ED Decision 2016/010/R
(See AMC 25.745)
(a) The nose-wheel steering system, unless it is restricted in use to low-speed manoeuvring, must be so designed that exceptional skill is not required for its use during take-off and landing, including the case of cross-wind, and in the event of sudden power-unit failure at any stage during the take-off run. This must be shown by tests. (See AMC 25.745(a).)
(b) It must be shown that, in any practical circumstances, movement of the pilot’s steering control (including movement during retraction or extension or after retraction of the landing gear) cannot interfere with the correct retraction or extension of the landing gear.
(c) Under failure conditions the system must comply with CS 25.1309(b) and (c). The arrangement of the system must be such that no single failure will result in a nose-wheel position, which will lead to a Hazardous Effect. Where reliance is placed on nose-wheel steering in showing compliance with CS 25.233, the nose-wheel steering system must be shown to comply with CS 25.1309. (See AMC 25.745(c).)
(d) The nose-wheel steering system, towing attachment(s), and associated elements must be designed or protected by appropriate means such that during ground manoeuvring operations effected by means independent of the aeroplane:
(1) Damage affecting the safe operation of the nose-wheel steering system is precluded, or
(2) A flight crew alert is provided, before the start of taxiing, if damage may have occurred (see AMC 25.1322).
(See AMC 25.745(d))
(e) Unless the nose-wheel, when lowered, is automatically in the fore-and-aft attitude successful landings must be demonstrated with the nose-wheel initially in all possible off-centre positions.
[Amdt 25/2]
[Amdt 25/13]
[Amdt 25/18]
EASA aviation regulations for large aeroplanes mandate nose-wheel steering systems require minimal pilot skill during takeoff and landing, even with crosswinds or engine failure. Steering control movement must not impede landing gear operation. System failures must not cause hazardous nose-wheel positions. Ground maneuvering damage must be prevented or alerted to the flight crew.
* Summary by Aviation.Bot - Always consult the original document for the most accurate information.
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