Part III - Test Method to Determine Flame Penetration Resistance of Cargo Compartment Liners

• ED Decision 2009/017/R found in: CS-25 Amdt 27 - Large Aeroplanes (Jan 2023)

Part III – Test Method to Determine Flame Penetration Resistance of Cargo Compartment Liners ED Decision 2009/017/R (a) *Criteria for Acceptance* (1) At least three specimens of cargo compartment sidewall or ceiling liner panels must be tested. (2) Each specimen tested must simulate the cargo compartment sidewall or ceiling liner panel, including any design features, such as joints, lamp assemblies, etc., the failure of which would affect the capability of the liner to safely contain a fire. (3) There must be no flame penetration of any specimen within 5 minutes after application of the flame source, and the peak temperature measured at 10 cm (4 inches) above the upper surface of the horizontal test sample must not exceed 204oC (400oF). (b) *Summary of Method.* This method provides a laboratory test procedure for measuring the capability of cargo compartment lining materials to resist flame penetration within a 7.6 l/hr (2 US gallons/hour) # 2 Grade kerosene or equivalent burner fire source. Ceiling and sidewall liner panels may be tested individually provided a baffle is used to simulate the missing panel. Any specimen that passes the test as a ceiling liner panel may be used as a sidewall liner panel. (c) *Test Specimens* (1) The specimen to be tested must measure 406 ± 3 mm (16 ± 0·125 inches) by 610 ± 3 mm (24 ± 0·125 inches). (2) The specimens must be conditioned at 70°F ± 5oF (21°C ± 2°C) and 55% ± 5% humidity for at least 24 hours before testing. (d) *Test Apparatus*. The arrangement of the test apparatus, which is shown in Figure 3 of [Part II](#_DxCrossRefBm1709821332) and Figures 1 through 3 of this Part of Appendix F, must include the components described in this paragraph. Minor details of the apparatus may vary, depending on the model of the burner used. (1) *Specimen Mounting Stand.* The mounting stand for the test specimens consists of steel angles as shown in Figure 1. (2) *Test Burner.* The burner to be used in testing must – (i) Be a modified gun type. (ii) Use a suitable nozzle and maintain fuel pressure to yield a 7.6 l/hr (2 US gallons/hour) fuel flow. For example: an 80-degree nozzle nominally rated at 8.5 l/hr (2·25 US gallons/hour) and operated at 586 Kpa (85 pounds per square inch) gauge to deliver 7.7 l/hr (2·03 US gallons/hour). (iii) Have a 31 cm (12 inch) burner extension installed at the end of the draft tube with an opening 15 cm (6 inches) high and 28 cm (11 inches) wide as shown in Figure 3 of [Part II](#_DxCrossRefBm1709821332) of this Appendix. (iv) Have a burner fuel pressure regulator that is adjusted to deliver a nominal 7.6 l/hr (2·0 US gallons/hour) of # 2 Grade kerosene or equivalent. (3) Calorimeter (i) The calorimeter to be used in testing must be a total heat flux Foil Type Gardon Gauge of an appropriate range, approximately 0–17·0 Watts/cm2 (0 to 15·0 BTU per ft2 sec). The calorimeter must be mounted in a 15 by 31 cm (6 inch by 12 inch) by 19 mm (0·75 of an inch) thick insulating block which is attached to a steel angle bracket for placement in the test stand during burner calibration as shown in Figure 2 of this Part of this Appendix. (ii) The insulating block must be monitored for deterioration and the mounting shimmed as necessary to ensure that the calorimeter face is parallel to the exit plane of the test burner cone. (4) *Thermocouples.* The seven thermocouples to be used for testing must be 1.59 mm (0·0625 of an inch) ceramic sheathed, type K, grounded thermocouples with a nominal 30 American wire gauge (AWG)-size conductor 0·254 mm (0·010 inches) diameter). The seven thermocouples must be attached to a steel angle bracket to form a thermocouple rake for placement in the stand during burner calibration as shown in Figure 3 of this Part of this Appendix. (5) *Apparatus Arrangement.* The test burner must be mounted on a suitable stand to position the exit of the burner cone a distance of 20 cm (8 inches) from the ceiling liner panel and 50 mm (2 inches) from the sidewall liner panel. The burner stand should have the capability of allowing the burner to be swung away from the test specimen during warm-up periods. (6) *Instrumentation*. A recording potentiometer or other suitable instrument with an appropriate range must be used to measure and record the outputs of the calorimeter and the thermocouples. (7) *Timing Device.* A stopwatch or other device must be used to measure the time of flame application and the time of flame penetration, if it occurs. (e) *Preparation of Apparatus.* Before calibration, all equipment must be turned on and allowed to stabilize, and the burner fuel flow must be adjusted as specified in sub-paragraph (d)(2). (f) *Calibration.* To ensure the proper thermal output of the burner the following test must be made: (1) Remove the burner extension from the end of the draft tube. Turn on the blower portion of the burner without turning the fuel or igniters on. Measure the air velocity using a hot wire anemometer in the centre of the draft tube across the face of the opening. Adjust the damper such that the air velocity is in the range of 7.9 m/s to 9.1 m/s (1550 to 1800 ft/min). If tabs are being used at the exit of the draft tube, they must be removed prior to this measurement. Reinstall the draft tube extension cone. (2) Place the calorimeter on the test stand as shown in Figure 2 at a distance of 20 cm (8 inches) from the exit of the burner cone to simulate the position of the horizontal test specimen. (3) Turn on the burner, allow it to run for 2 minutes for warm-up, and adjust the damper to produce a calorimeter reading of 9·1 ± 0·6 Watts/cm2 (8·0 ± 0·5 BTU per ft2 sec). (4) Replace the calorimeter with the thermocouple rake (see Figure 3). (5) Turn on the burner and ensure that each of the seven thermocouples reads 927°C ± 38°C (1700°F ± 100°F) to ensure steady state conditions have been achieved. If the temperature is out of this range, repeat steps 2 through 5 until proper readings are obtained. (6) Turn off the burner and remove the thermocouple rake. (7) Repeat (f)(1) to ensure that the burner is in the correct range. (g) *Test Procedure* (1) Mount a thermocouple of the same type as that used for calibration at a distance of 10 cm (4 inches) above the horizontal (ceiling) test specimen. The thermocouple should be centred over the burner cone. (2) Mount the test specimen on the test stand shown in Figure 1 in either the horizontal or vertical position. Mount the insulating material in the other position. (3) Position the burner so that flames will not impinge on the specimen, turn the burner on, and allow it to run for 2 minutes. Rotate the burner to apply the flame to the specimen and simultaneously start the timing device. (4) Expose the test specimen to the flame for 5 minutes and then turn off the burner. The test may be terminated earlier if flame penetration is observed. (5) When testing ceiling liner panels, record the peak temperature measured 101 mm (4 inches) above the sample. (6) Record the time at which flame penetration occurs if applicable. (h) *Test Report.* The test report must include the following: (1) A complete description of the materials tested including type, manufacturer, thickness, and other appropriate data. (2) Observations of the behaviour of the test specimens during flame exposure such as delamination, resin ignition, smoke, etc., including the time of such occurrence. (3) The time at which flame penetration occurs, if applicable, for each of three specimens tested. (4) Panel orientation (ceiling or sidewall). [Amdt 25/8]  FIGURE 1 TEST APPARATUS FOR HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MOUNTING  FIGURE 2 CALORIMETER BRACKET  FIGURE 3 THERMOCOUPLE RAKE BRACKET