CS 25.233 Directional stability and control
ED Decision 2003/2/RM
(a) There may be no uncontrollable ground-looping tendency in 90° cross winds, up to a wind velocity of 37 km/h (20 kt) or 0·2 VSR0, whichever is greater, except that the wind velocity need not exceed 46 km/h (25 kt) at any speed at which the aeroplane may be expected to be operated on the ground. This may be shown while establishing the 90° cross component of wind velocity required by CS 25.237.
(b) Aeroplanes must be satisfactorily controllable, without exceptional piloting skill or alertness, in power-off landings at normal landing speed, without using brakes or engine power to maintain a straight path. This may be shown during power-off landings made in conjunction with other tests.
(c) The aeroplane must have adequate directional control during taxying. This may be shown during taxying prior to take-offs made in conjunction with other tests.
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