Appendix 3 - Training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL

• Regulation (EU) 2021/2227 found in: Aircrew (1178/2011) Part-FCL Part-MED Part-CC Part-ARA Part-ORA Part-DTO (Aug 2023)

Appendix 3 – Training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL Regulation (EU) 2021/2227 1. This appendix describes the requirements for the different types of training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL, with and without an IR. 2. An applicant wishing to transfer to another ATO during a training course shall apply to the competent authority for a formal assessment of the further hours of training required. ##### A. ATP integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1. The aim of the ATP(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(A) knowledge level; (b) visual and instrument flying training; (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot aeroplanes; and (d) UPRT in accordance with FCL.745.A unless applicants have already completed this training course before starting the ATP integrated course.’; 5. Applicants failing or being unable to complete the entire ATP(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An ATP(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7.1. The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction and exercises. 7.2 The theoretical knowledge instruction in UPRT shall be conducted in accordance with FCL.745.A. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 9. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, including all progress tests, of which up to 55 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 95 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 55 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including one VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full-stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; and (d) 5 hours of flight time at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least: (1) 1 hour of cross-country navigation; (2) five solo take-offs; and (3) five solo full-stop landings; (e) UPRT flight instruction in accordance with FCL.745.A; (f) 115 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1) 20 hours as SPIC; (2) 15 hours of MCC, for which an FFS or an FNPT II may be used; (3) 50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i) 25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I; or (ii) 40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, an FTD 2 or an FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited. (g) 5 hours in an aeroplane which: (1) is certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons; and (2) has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TEST 10. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane and the IR skill test on a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### B. ATP modular course – Aeroplanes 1. Applicants for an ATPL(A) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall: (a) hold at least a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; and complete at least the following hours of theoretical knowledge instruction: (1) for applicants holding a PPL(A): 650 hours; (2) for applicants holding a CPL(A): 400 hours; (3) for applicants holding an IR(A): 500 hours; (4) for applicants holding a CPL(A) and an IR(A): 250 hours. The theoretical knowledge instruction shall be completed before the skill test for the ATPL(A) is taken. ##### C. CPL/IR integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(A) and IR(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot single-engine or multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) and IR knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. A CPL(A)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 40 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 40 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (e) 100 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1) 20 hours as SPIC; and (2) 50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i) 25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or (ii) 40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, FTD 2 or FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; and (f) 5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TESTS 10. Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test and the IR skill test on either a multi-engine aeroplane or a single-engine aeroplane. ##### D. CPL integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. A CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEGDE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be as SPIC; (c) 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; (e) 10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, FTD 2, FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (f) 5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least four persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TEST 9. Upon completion of the flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### E. CPL modular course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(A) modular course is to train PPL(A) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2. Before commencing a CPL(A) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3. Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a) have completed 150 hours flight time; including 50 hours as PIC on aeroplanes of which 10 hours shall be cross-country. Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in aeroplanes, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 150 hours of aeroplane flight time in any of the following cases: (1) 20 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a PPL(H); (2) 50 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a CPL(H); (3) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; (4) 20 hours in airships, if applicants hold a PPL(As); (5) 50 hours in airships, if applicants hold a CPL(As). (b) have complied with the prerequisites for the issue of a class or type rating for multi-engine aeroplanes in accordance with Subpart H, if a multi-engine aeroplane is to be used on the skill test. 4. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(A) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO conducting theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An approved CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 8. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 25 hours dual flight instruction, including 10 hours of instrument instruction of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in a BITD, an FNPT I or II, an FTD 2 or an FFS. 9. Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall be credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be credited up to 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time, in which case at least 5 hours dual instrument instruction time shall be given in an aeroplane. Applicants holding a BIR or a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. 10. (a) Applicants with a valid IR shall be given at least 15 hours dual visual flight instruction. (b) Applicants without a night rating aeroplane shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings. 11. At least 5 hours of the flight instruction shall be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons and have a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. EXPERIENCE 12. The applicant for a CPL(A) shall have completed at least 200 hours flight time, including at least: (a) 100 hours as PIC, of which 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, which shall include a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (b) 5 hours of flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (c) 10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (d) 6 hours of flight time shall be completed in a multi-engine aeroplane, if a multi-engine aeroplane is used for the skill test. (e) Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 200 hours flight time, in the following cases: (i) 30 hours in helicopter, if the applicant holds a PPL(H); or (ii) 100 hours in helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(H); or (iii) 30 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (iv) 30 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (v) 60 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). SKILL TEST 13. Upon completion of the flying training and relevant experience requirements the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### F. ATP/IR integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1. The aim of the ATP(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) and IR knowledge level; (b) visual and instrument flying training; and (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) /IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An ATP(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7. The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(H) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 9. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 140 hours of dual instruction, of which: (1) 75 hours visual instruction may include: (i) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS, level C/D, or (ii) 25 hours in a FTD 2,3, or (iii) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (iv) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (2) 50 hours instrument instruction may include: (i) up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II/III, or (ii) 10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT 1 or an aeroplane; (3) 15 hours MCC, for which a helicopter FFS or helicopter FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made. (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (e) 50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time, and (ii) 40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. SKILL TESTS 10. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR certificated multi-engine helicopter and shall comply with the requirements for MCC training. ##### G. ATP integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1. The aim of the ATP(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters limited to VFR privileges in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) knowledge level; (b) visual and basic instrument flying training; and (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An ATP(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 650 hours of instruction. 7. The MCC course shall comprise at least 20 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL (H). FLYING TRAINING 9. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 95 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 75 hours visual instruction may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii) 10 hours basic instrument instruction may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane; (iii) 10 hours MCC, for which a helicopter: helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. SKILL TESTS 10. Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and comply with MCC requirements. ##### H. ATP modular course – Helicopters 1. Applicants for an ATPL(H) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction within a period of 18 months: (a) for applicants holding a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention: 550 hours; (b) for applicants holding a CPL(H): 300 hours. 2. Applicants for an ATPL(H)/IR who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction: (a) for applicants holding a PPL(H): 650 hours; (b) for applicants holding a CPL(H): 400 hours; (c) for applicants holding an IR(H): 500 hours; (d) for applicants holding a CPL(H) and an IR(H): 250 hours. ##### I. CPL/IR integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot multi-engine helicopters and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR multi-engine helicopter. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) and IR knowledge level, and the initial multi-engine helicopter type rating; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H)/IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. A CPL(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours including all progress tests. Within the 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 125 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 75 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii) 50 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1) up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3, or FNPT II,III, or (2) 10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e) 5 hours of flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f) 50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii) 40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. SKILL TEST 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated helicopter. ##### J. CPL integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is the holder of a PPL. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 135 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 135 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 85 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) up to 75 hours may be visual instruction, and may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG. (ii) up to 10 hours may be instrument instruction, and may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b) 50 hours as PIC, of which 35 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f) 10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in a helicopter. SKILL TEST 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### K. CPL modular course – Helicopters GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(H) modular course is to train PPL(H) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2. Before commencing a CPL(H) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3. Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a) have completed 155 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC in helicopters of which 10 hours shall be cross- country. Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in helicopters, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 155 hours of helicopter flight time in any of the following cases: (1) 20 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a PPL(A); (2) 50 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a CPL(A); (3) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; (4) 20 hours in airships if applicants hold a PPL(As); (5) 50 hours in airships if applicants hold a CPL(As); (b) have complied with [FCL.725](#_DxCrossRefBm1199963485) and [FCL.720.H](#_DxCrossRefBm1199963451) if a multi-engine helicopter is to be used on the skill test. 4. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(H) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). FLYING TRAINING 8. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 30 hours dual flight instruction, of which: (a) 20 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and (b) 10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 9. Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in a helicopter. 10. Applicants without a night rating helicopter shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. EXPERIENCE 11. The applicant for a CPL(H) shall have completed at least 185 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC, of which 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made. Hours as pilot-in-command of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases: (a) 20 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a PPL(A); or (b) 50 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a CPL(A); or (c) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d) 20 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (e) 50 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). SKILL TEST 12. Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### L. CPL/IR integrated course – Airships 1. The aim of the CPL(As)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate airships and to obtain the CPL(As)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a) 10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction, if an airship night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) and IR knowledge level, and the initial airship type rating; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. A CPL(As)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 80 hours including all progress tests. Within the 80 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 60 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 30 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1) 12 hours in an airship FFS, or (2) 10 hours in an airship FTD, or (3) 8 hours in an airship FNPT II/III, or (4) 8 hours in an aeroplane, helicopter or TMG; (ii) 30 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1) up to 12 hours in an airship FFS or FTD or FNPT II,III, or (2) 6 hours in at least a airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. If the airship used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to 8 hours. (b) 20 hours as PIC, of which 5 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (e) 30 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii) 20 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated airship. SKILL TEST 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine airship and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated multi-engine airship. ##### M. CPL integrated course – Airships GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(As) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(AS). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a) 10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction if a airship night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6. An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is a PPL holder. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). FLYING TRAINING 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 50 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 50 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 30 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 20 hours as PIC; (c) 5 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (e) 5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (f) 10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in an airship. SKILL TEST 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test. ##### N. CPL modular course – Airships GENERAL 1. The aim of the CPL(As) modular course is to train PPL(As) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(As). 2. Before commencing a CPL(As) modular course an applicant shall: (a) hold a PPL(As) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; (b) have completed 200 hours flight time as a pilot on airships, including 100 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours shall be cross-country. 3. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(As) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 5. An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 6. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). FLYING TRAINING 7. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 20 hours dual flight instruction, of which: — 10 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in an airship FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and — 10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least an airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 8. Applicants holding a valid IR(As) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR in another category of aircraft shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in an airship. 9. Applicants without a night rating airship shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. EXPERIENCE 10. The applicant for a CPL(As) shall have completed at least 250 hours flight time in airships, including 125 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM), in the course of which a full stop landing at destination aerodrome. Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases; (a) 30 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a PPL(A) or PPL(H) respectively; or (b) 60 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(A) or CPL(H) respectively; or (c) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d) 10 hours in balloons. SKILL TEST 11. Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test. Appendix 3 – Training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL Regulation (EU) 2021/2227 1.       This appendix describes the requirements for the different types of training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL, with and without an IR. 2.       An applicant wishing to transfer to another ATO during a training course shall apply to the competent authority for a formal assessment of the further hours of training required. ##### A.              ATP integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1.       The aim of the ATP(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(A) knowledge level; (b)     visual and instrument flying training; (c)      training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot aeroplanes; and (d)     UPRT in accordance with FCL.745.A unless applicants have already completed this training course before starting the ATP integrated course.’; 5.       Applicants failing or being unable to complete the entire ATP(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An ATP(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7.1.    The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction and exercises. 7.2     The theoretical knowledge instruction in UPRT shall be conducted in accordance with FCL.745.A. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8.       An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 9.       The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, including all progress tests, of which up to 55 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      95 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 55 hours may be instrument ground time; (b)     70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c)      50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including one VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full-stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; and (d)     5 hours of flight time at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least: (1)     1 hour of cross-country navigation; (2)     five solo take-offs; and (3)     five solo full-stop landings; (e)     UPRT flight instruction in accordance with FCL.745.A; (f)      115 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1)     20 hours as SPIC; (2)     15 hours of MCC, for which an FFS or an FNPT II may be used; (3)     50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i)      25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I; or (ii)     40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, an FTD 2 or an FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited. (g)      5 hours in an aeroplane which: (1)     is certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons; and (2)     has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TEST 10.     Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane and the IR skill test on a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### B.              ATP modular course – Aeroplanes 1.       Applicants for an ATPL(A) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall: (a)      hold at least a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; and complete at least the following hours of theoretical knowledge instruction: (1)     for applicants holding a PPL(A): 650 hours; (2)     for applicants holding a CPL(A): 400 hours; (3)     for applicants holding an IR(A): 500 hours; (4)     for applicants holding a CPL(A) and an IR(A): 250 hours. The theoretical knowledge instruction shall be completed before the skill test for the ATPL(A) is taken. ##### C.              CPL/IR integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(A) and IR(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot single-engine or multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) and IR knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       A CPL(A)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 40 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 40 hours may be instrument ground time; (b)     70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c)      50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d)     5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (e)     100 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1)     20 hours as SPIC; and (2)     50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i)      25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or (ii)     40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, FTD 2 or FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; and (f)      5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TESTS 10.     Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test and the IR skill test on either a multi-engine aeroplane or a single-engine aeroplane. ##### D.              CPL integrated course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       A CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEGDE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b)     70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be as SPIC; (c)      20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d)     5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; (e)     10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, FTD 2, FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (f)      5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least four persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. SKILL TEST 9.       Upon completion of the flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### E.              CPL modular course – Aeroplanes GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(A) modular course is to train PPL(A) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2.       Before commencing a CPL(A) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3.       Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a)      have completed 150 hours flight time; including 50 hours as PIC on aeroplanes of which 10 hours shall be cross-country.          Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in aeroplanes, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 150 hours of aeroplane flight time in any of the following cases: (1)     20 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a PPL(H); (2)     50 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a CPL(H); (3)     10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; (4)     20 hours in airships, if applicants hold a PPL(As); (5)     50 hours in airships, if applicants hold a CPL(As). (b)     have complied with the prerequisites for the issue of a class or type rating for multi-engine aeroplanes in accordance with Subpart H, if a multi-engine aeroplane is to be used on the skill test. 4.       An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(A) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO conducting theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An approved CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). FLYING TRAINING 8.       Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 25 hours dual flight instruction, including 10 hours of instrument instruction of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in a BITD, an FNPT I or II, an FTD 2 or an FFS. 9.       Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall be credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be credited up to 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time, in which case at least 5 hours dual instrument instruction time shall be given in an aeroplane. Applicants holding a BIR or a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. 10.     (a)      Applicants with a valid IR shall be given at least 15 hours dual visual flight instruction. (b)     Applicants without a night rating aeroplane shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings. 11.     At least 5 hours of the flight instruction shall be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons and have a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. EXPERIENCE 12.     The applicant for a CPL(A) shall have completed at least 200 hours flight time, including at least: (a)      100 hours as PIC, of which 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, which shall include a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (b)     5 hours of flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (c)      10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (d)     6 hours of flight time shall be completed in a multi-engine aeroplane, if a multi-engine aeroplane is used for the skill test. (e)     Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 200 hours flight time, in the following cases: (i)      30 hours in helicopter, if the applicant holds a PPL(H); or (ii)     100 hours in helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(H); or (iii)     30 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (iv)     30 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (v)      60 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). SKILL TEST 13.     Upon completion of the flying training and relevant experience requirements the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### F.              ATP/IR integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1.       The aim of the ATP(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR. 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a)      40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) and IR knowledge level; (b)     visual and instrument flying training; and (c)      training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) /IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An ATP(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7.       The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8.       An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(H) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 9.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      140 hours of dual instruction, of which: (1)     75 hours visual instruction may include: (i)      30 hours in a helicopter FFS, level C/D, or (ii)     25 hours in a FTD 2,3, or (iii)     20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (iv)     20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (2)     50 hours instrument instruction may include: (i)      up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II/III, or (ii)     10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT 1 or an aeroplane; (3)     15 hours MCC, for which a helicopter FFS or helicopter FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b)     55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made. (c)      50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d)     5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (e)     50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i)      10 hours basic instrument instruction time, and (ii)     40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. SKILL TESTS 10.     Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR certificated multi-engine helicopter and shall comply with the requirements for MCC training. ##### G.              ATP integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1.       The aim of the ATP(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters limited to VFR privileges in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H). 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a)      40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) knowledge level; (b)     visual and basic instrument flying training; and (c)      training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An ATP(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 650 hours of instruction. 7.       The MCC course shall comprise at least 20 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 8.       An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL (H). FLYING TRAINING 9.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      95 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i)      75 hours visual instruction may include: (1)     30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2)     25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3)     20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4)     20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii)     10 hours basic instrument instruction may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane; (iii)     10 hours MCC, for which a helicopter: helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b)     55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c)      50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d)     5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. SKILL TESTS 10.     Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and comply with MCC requirements. ##### H.              ATP modular course – Helicopters 1.       Applicants for an ATPL(H) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction within a period of 18 months: (a)      for applicants holding a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention: 550 hours; (b)     for applicants holding a CPL(H): 300 hours. 2.       Applicants for an ATPL(H)/IR who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction: (a)      for applicants holding a PPL(H): 650 hours; (b)     for applicants holding a CPL(H): 400 hours; (c)      for applicants holding an IR(H): 500 hours; (d)     for applicants holding a CPL(H) and an IR(H): 250 hours. ##### I.               CPL/IR integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot multi-engine helicopters and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR multi-engine helicopter. 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a)      40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) and IR knowledge level, and the initial multi-engine helicopter type rating; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H)/IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       A CPL(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours including all progress tests. Within the 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      125 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i)      75 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1)     30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2)     25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3)     20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4)     20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii)     50 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1)     up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3, or FNPT II,III, or (2)     10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b)     55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c)      10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d)     10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e)     5 hours of flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f)      50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i)      10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii)     40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. SKILL TEST 9.       Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated helicopter. ##### J.               CPL integrated course – Helicopters GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a)      40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is the holder of a PPL. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 135 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 135 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      85 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i)      up to 75 hours may be visual instruction, and may include: (1)     30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2)     25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3)     20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4)     20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG. (ii)     up to 10 hours may be instrument instruction, and may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b)     50 hours as PIC, of which 35 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c)      10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d)     10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e)     5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f)      10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in a helicopter. SKILL TEST 9.       Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### K.              CPL modular course – Helicopters GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(H) modular course is to train PPL(H) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2.       Before commencing a CPL(H) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3.       Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a)      have completed 155 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC in helicopters of which 10 hours shall be cross- country.                    Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in helicopters, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 155 hours of helicopter flight time in any of the following cases:                    (1)     20 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a PPL(A);                    (2)     50 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a CPL(A);                    (3)     10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes;                    (4)     20 hours in airships if applicants hold a PPL(As);                    (5)     50 hours in airships if applicants hold a CPL(As); (b)     have complied with [FCL.725](#_DxCrossRefBm894735628) and [FCL.720.H](#_DxCrossRefBm894735595) if a multi-engine helicopter is to be used on the skill test. 4.       An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(H) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). FLYING TRAINING 8.       Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 30 hours dual flight instruction, of which: (a)      20 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and (b)     10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 9.       Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in a helicopter. 10.     Applicants without a night rating helicopter shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. EXPERIENCE 11.     The applicant for a CPL(H) shall have completed at least 185 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC, of which 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made. Hours as pilot-in-command of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases: (a)      20 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a PPL(A); or (b)     50 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a CPL(A); or (c)      10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d)     20 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (e)     50 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). SKILL TEST 12.     Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### L.              CPL/IR integrated course – Airships 1.       The aim of the CPL(As)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate airships and to obtain the CPL(As)/IR. 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a)      10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction, if an airship night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) and IR knowledge level, and the initial airship type rating; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       A CPL(As)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As) and an IR. FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 80 hours including all progress tests. Within the 80 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      60 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i)      30 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1)     12 hours in an airship FFS, or (2)     10 hours in an airship FTD, or (3)     8 hours in an airship FNPT II/III, or (4)     8 hours in an aeroplane, helicopter or TMG; (ii)     30 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1)     up to 12 hours in an airship FFS or FTD or FNPT II,III, or (2)     6 hours in at least a airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. If the airship used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to 8 hours. (b)     20 hours as PIC, of which 5 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c)      5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (d)     5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (e)     30 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i)      10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii)     20 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated airship. SKILL TEST 9.       Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine airship and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated multi-engine airship. ##### M.             CPL integrated course – Airships GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(As) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(AS). 2.       An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3.       An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a)      10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b)     15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction if a airship night rating has been obtained. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. 5.       An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 6.       An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is a PPL holder. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 7.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). FLYING TRAINING 8.       The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 50 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 50 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a)      30 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b)     20 hours as PIC; (c)      5 hours dual cross-country flying; (d)     5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (e)     5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (f)      10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in an airship. SKILL TEST 9.       Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test. ##### N.              CPL modular course – Airships GENERAL 1.       The aim of the CPL(As) modular course is to train PPL(As) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(As). 2.       Before commencing a CPL(As) modular course an applicant shall: (a)      hold a PPL(As) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; (b)     have completed 200 hours flight time as a pilot on airships, including 100 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours shall be cross-country. 3.       An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(As) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 4.       The course shall comprise: (a)      theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b)     visual and instrument flying training. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE 5.       An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION 6.       An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). FLYING TRAINING 7.       Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 20 hours dual flight instruction, of which: — 10 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in an airship FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and — 10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least an airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 8.       Applicants holding a valid IR(As) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR in another category of aircraft shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in an airship. 9.       Applicants without a night rating airship shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. EXPERIENCE 10.     The applicant for a CPL(As) shall have completed at least 250 hours flight time in airships, including 125 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM), in the course of which a full stop landing at destination aerodrome. Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases; (a)      30 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a PPL(A) or PPL(H) respectively; or (b)     60 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(A) or CPL(H) respectively; or (c)      10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d)     10 hours in balloons. SKILL TEST 11.     Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test. #### Appendix 3 – Training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL *Regulation (EU) 2021/2227* 1. This appendix describes the requirements for the different types of training courses for the issue of a CPL and an ATPL, with and without an IR. 2. An applicant wishing to transfer to another ATO during a training course shall apply to the competent authority for a formal assessment of the further hours of training required. ##### **A. ATP integrated course – Aeroplanes** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the ATP(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(A) knowledge level; (b) visual and instrument flying training; (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot aeroplanes; and (d) UPRT in accordance with FCL.745.A unless applicants have already completed this training course before starting the ATP integrated course.’; 5. Applicants failing or being unable to complete the entire ATP(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An ATP(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7.1. The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction and exercises. 7.2 The theoretical knowledge instruction in UPRT shall be conducted in accordance with FCL.745.A. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(A). **FLYING TRAINING** 9. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, including all progress tests, of which up to 55 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 95 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 55 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including one VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full-stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; and (d) 5 hours of flight time at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least: (1) 1 hour of cross-country navigation; (2) five solo take-offs; and (3) five solo full-stop landings; (e) UPRT flight instruction in accordance with FCL.745.A; (f) 115 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1) 20 hours as SPIC; (2) 15 hours of MCC, for which an FFS or an FNPT II may be used; (3) 50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i) 25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I; or (ii) 40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, an FTD 2 or an FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited. (g) 5 hours in an aeroplane which: (1) is certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons; and (2) has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. **SKILL TEST** 10. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane and the IR skill test on a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### **B. ATP modular course – Aeroplanes** 1. Applicants for an ATPL(A) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall: (a) hold at least a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; and complete at least the following hours of theoretical knowledge instruction: (1) for applicants holding a PPL(A): 650 hours; (2) for applicants holding a CPL(A): 400 hours; (3) for applicants holding an IR(A): 500 hours; (4) for applicants holding a CPL(A) and an IR(A): 250 hours. The theoretical knowledge instruction shall be completed before the skill test for the ATPL(A) is taken. ##### **C. CPL/IR integrated course – Aeroplanes** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(A) and IR(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot single-engine or multi-engine aeroplanes in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(A)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) and IR knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. A CPL(A)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A) and an IR. **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 40 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 40 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be SPIC. The instrument flight time as SPIC shall only be counted as PIC flight time up to a maximum of 20 hours; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (e) 100 hours of instrument time comprising, at least: (1) 20 hours as SPIC; and (2) 50 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to: (i) 25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or (ii) 40 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT II, FTD 2 or FFS, of which up to 10 hours may be conducted in an FNPT I. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; and (f) 5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. **SKILL TESTS** 10. Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test and the IR skill test on either a multi-engine aeroplane or a single-engine aeroplane. ##### **D. CPL integrated course – Aeroplanes** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(A) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(A) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(A) or PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the hours flown prior to the course shall be credited, up to a maximum of 40 hours flying experience, or 45 hours if an aeroplane night rating has been obtained, of which up to 20 hours may count towards the requirement for dual instruction flight time. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(A) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. A CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEGDE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training, not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 80 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 70 hours as PIC, of which up to 55 hours may be as SPIC; (c) 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; (e) 10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, FTD 2, FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (f) 5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least four persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. **SKILL TEST** 9. Upon completion of the flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### **E. CPL modular course – Aeroplanes** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(A) modular course is to train PPL(A) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(A). 2. Before commencing a CPL(A) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(A) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3. Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a) have completed 150 hours flight time; including 50 hours as PIC on aeroplanes of which 10 hours shall be cross-country. Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in aeroplanes, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 150 hours of aeroplane flight time in any of the following cases: (1) 20 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a PPL(H); (2) 50 hours in helicopters, if applicants hold a CPL(H); (3) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; (4) 20 hours in airships, if applicants hold a PPL(As); (5) 50 hours in airships, if applicants hold a CPL(As). (b) have complied with the prerequisites for the issue of a class or type rating for multi-engine aeroplanes in accordance with Subpart H, if a multi-engine aeroplane is to be used on the skill test. 4. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(A) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO conducting theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(A) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An approved CPL(A) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(A). **FLYING TRAINING** 8. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 25 hours dual flight instruction, including 10 hours of instrument instruction of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in a BITD, an FNPT I or II, an FTD 2 or an FFS. 9. Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall be credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be credited up to 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time, in which case at least 5 hours dual instrument instruction time shall be given in an aeroplane. Applicants holding a BIR or a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. 10. (a) Applicants with a valid IR shall be given at least 15 hours dual visual flight instruction. (b) Applicants without a night rating aeroplane shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings. 11. At least 5 hours of the flight instruction shall be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least 4 persons and have a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear. **EXPERIENCE** 12. The applicant for a CPL(A) shall have completed at least 200 hours flight time, including at least: (a) 100 hours as PIC, of which 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, which shall include a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (b) 5 hours of flight time shall be completed at night, comprising 3 hours of dual instruction, which shall include at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo take-offs and 5 solo full stop landings; and (c) 10 hours of instrument flight instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or FNPT II or FFS. Applicants holding a BIR or a course completion certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours towards the required instrument instruction time. Hours done in a BITD shall not be credited; (d) 6 hours of flight time shall be completed in a multi-engine aeroplane, if a multi-engine aeroplane is used for the skill test. (e) Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 200 hours flight time, in the following cases: (i) 30 hours in helicopter, if the applicant holds a PPL(H); or (ii) 100 hours in helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(H); or (iii) 30 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (iv) 30 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (v) 60 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). **SKILL TEST** 13. Upon completion of the flying training and relevant experience requirements the applicant shall take the CPL(A) skill test on either a single-engine or a multi-engine aeroplane. ##### **F. ATP/IR integrated course – Helicopters** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the ATP(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) and IR knowledge level; (b) visual and instrument flying training; and (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) /IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An ATP(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction. 7. The MCC course shall comprise at least 25 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL(H) and an IR. **FLYING TRAINING** 9. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 195 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 195 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 140 hours of dual instruction, of which: (1) 75 hours visual instruction may include: (i) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS, level C/D, or (ii) 25 hours in a FTD 2,3, or (iii) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (iv) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (2) 50 hours instrument instruction may include: (i) up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II/III, or (ii) 10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT 1 or an aeroplane; (3) 15 hours MCC, for which a helicopter FFS or helicopter FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made. (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (e) 50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time, and (ii) 40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. **SKILL TESTS** 10. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR certificated multi-engine helicopter and shall comply with the requirements for MCC training. ##### **G. ATP integrated course – Helicopters** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the ATP(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot on multi-pilot multi-engine helicopters limited to VFR privileges in commercial air transport and to obtain the CPL(H). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake an ATP(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of a PPL(H) entrant, 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(H) knowledge level; (b) visual and basic instrument flying training; and (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot helicopters. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire ATP(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An ATP(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 650 hours of instruction. 7. The MCC course shall comprise at least 20 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction exercises. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 8. An applicant shall demonstrate the level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL (H). **FLYING TRAINING** 9. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all progress tests. Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 95 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 75 hours visual instruction may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii) 10 hours basic instrument instruction may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane; (iii) 10 hours MCC, for which a helicopter: helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3(MCC) or FNPT II/III(MCC) may be used. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the helicopter FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the helicopter FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 50 hours of cross-country flight, including at least 10 hours of cross-country flight as SPIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. **SKILL TESTS** 10. Upon completion of the related flying training the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on a multi-engine helicopter and comply with MCC requirements. ##### **H. ATP modular course – Helicopters** 1. Applicants for an ATPL(H) who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction within a period of 18 months: (a) for applicants holding a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention: 550 hours; (b) for applicants holding a CPL(H): 300 hours. 2. Applicants for an ATPL(H)/IR who complete their theoretical knowledge instruction at a modular course shall hold at least a PPL(H) and complete at least the following hours of instruction: (a) for applicants holding a PPL(H): 650 hours; (b) for applicants holding a CPL(H): 400 hours; (c) for applicants holding an IR(H): 500 hours; (d) for applicants holding a CPL(H) and an IR(H): 250 hours. ##### **I. CPL/IR integrated course – Helicopters** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(H)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate single-pilot multi-engine helicopters and to obtain the CPL(H)/IR multi-engine helicopter. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction, if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) and IR knowledge level, and the initial multi-engine helicopter type rating; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H)/IR course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. A CPL(H)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H) and an IR. **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 180 hours including all progress tests. Within the 180 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 125 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 75 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG; (ii) 50 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1) up to 20 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3, or FNPT II,III, or (2) 10 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b) 55 hours as PIC, of which 40 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e) 5 hours of flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f) 50 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii) 40 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated helicopter. **SKILL TEST** 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine helicopter and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated helicopter. ##### **J. CPL integrated course – Helicopters** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(H) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(H) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(H), 50% of the relevant experience shall be credited, up to a maximum of: (a) 40 hours, of which up to 20 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 50 hours, of which up to 25 hours may be dual instruction if a helicopter night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(H) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is the holder of a PPL. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 135 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 135 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 85 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) up to 75 hours may be visual instruction, and may include: (1) 30 hours in a helicopter FFS level C/D, or (2) 25 hours in a helicopter FTD 2,3, or (3) 20 hours in a helicopter FNPT II/III, or (4) 20 hours in an aeroplane or TMG. (ii) up to 10 hours may be instrument instruction, and may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FNPT I or an aeroplane. If the helicopter used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to that allocated for the FNPT II/III. (b) 50 hours as PIC, of which 35 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 10 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM) in the course of which full stop landings at two different aerodromes from the aerodrome of departure shall be made; (e) 5 hours flight time in helicopters shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing; (f) 10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in a helicopter. **SKILL TEST** 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### **K. CPL modular course – Helicopters** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(H) modular course is to train PPL(H) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(H). 2. Before commencing a CPL(H) modular course an applicant shall be the holder of a PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. 3. Before commencing the flight training the applicant shall: (a) have completed 155 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC in helicopters of which 10 hours shall be cross- country. Except for the requirement of 50 hours as PIC in helicopters, hours as PIC in other categories of aircraft may account for the 155 hours of helicopter flight time in any of the following cases: (1) 20 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a PPL(A); (2) 50 hours in aeroplanes if applicants hold a CPL(A); (3) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; (4) 20 hours in airships if applicants hold a PPL(As); (5) 50 hours in airships if applicants hold a CPL(As); (b) have complied with [FCL.725](#_DxCrossRefBm1743303282) and [FCL.720.H](#_DxCrossRefBm1743303247) if a multi-engine helicopter is to be used on the skill test. 4. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(H) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 5. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(H) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An approved CPL(H) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(H). **FLYING TRAINING** 8. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 30 hours dual flight instruction, of which: (a) 20 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in a helicopter FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and (b) 10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least a helicopter FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 9. Applicants holding a valid IR(H) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR(A) shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in a helicopter. 10. Applicants without a night rating helicopter shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. **EXPERIENCE** 11. The applicant for a CPL(H) shall have completed at least 185 hours flight time, including 50 hours as PIC, of which 10 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM), in the course of which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made. Hours as pilot-in-command of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases: (a) 20 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a PPL(A); or (b) 50 hours in aeroplanes, if the applicant holds a CPL(A); or (c) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d) 20 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a PPL(As); or (e) 50 hours in airships, if the applicant holds a CPL(As). **SKILL TEST** 12. Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(H) skill test. ##### **L. CPL/IR integrated course – Airships** 1. The aim of the CPL(As)/IR integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate airships and to obtain the CPL(As)/IR. 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As)/IR integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a) 10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction, if an airship night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) and IR knowledge level, and the initial airship type rating; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL/IR(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. A CPL(As)/IR theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 500 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As) and an IR. **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 80 hours including all progress tests. Within the 80 hours, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 60 hours of dual instruction, of which: (i) 30 hours visual instruction, which may include: (1) 12 hours in an airship FFS, or (2) 10 hours in an airship FTD, or (3) 8 hours in an airship FNPT II/III, or (4) 8 hours in an aeroplane, helicopter or TMG; (ii) 30 hours instrument instruction which may include: (1) up to 12 hours in an airship FFS or FTD or FNPT II,III, or (2) 6 hours in at least a airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. If the airship used for the flying training is of a different type from the FFS used for the visual training, the maximum credit shall be limited to 8 hours. (b) 20 hours as PIC, of which 5 hours may be as SPIC. At least 14 hours solo day and 1 hour solo night shall be made; (c) 5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (d) 5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (e) 30 hours of dual instrument time comprising: (i) 10 hours basic instrument instruction time; and (ii) 20 hours IR Training, which shall include at least 10 hours in a multi-engine IFR-certificated airship. **SKILL TEST** 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test on either a multi-engine or a single-engine airship and the IR skill test on an IFR-certificated multi-engine airship. ##### **M. CPL integrated course – Airships** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(As) integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(AS). 2. An applicant wishing to undertake a CPL(As) integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. 3. An applicant may be admitted to training either as an ab-initio entrant, or as a holder of a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention. In the case of an entrant holding a PPL(As), PPL(A) or PPL(H) shall be credited up to a maximum of: (a) 10 hours, of which up to 5 hours may be dual instruction; or (b) 15 hours, of which up to 7 hours may be dual instruction if a airship night rating has been obtained. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. 5. An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire CPL(As) course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges, if the applicable requirements are met. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 6. An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 350 hours of instruction or 200 hours if the applicant is a PPL holder. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 7. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). **FLYING TRAINING** 8. The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 50 hours, to include all progress tests, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time. Within the 50 hours total, applicants shall complete at least: (a) 30 hours of dual instruction, of which up to 5 hours may be instrument ground time; (b) 20 hours as PIC; (c) 5 hours dual cross-country flying; (d) 5 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM) in the course of which two full stop landings at the destination aerodrome shall be made; (e) 5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing; (f) 10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in an airship. **SKILL TEST** 9. Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test. ##### **N. CPL modular course – Airships** **GENERAL** 1. The aim of the CPL(As) modular course is to train PPL(As) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(As). 2. Before commencing a CPL(As) modular course an applicant shall: (a) hold a PPL(As) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention; (b) have completed 200 hours flight time as a pilot on airships, including 100 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours shall be cross-country. 3. An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(As) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only. 4. The course shall comprise: (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and (b) visual and instrument flying training. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE** 5. An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction. **THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION** 6. An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As). **FLYING TRAINING** 7. Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 20 hours dual flight instruction, of which: — 10 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in an airship FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II,III; and — 10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least an airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane. 8. Applicants holding a valid IR(As) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR in another category of aircraft shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in an airship. 9. Applicants without a night rating airship shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing. **EXPERIENCE** 10. The applicant for a CPL(As) shall have completed at least 250 hours flight time in airships, including 125 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM), in the course of which a full stop landing at destination aerodrome. Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases; (a) 30 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a PPL(A) or PPL(H) respectively; or (b) 60 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(A) or CPL(H) respectively; or (c) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or (d) 10 hours in balloons. **SKILL TEST** 11. Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test.