Subtopic HUMB 1.1 — Learning techniques

BASIC
HUMB

1.1.1

Appreciate appropriate learning techniques.

3

How the influence of interactive techniques can lead to improved learning

Subtopic HUMB 1.2 — Relevance of human factors for ATC

BASIC
HUMB

1.2.1

Explain the relevance and importance of human factors.

2

Historical background, safety impact on ATM, licensing requirements, incidents

Subtopic HUMB 1.3 — Human factors and ATC

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.1

Define human factors.

1

Optional content: ICAO Human Factors Training Manual

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.2

Explain the relationship between human factors and the aviation environment.

2

Optional content: ICAO Human Factors Training Manual, visits to the simulator and operational room, SHELL model, PEAR model

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.3

Explain the concept of systems.

2

People, procedures, equipment

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.4

Explain ATM in systems terms.

2

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.5

Explain the consequences of a system failure in ATS.

2

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.6

Explain the need for matching human and equipment.

2

Optional content: ICAO Human Factors Training Manual

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.7

Explain the information requirement of ATC.

2

Relevant, timely, accurate

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.8

Describe the role of the human in the evolution of ATC.

2

Optional content: history of ATC, airspace, communications, radar, advanced ATS systems, the future of ATC

BASIC
HUMB

1.3.9

Explain the importance of situational awareness for decision-making.

2

Subtopic HUMB 1.1 — Relevance of human factors to ATC

BASIC
HUMB

1.1.1

Define human factors.

1

BASIC HUMB 1.1.2

Define human performance.

1

BASIC
HUMB

1.1.3

Explain the relevance of human factors to ATM.

2

Historical background, safety impact on ATM, licensing requirements, incidents

BASIC
HUMB

1.1.4

Recognise the evolution of human performance during an ATCO’s career.

2

Optional content: Regulation (EU) 2015/340; experience; initial, unit, continuation and development training

Subtopic HUMB 2.1 — Individual behaviour

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.1

Explain the differences and commonalities that exist among people.

2

Optional content: attitude, cultural, language

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.2

Explain the dangers of boredom.

2

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.3

Explain the dangers of overconfidence and complacency.

2

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.4

Explain the dangers of fatigue.

2

Sleep disturbance, heavy workload

Subtopic HUMB 2.2 — Safety culture and professional conduct

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.1

Characterise the role of air traffic controller for positive safety culture.

2

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.2

Describe the need for professional standards in ATC.

2

Optional content: adherence to rules and regulations, etc.

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.3

Appreciate the needed basic professional attitude appropriate to a high level of safety.

3

Optional content: punctuality, rigour, adherence to rules, teamwork attitude

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.4

Describe the impact of responsibility on controllers’ action(s).

2

Responsibility as a guidance for appropriate action

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.5

Recognise the different responsibilities of a controller.

1

Prospective and retrospective responsibility, guilt and obligation, types of responsibility (moral, welfare, legal, task, role responsibility, etc.)

Subtopic HUMB 2.3 — Health and well-being

BASIC
HUMB

2.3.1

Consider the effect of health on performance.

2

Optional content: fitness, diet, drugs, alcohol

Subtopic HUMB 2.4 — Teamwork

BASIC
HUMB

2.4.1

Describe the differences between social human relations and professional interactions.

2

BASIC
HUMB

2.4.2

Describe the different types and characters in a team.

2

Optional content: leader, follower

BASIC
HUMB

2.4.3

Appreciate the principles of teamwork.

3

Optional content: team membership, group dynamics, advantages/ disadvantages of teamwork, conflicts and their solutions

BASIC
HUMB

2.4.4

Describe leader style and group interaction.

2

Subtopic HUMB 2.5 — Basic needs of people at work

BASIC
HUMB

2.5.1

List basic needs of people at work.

1

Optional content: balance between individual ability and workload, working time and rest periods; adequate physical working conditions, positive working environment

BASIC
HUMB

2.5.2

Characterise the factors of work satisfaction.

2

Optional content: money, achievement, recognition, advancement, challenge

Subtopic HUMB 2.6 — Stress

BASIC
HUMB

2.6.1

Define stress.

1

Stress definition

Optional content: EATCHIP Human Factors Module — Stress

BASIC
HUMB

2.6.2

Describe stress symptoms and sources.

2

Behavioural changes, lifestyle changes, physical symptoms, crisis events, main causes of stress

Optional content: EATCHIP Human Factors Module — Stress

BASIC
HUMB

2.6.3

Describe the stages of stress.

2

Stress performance curve

Optional content: EATCHIP Human Factors Module — Stress

BASIC
HUMB

2.6.4

Appreciate techniques for stress management.

3

Optional content: relaxation techniques, diet and lifestyle, exercise, EATCHIP Human Factors Module — Stress

Subtopic HUMB 2.1 — Fitness for duty

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.1

Recognise the effect of health and well-being on fitness for duty.

1

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.2

List the reasons for provisional inability to exercise the privileges of the ATCO licence.

1

Regulation (EU) 2015/340

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.3

Recognise signs of lack of personal fitness.

1

Cognitive and physical fitness

BASIC
HUMB

2.1.4

Describe good practices that contribute to maintaining fitness for duty.

2

Optional content: fitness, diet

Subtopic HUMB 2.2 — Stress and fatigue

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.1

Define stress.

1

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.2

Define fatigue.

1

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.3

Differentiate between stress and fatigue.

2

ICAO Doc 9966

BASIC
HUMB

2.2.4

Explain the causal factors of stress and fatigue.

2

Optional content: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

Subtopic HUMB 2.3 — Substance use and responsibility

BASIC
HUMB

2.3.1

Define psychoactive substance.

1

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

BASIC
HUMB

2.3.2

Explain the effect of psychoactive substance use on the individual and on safety.

2

BASIC
HUMB

2.3.3

Describe individual responsibility in terms of psychoactive substance use.

2

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Subtopic HUMB 3.1 — Dangers of error

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.1

Recognise the dangers of error in ATC.

1

Optional content: Air Traffic Control — Human Performance Factors (Anne Isaac, 1999), Human Factors in Air Traffic Control (V. David Hopkin, 1995)

Subtopic HUMB 3.2 — Definition of human error

BASIC
HUMB

3.2.1

Define human error.

1

BASIC
HUMB

3.2.2

Describe the factors which contribute to cause error.

2

Fatigue, lack of skill, misunderstanding, multitasking, lack of information, distraction, lack of work satisfaction

Subtopic HUMB 3.3 — Classification of human error

BASIC
HUMB

3.3.1

State the types of errors.

1

Optional content: slips, lapses, mistakes

BASIC
HUMB

3.3.2

Define violations.

1

BASIC
HUMB

3.3.3

Differentiate between errors and violations of rules.

2

BASIC
HUMB

3.3.4

Describe the three levels of performance according to the Rasmussen model.

2

Skill based, knowledge based, rule based

Subtopic HUMB 3.4 — Risk analysis and risk management

BASIC
HUMB

3.4.1

Describe risk analysis and risk management of human systems and error.

2

Active failures and latent conditions

Optional content: Reason model, HFACS (Human Factors Analysis & Classification System) model, Heinrich Theory

BASIC
HUMB

3.4.2

Apply one risk analysis model on error during a case study.

3

Subtopic HUMB 3.1 — Individual behaviour

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.1

Define human behaviour.

1

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.2

Explain the differences and commonalities that exist among people.

2

Optional content: attitude, cultural, language, motivation

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.3

Describe the reasons for complacency and the associated effects.

2

Safety, working relationship — team

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.4

Describe the reasons for overconfidence and the associated effects.

2

Safety, working relationship — team

BASIC
HUMB

3.1.5

Explain the dangers of boredom.

2

Subtopic HUMB 3.2 — Safety culture and professional conduct

BASIC
HUMB

3.2.1

Recognise professional conduct in the workplace.

1

Optional content: professionalism, attitude, communication, teamwork

BASIC
HUMB

3.2.2

Describe how the air traffic controller contributes to a positive safety culture.

2

Optional content: attitude towards safety, punctuality, rigour, adherence to rules and regulations, teamwork attitude, etc.

BASIC
HUMB

3.2.3

Consider the factors which influence responsible behaviour.

2

Optional content: situation, team, personal situation and judgement, instance of justification, moral motivation, personality

Subtopic HUMB 4.1 — Importance of good communication in ATC

BASIC
HUMB

4.1.1

Appreciate the importance of good communication in ATC.

3

Subtopic HUMB 4.2 — Communication process

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.1

Define communication.

1

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.2

Define the communication process.

1

Optional content: sender, encoder, transmitter, signal, interference, reception, decoder, receiver, feedback

Subtopic HUMB 4.3 — Communication modes

BASIC
HUMB

4.3.1

Describe the factors which affect verbal communication.

2

Optional content: word choice, intonation, speed, tone, distortion, load, expectation, noise, interruption, language knowledge (i.e. accent, dialect, vocabulary)

BASIC
HUMB

4.3.2

Describe the factors which affect non-verbal communication.

2

Optional content: touch, choice, expectation, noise, interruption

BASIC
HUMB

4.3.3

Apply good communication practices.

3

Speaking and listening

Subtopic HUMB 4.1 — Definition of human error

BASIC
HUMB

4.1.1

Define human error.

1

Subtopic HUMB 4.2 — Classification of human error

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.1

List the types of errors.

1

Optional content: slips, lapses, mistakes

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.2

Describe the factors which contribute to the occurrence of different types of errors and how these may be reduced.

2

Fatigue, lack of skill, misunderstanding, multitasking, lack of information, distraction, lack of work satisfaction

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.3

Define violations.

1

BASIC
HUMB

4.2.4

Differentiate between errors and violations of rules and their consequences for the controller.

2

Subtopic HUMB 5.1 — Ergonomics and the need for good design

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.1

Define ergonomics.

1

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.2

Recognise the need for good building design.

1

Optional content: light, insulation, decor, space, facilities

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.3

Explain the need for good work position design.

2

Optional content: anthropometry (seating, workstation design, input device, etc.)

Subtopic HUMB 5.2 — Equipment and tools

BASIC
HUMB

5.2.1

Characterise the equipment and tools that will be used in simulation in accordance with the SHELL model.

2

The physical environment, visual displays, suites, input devices, communications equipment, console profile and layout

Subtopic HUMB 5.3 — Automation

BASIC
HUMB

5.3.1

Explain the reasons for automation.

2

BASIC
HUMB

5.3.2

Describe the advantages and constraints of automation.

2

Subtopic HUMB 5.1 — Teamwork and team roles

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.1

Define teamwork.

1

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.2

Describe the differences between social human relations and professional interactions.

2

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.3

Explain the different types of teams in the ATC environment.

2

Optional content: executive/planner, shift team, sector group or ATC unit team, team with pilots, team with adjacent ATC units

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.4

Recognise the different types, roles and characters in a team

1

BASIC
HUMB

5.1.5

Characterise the principles of teamwork.

2

Optional content: team membership, team roles, group dynamics, advantages/disadvantages of teamwork, conflicts and their solutions

Subtopic HUMB 6.1 — Communication in ATC

BASIC
HUMB

6.1.1

Define communication.

1

BASIC
HUMB

6.1.2

List an ATCO’s communication partners.

1

BASIC
HUMB

6.1.3

Explain good communication practices.

2

Speaking and listening

BASIC
HUMB

6.1.4

Differentiate between hearing and listening.

2

Subtopic HUMB 6.2 — Communication modes

BASIC
HUMB

6.2.1

Describe the factors which affect verbal communication.

2

Optional content: word choice, intonation, speed, tone, distortion, load, expectation, noise, interruption, language competence

BASIC
HUMB

6.2.2

Describe the factors which affect non-verbal communication.

2

Optional content: touch, choice, expectation, noise, interruption

BASIC
HUMB

6.2.3

Describe misunderstandings that may arise during a controller’s communication.

2