SPO.IDE.A.120 Operations under VFR – flight
and navigational instruments and associated equipment
Regulation (EU) 2019/1384
(a) Aeroplanes operated under VFR by day shall be equipped with a means of measuring and displaying the following:
(1) magnetic heading,
(2) time in hours, minutes and seconds,
(3) barometric altitude,
(4) indicated airspeed,
(5) Mach number whenever speed limitations are expressed in terms of Mach number, and
(6) slip for complex motor-powered aeroplanes.
(b) Aeroplanes operating under VMC at night shall be, in addition to (a), equipped with:
(1) a means of measuring and displaying the following:
(i) turn and slip,
(ii) attitude,
(iii) vertical speed, and
(iv) stabilised heading;
(2) a means of indicating when the supply of power to the gyroscopic instruments is not adequate.
(c) Complex motor-powered aeroplanes operating under VMC over water and out of sight of the land shall be, in addition to (a) and (b), equipped with a means of preventing malfunction of the airspeed indicating system due to condensation or icing.
(d) Aeroplanes operated in conditions where they cannot be maintained in a desired flight path without reference to one or more additional instruments, shall be, in addition to (a) and (b), equipped with a means of preventing malfunction of the airspeed indicating system required in (a)(4) due to condensation or icing.
(e) Whenever two pilots are required for the operation, aeroplanes shall be equipped with an additional separate means of displaying the following:
(1) barometric altitude,
(2) indicated airspeed,
(3) slip, or turn and slip, as applicable,
(4) attitude, if applicable,
(5) vertical speed, if applicable
(6) stabilised heading, if applicable, and
(7) Mach number whenever speed limitations are expressed in terms of Mach number, if applicable.
EASA regulations mandate specific flight and navigation instruments for aeroplanes based on Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operations. Day flights require instruments for heading, time, altitude, airspeed, Mach, and slip. Night flights add turn/slip, attitude, vertical speed, and stabilized heading indicators. Complex aeroplanes flying over water or needing instrument-assisted flight paths require airspeed icing protection. Two-pilot aeroplanes need duplicate displays for critical parameters.
* Summary by Aviation.Bot - Always consult the original document for the most accurate information.
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