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AMC No 1 to Appendix XII - Training courses for Lead Flight Test Engineers (LFTEs)

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ED Decision 2015/026/R found in: Initial Airworthiness and Environmental Protection (748/2012) Part-21 Part-21L (Jul 2024)

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AMC No 1 to Appendix XII – Training courses for Lead Flight Test Engineers (LFTEs)

ED
Decision 2015/026/R

GENERAL

1.       Competency-based training

1.1.    LFTE training courses should be
competency-based. The training programme should, as much as possible, follow
the syllabus outlined below, but may be adapted taking into account the
previous experience, skills and theoretical knowledge level of the students.

1.2.    It should also be recognised that the
syllabus below assume that suitable flight test experience will be gained
subsequent to course attendance. Should the student be significantly
experienced already, then consideration should be made of that experience and
it is possible that the course content might be reduced in areas where that
experience has been gained.

1.3.    Furthermore, it should be noted that LFTE
courses are specific both to a certain category of aircraft (aeroplanes or
helicopters) and to a certain category of flight test (Category 1 or 2).
Therefore, an LFTE wishing to extend their privileges to further categories of
aircraft or to further categories of flight test (this is only relevant for
someone having already undertaken a Category 2 course) should not be requested
to undertake the same course as an ‘ab initio applicant’. In these cases, the
organisation providing the training should develop specific ‘bridge courses’
taking into account the same principles mentioned above.

1.4.    To allow proper consideration of the
student’s previous experience, a pre-entry assessment of the student’s skills
should be undertaken on the basis of which the organisation providing the
training may evaluate the level of the applicant in order to better tailor the
course. Consequently, the syllabi listed below should be regarded as a list of
individual demonstrable competencies and qualifications rather than a list of
mandatory training objectives.

2.       Continuous evaluation

2.1.    Training courses should be built on a
continuous evaluation model in order to ensure that successful completion of
the course ensures that the student has reached the level of competence (both
theoretical and practical) necessary to carry on their functions.

COURSE
CONTENT

3.       In addition, the content of the course
should vary taking into account whether the student wants to undertake a
Category 1 or Category 2 flight test, as well as the relevant category of
aircraft, and their level of complexity. In order to better take these factors
into account, LFTE training courses have been divided into levels similar to
those for the pilot flight test rating.

3.1     Competence Level 1 courses apply to
Category 1 flight tests on:

a.       helicopters certified in accordance with
the standards of CS-27 or CS-29 or equivalent airworthiness codes;

b.       aeroplanes certified in accordance with:

(i)      the standards of CS-25 or equivalent
airworthiness codes; or

(ii)     the standards of CS-23 or equivalent
airworthiness codes within the commuter category or having a design diving
speed (MD) above 0,6 or a maximum ceiling above 25 000 ft.

3.2     Competence Level 2 courses apply
to:

a.       Category 2 flight tests for:

(i)      helicopters certified in accordance with
the standards of CS-27 or CS-29 or equivalent airworthiness codes;

(ii)     aeroplanes certified in accordance with:

—
the standards of CS-25 or equivalent airworthiness codes; or

—
the standards of CS-23 or equivalent airworthiness codes (including
those mentioned in 3.1.b.(ii)), except for aeroplanes with a maximum take-off
mass of less than 2 000 kg.

b.       Category 1 flight tests for aeroplanes
certified in accordance with the standards of CS‑23, with a maximum take-off
mass of 2 000 kg or above, with the exclusion of those mentioned in
3.1.b.(ii) (which are subject to competence Level 1 courses).

AEROPLANES

4.       Competence Level 1 courses for
aeroplanes

4.1.    These courses should include approximately:

a.       350 hours of ground training; and

b.       60 hours of flight training, during
which at least 10 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c.       Principles of test management and risk
and safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In addition,
principles and methods applicable to the certification activity and safety
assessments should be taught. A review of the principles of Crew Resource
Management (CRM) tailored to the flight test environment should be included.

4.2.    These courses should include instruction on
at least six different aircraft types, of which at least one should be
certified in accordance with CS-25 standards or equivalent airworthiness
codes.

4.3.    During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least five substantial flight test reports.

4.4.    The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

4.5.    Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="566">
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top" width="566">
COMPETENCE
 LEVEL 1 — AEROPLANES
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="98">
Theoretical knowledge
</td>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
—     Aerodynamics
—     Stability and control/handling
 qualities
—     Engines and performance
—     Measurements and flight test
 instrumentation (including telemetry)
—    
 Human factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="6" valign="top" width="98">
Flight test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Performance 
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="350">
—     Airspeed calibration
—     Climb multi-engine
—     Take-off and landing, including
 turboprop/turbofan one-engine-inoperative (OEI)
—     Level flight performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Engines
</td>
<td valign="top" width="350">
—     Turboprop/turbofan limitations
 and relight envelope
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Handling qualities
(at least two flight test reports should be
 developed)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="350">
—     Flight controls characteristics
—     Longitudinal handling qualities
—     Longitudinal manoeuvre
 stability
—     Take-off and landing
 multi-turboprop/ turbofan, including Vmcg and Vmu
—     Lateral-directional handling
 qualities
—     Handling qualities evaluation 
—     Variable stability demo flights
 including High-Order Flight Control Systems (HOFCS)
—     Stalls
—     Spins
—     Vmca
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Systems
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="350">
At least three different systems, for example:
—     Autopilot/Automatic Flight
 Control System (AFCS)
—     Glass cockpit evaluation 
—     Radio navigation, instruments
 qualification and integrated avionics
—     Enhanced Ground Proximity
 Warning System (EGPWS)
—    
 ACAS
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
High-speed certification test
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
Final evaluation exercise (a flight test report
 should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</table>

5.       Competence Level 2 courses for
aeroplanes

5.1.    These courses should include approximately:

a.       150 hours of ground training; and

b.       30 hours of flight training, during
which at least 6 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c.       Principles
of test management and risk and safety management should be integrated
throughout the course. In addition, principles and methods applicable to the
certification activity and safety assessments should be taught. A review of
the principles of CRM tailored to the flight test environment should be
included.

5.2.    These courses should include instruction on
at least five different aircraft types, of which at least one should be
certified in accordance with CS-25 standards or equivalent airworthiness
codes.

5.3.    During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least three substantial flight test reports.

5.4.    The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

5.5.    Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="565">
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top" width="565">
COMPETENCE
 LEVEL 2 — AEROPLANES
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="98">
Theoretical knowledge
</td>
<td colspan="2" width="468">
—     Aerodynamics
—     Stability and control/handling
 qualities
—     Engines and performance
—     Measurements and flight test
 instrumentation (including telemetry)
—    
 Human factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" valign="top" width="98">
Flight test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Performance
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="350">
—     Airspeed calibration 
—     Climb multi-engine 
—     Take-off and landing
 multi-turboprop/ turbofan
—     Level flight performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Handling qualities
</td>
<td width="350">
—     Flight control characteristics
—     Longitudinal static/dynamic
 stability and control/handling qualities
—     Lateral-directional stability
 and control/ handling qualities
—     Stalls
—     Spins
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="118">
Systems
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="350">
At least three different systems, for example:
—     Autopilot/AFCS
—     Glass cockpit evaluation 
—     Radio navigation, instruments
 qualification and integrated avionics
—     EGPWS
—    
 ACAS
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
Final evaluation exercise (a flight test report
 should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</table>

HELICOPTERS

6.       Competence Level 1 courses for
helicopters

6.1.    These courses should include approximately:

a.       350 hours of ground training; and

b.       60 hours of flight training, during
which at least 15 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c.       Principles of test management and risk
and safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In addition,
principles and methods applicable to the certification activity and safety
assessments should be taught. A review of the principles of CRM tailored to
the flight test environment should be included.

6.2.    These courses should include instruction on
at least six different aircraft types, of which at least one should be
certified in accordance with CS-29 standards or equivalent airworthiness
codes.

6.3.    During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least five substantial flight test reports.

6.4.    The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

6.5.    Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="566">
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top" width="566">
COMPETENCE LEVEL 1 — HELICOPTERS
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="99">
Theoretical knowledge
</td>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
—    
 Aerodynamics
—    
 Stability and control/handling qualities
—    
 Engines and performance
—    
 Measurements and flight test instrumentation
 (including telemetry)
—    
 Human factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="9" valign="top" width="99">
Flight test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Performance
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="350">
—     Airspeed calibration 
—     Level flight, climb and
 descent, vertical and hover performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Engines
</td>
<td width="350">
—     Digital engine governing
—     Turbine/piston engine evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Handling qualities
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="350">
—     Flight control characteristics
—     Longitudinal static/dynamic
 stability and control/handling qualities
—     Lateral-directional stability
 and control/ handling qualities
—     ADS 33
—     Rotor assessment with different
 control powers
—    
 Variable stability demo flights including High-Order Flight
 Control Systems (HOFCS)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Systems
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="350">
At least three different systems, for example:
—     Navigation management systems
—     Auto-pilot/AFCS
—     Night-vision
 goggles/electro-optics
—    
 Glass cockpit evaluation 
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
Height/velocity envelope and Engine-Off Landings
 (EOL), including relights
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
Category A procedure
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
Vibrations and rotor adjustments
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
Autorotations
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="467">
Final evaluation exercise (a flight test report
 should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</table>

7.       Competence Level 2 courses for
helicopters.

7.1.    These courses should include approximately:

a.       150 hours of ground training; and

b.       30 hours of flight training, during
which at least 6 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised);

c.       Principles of test management and risk
and safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In addition,
principles and methods applicable to the certification activity and safety
assessments should be taught. A review of the principles of CRM tailored to
the flight test environment should be included.

7.2.    These courses should include instruction on
at least four different aircraft types, of which at least one should be
certified in accordance with CS-29 standards or equivalent airworthiness
codes.

7.3.    During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least three substantial flight test reports.

7.4.    The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

7.5.    Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="566">
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top" width="566">
COMPETENCE LEVEL 2 — HELICOPTERS
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="99">
Theoretical knowledge
</td>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
Aerodynamics
Stability and control/handling qualities
Engines and performance
Measurements and flight test instrumentation
 (including telemetry)
Human factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="6" valign="top" width="99">
Flight test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Performance 
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td width="351">
—     Airspeed calibration 
—     Level flight, climb and
 descent, vertical and hover performance 
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Engines
</td>
<td width="351">
—     Digital engines governing
—     Turbine/piston engine
 evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Handling qualities
</td>
<td width="351">
—     Flight control characteristics
—     Longitudinal static/dynamic
 stability and control/handling qualities
—    
 Lateral-directional stability and control/ handling qualities
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="117">
Systems
(at least one flight test report should be
 developed)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="351">
At least three different systems, for example:
—    
 Navigation management systems
—    
 Auto-pilot/AFCS
—    
 Night-vision goggles/electro-optics
—    
 Glass cockpit evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
Vibration and rotor adjustments
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top" width="468">
Final evaluation exercise (a flight test report
 should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</table>

##### AMC No 1 to Appendix XII – Training courses for Lead Flight Test Engineers (LFTEs)

*ED
Decision 2015/026/R*

**GENERAL**

1. Competency-based training

1.1. LFTE training courses should be
competency-based. The training programme should, as much as possible,
follow the syllabus outlined below, but may be adapted taking into
account the previous experience, skills and theoretical knowledge
level of the students.

1.2. It should also be recognised that the
syllabus below assume that suitable flight test experience will be
gained subsequent to course attendance. Should the student be
significantly experienced already, then consideration should be made
of that experience and it is possible that the course content might
be reduced in areas where that experience has been gained.

1.3. Furthermore, it should be noted that LFTE
courses are specific both to a certain category of aircraft
(aeroplanes or helicopters) and to a certain category of flight test
(Category 1 or 2). Therefore, an LFTE wishing to extend their
privileges to further categories of aircraft or to further categories
of flight test (this is only relevant for someone having already
undertaken a Category 2 course) should not be requested to undertake
the same course as an ‘ab initio applicant’. In these cases, the
organisation providing the training should develop specific ‘bridge
courses’ taking into account the same principles mentioned above.

1.4. To allow proper consideration of the
student’s previous experience, a pre-entry assessment of the
student’s skills should be undertaken on the basis of which the
organisation providing the training may evaluate the level of the
applicant in order to better tailor the course. Consequently, the
syllabi listed below should be regarded as a list of individual
demonstrable competencies and qualifications rather than a list of
mandatory training objectives.

2. Continuous evaluation

2.1. Training courses should be built on a
continuous evaluation model in order to ensure that successful
completion of the course ensures that the student has reached the
level of competence (both theoretical and practical) necessary to
carry on their functions.

**COURSE
CONTENT**

3. In addition, the content of the course should
vary taking into account whether the student wants to undertake a
Category 1 or Category 2 flight test, as well as the relevant
category of aircraft, and their level of complexity. In order to
better take these factors into account, LFTE training courses have
been divided into levels similar to those for the pilot flight test
rating.

3.1 Competence Level 1 courses apply to Category 1
flight tests on:

a. helicopters certified in accordance with the
standards of CS-27 or CS-29 or equivalent airworthiness codes;

b. aeroplanes certified in accordance with:

(i) the standards of CS-25 or equivalent
airworthiness codes; or

(ii) the standards of CS-23 or equivalent
airworthiness codes within the commuter category or having a design
diving speed (MD) above 0,6 or a maximum ceiling above 25 000
ft.

3.2 Competence Level 2 courses apply to:

a. Category 2 flight tests for:

(i) helicopters certified in accordance with the
standards of CS-27 or CS-29 or equivalent airworthiness codes;

(ii) aeroplanes certified in accordance with:

—
the standards of CS-25 or equivalent airworthiness
codes; or

—
the standards of CS-23 or equivalent airworthiness
codes (including those mentioned in 3.1.b.(ii)), except for
aeroplanes with a maximum take-off mass of less than 2 000 kg.

b. Category 1 flight tests for aeroplanes
certified in accordance with the standards of CS‑23, with a
maximum take-off mass of 2 000 kg or above, with the exclusion
of those mentioned in 3.1.b.(ii) (which are subject to competence
Level 1 courses).

**AEROPLANES**

4. Competence Level 1 courses for aeroplanes

4.1. These courses should include approximately:

a. 350 hours of ground training; and

b. 60 hours of flight training, during which at
least 10 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c. Principles of test management and risk and
safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In
addition, principles and methods applicable to the certification
activity and safety assessments should be taught. A review of the
principles of Crew Resource Management (CRM) tailored to the flight
test environment should be included.

4.2. These courses should include instruction on
at least six different aircraft types, of which at least one should
be certified in accordance with CS-25 standards or equivalent
airworthiness codes.

4.3. During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least five substantial flight test reports.

4.4. The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

4.5. Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0">
<col/>
<col/>
<col/>
<thead>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3" valign="top">
COMPETENCE
					LEVEL 1 — AEROPLANES
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Theoretical
					knowledge
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
					— Aerodynamics

					— Stability
					and control/handling qualities

					— Engines
					and performance

					— Measurements
					and flight test instrumentation (including telemetry)
—
					Human
					factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" rowspan="6">
Flight
					test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Performance
					

(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Airspeed
					calibration

					— Climb
					multi-engine

					— Take-off
					and landing, including turboprop/turbofan one-engine-inoperative
					(OEI)
—
					Level
					flight performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Engines
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Turboprop/turbofan
					limitations and relight envelope
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Handling
					qualities
(at
					least two flight test reports should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Flight
					controls characteristics

					— Longitudinal
					handling qualities

					— Longitudinal
					manoeuvre stability

					— Take-off
					and landing multi-turboprop/ turbofan, including Vmcg and Vmu

					— Lateral-directional
					handling qualities

					— Handling
					qualities evaluation 


					— Variable
					stability demo flights including High-Order Flight Control
					Systems (HOFCS)

					— Stalls

					— Spins
—
					Vmca
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Systems
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
At
					least three different systems, for example:

					— Autopilot/Automatic
					Flight Control System (AFCS)

					— Glass
					cockpit evaluation 


					— Radio
					navigation, instruments qualification and integrated avionics

					— Enhanced
					Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS)
—
					ACAS
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
High-speed
					certification test
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Final
					evaluation exercise (a flight test report should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

5. Competence Level 2 courses for aeroplanes

5.1. These courses should include approximately:

a. 150 hours of ground training; and

b. 30 hours of flight training, during which
at least 6 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c. Principles of test management and risk and safety management
should be integrated throughout the course. In addition, principles
and methods applicable to the certification activity and safety
assessments should be taught. A review of the principles of CRM
tailored to the flight test environment should be included.

5.2. These courses should include instruction on
at least five different aircraft types, of which at least one should
be certified in accordance with CS-25 standards or equivalent
airworthiness codes.

5.3. During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least three substantial flight test reports.

5.4. The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

5.5. Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0">
<col/>
<col/>
<col/>
<thead>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3" valign="top">
COMPETENCE
					LEVEL 2 — AEROPLANES
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Theoretical
					knowledge
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
					— Aerodynamics

					— Stability
					and control/handling qualities

					— Engines
					and performance

					— Measurements
					and flight test instrumentation (including telemetry)
—
					Human
					factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" rowspan="4" valign="top">
Flight
					test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Performance
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Airspeed
					calibration 


					— Climb
					multi-engine 


					— Take-off
					and landing multi-turboprop/ turbofan
—
					Level
					flight performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Handling
					qualities
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Flight
					control characteristics

					— Longitudinal
					static/dynamic stability and control/handling qualities

					— Lateral-directional
					stability and control/ handling qualities

					— Stalls
—
					Spins
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Systems
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
At
					least three different systems, for example:

					— Autopilot/AFCS

					— Glass
					cockpit evaluation 


					— Radio
					navigation, instruments qualification and integrated avionics

					— EGPWS
—
					ACAS
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Final
					evaluation exercise (a flight test report should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

**HELICOPTERS**

6. Competence Level 1 courses for helicopters

6.1. These courses should include approximately:

a. 350 hours of ground training; and

b. 60 hours of flight training, during which at
least 15 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised).

c. Principles of test management and risk and
safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In
addition, principles and methods applicable to the certification
activity and safety assessments should be taught. A review of the
principles of CRM tailored to the flight test environment should be
included.

6.2. These courses should include instruction on
at least six different aircraft types, of which at least one should
be certified in accordance with CS-29 standards or equivalent
airworthiness codes.

6.3. During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least five substantial flight test reports.

6.4. The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

6.5. Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0">
<col/>
<col/>
<col/>
<thead>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3" valign="top">
COMPETENCE
					LEVEL 1 — HELICOPTERS
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Theoretical
					knowledge
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
					— Aerodynamics

					— Stability
					and control/handling qualities

					— Engines
					and performance

					— Measurements
					and flight test instrumentation (including telemetry)
— Human
					factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" rowspan="9" valign="top">
Flight
					test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Performance
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Airspeed
					calibration 

—
					Level
					flight, climb and descent, vertical and hover performance
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Engines
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Digital
					engine governing
—
					Turbine/piston
					engine evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Handling
					qualities
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Flight
					control characteristics

					— Longitudinal
					static/dynamic stability and control/handling qualities

					— Lateral-directional
					stability and control/ handling qualities

					— ADS
					33

					— Rotor
					assessment with different control powers
—
					Variable
					stability demo flights including High-Order Flight Control
					Systems (HOFCS)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Systems
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
At
					least three different systems, for example:

					— Navigation
					management systems

					— Auto-pilot/AFCS

					— Night-vision
					goggles/electro-optics
—
					Glass
					cockpit evaluation 

</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Height/velocity
					envelope and Engine-Off Landings (EOL), including relights
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Category
					A procedure
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Vibrations
					and rotor adjustments
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Autorotations
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Final
					evaluation exercise (a flight test report should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

7. Competence Level 2 courses for helicopters.

7.1. These courses should include approximately:

a. 150 hours of ground training; and

b. 30 hours of flight training, during which at
least 6 flights should be made without an FTE tutor on board (i.e.
unsupervised);

c. Principles of test management and risk and
safety management should be integrated throughout the course. In
addition, principles and methods applicable to the certification
activity and safety assessments should be taught. A review of the
principles of CRM tailored to the flight test environment should be
included.

7.2. These courses should include instruction on
at least four different aircraft types, of which at least one should
be certified in accordance with CS-29 standards or equivalent
airworthiness codes.

7.3. During the course, the student should be
required to develop at least three substantial flight test reports.

7.4. The student should be evaluated through
examinations on all of the theoretical knowledge subjects, and should
undertake a final in-flight test upon completion of the syllabus.

7.5. Syllabus. The following subjects should be
covered in the course:

<table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0">
<col/>
<col/>
<col/>
<thead>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3" valign="top">
COMPETENCE
					LEVEL 2 — HELICOPTERS
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Theoretical
					knowledge
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Aerodynamics

Stability
					and control/handling qualities

Engines
					and performance

Measurements
					and flight test instrumentation (including telemetry)
Human
					factors
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" rowspan="6" valign="top">
Flight
					test techniques and flight training
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Performance
					

(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Airspeed
					calibration 

—
					Level
					flight, climb and descent, vertical and hover performance 

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Engines
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Digital
					engines governing
—
					Turbine/piston
					engine evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" valign="top">
Handling
					qualities
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
					— Flight
					control characteristics

					— Longitudinal
					static/dynamic stability and control/handling qualities
—
					Lateral-directional
					stability and control/ handling qualities
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
Systems
(at
					least one flight test report should be developed)
</td>
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9">
At
					least three different systems, for example:

					— Navigation
					management systems

					— Auto-pilot/AFCS

					— Night-vision
					goggles/electro-optics
— Glass
					cockpit evaluation
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Vibration
					and rotor adjustments
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td bgcolor="#d9d9d9" colspan="2">
Final
					evaluation exercise (a flight test report should be developed)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

Compare / EASA/ Incorporated Amendments/ Compare & Highlight Differences

AMC No 1 to Appendix XII - Training courses for Lead Flight Test Engineers (LFTEs)

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