SUBJECT 081 - PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT - AEROPLANES

• ED Decision 2020/018/R found in: Aircrew (1178/2011) Part-FCL Part-MED Part-CC Part-ARA Part-ORA Part-DTO (Dec 2024)

SUBJECT 081 – PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT – AEROPLANES ED Decision 2020/018/R (1)     The following standard symbols and their corresponding meanings are used for certain mathematical operations: \*                          multiplication ≥                          greater than or equal to ≤                          less than or equal to SQRT(…)      square root of the function, symbol or number in round brackets (2)     Normally, it should be assumed that the effect of a variable under review is the only variation that needs to be addressed, unless specifically stated otherwise. (3)     Candidates are expected in simple calculations to be able to convert knots (kt) into metres/second (m/s), and know the appropriate conversion factors by heart. (4)     In the subsonic range, as covered under Subject 081 01, compressibility effects normally are not considered, unless specifically mentioned. (5)     For those questions related to propellers (Subject 081 07), as a simplification of the physical reality, the inflow speed into the propeller plane is taken as the aeroplane’s true airspeed (TAS). (6)     In addition, when discussing propeller rotational direction, it will always be specified as seen from behind the propeller plane. (7)     Note that the term ‘mass’ is used to describe a quantity of matter, and ‘weight’ when describing the force. However, the term ‘weight’ is normally used in aviation to colloquially describe ‘mass’. The professional pilot should always note the units to determine whether the term ‘weight’ is being used to describe a force (e.g. unit newton) or quantity of matter (e.g. unit kilogram). <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="929"> <thead> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="85"> <p><b>Syllabus reference</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" width="32"> <p><b>BK</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" width="283"> <p><b>Syllabus details and associated Learning Objectives</b></p> </td> <td colspan="2" width="99"> <p><b>Aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td colspan="3" width="153"> <p><b>Helicopter</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" width="27"> <p><b>IR</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" width="80"> <p><b>CB-IR(A) </b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="45"> <p><b>BIR Exam</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="47"> <p><b>BIR BK</b></p> </td> <td rowspan="2" width="78"> <p><b>Remarks</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="54"> <p><b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td width="45"> <p><b>CPL</b></p> </td> <td width="63"> <p><b>ATPL/IR</b></p> </td> <td width="45"> <p><b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td width="45"> <p><b>CPL</b></p> </td> </tr> </thead> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>080 00 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 00 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT — AEROPLANES</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>SUBSONIC AERODYNAMICS</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Basics, laws and definitions</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 01 01 </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Laws and definitions</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the international system of units of measurement (SI) for mass, acceleration, weight, velocity, energy, density, temperature, pressure, force, wing loading, and power.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘mass’, ‘force’, ‘acceleration’, and ‘weight’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State and interpret Newton’s three laws of motion.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain air density.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the atmospheric properties that effect air density.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how temperature and pressure changes affect air density.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘static pressure’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘dynamic pressure’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the formula for ‘dynamic pressure’. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe dynamic pressure in terms of an indication of the energy in the system, and how it is related to indicated airspeed (IAS) and air density for a given altitude and speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible flow. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘total pressure’ and explain that the total pressure differs in different systems.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Apply Bernoulli’s equation to flow through a venturi stream tube for incompressible flow.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how IAS is acquired from the pitot static system.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between density, temperature, and pressure for air. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(16)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the equation of continuity and its application to the flow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(17)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘IAS’, ‘CAS’, ‘EAS’, and ‘TAS’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Basics of airflow</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe steady and unsteady airflow. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the concept of a streamline and a stream tube.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain airflow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the difference between two- and three‑dimensional airflow.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Aerodynamic forces on aerofoils </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the originating point and direction of the resultant force caused by the pressure distribution around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Resolve the resultant force into the components ‘lift’ and ‘drag’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the direction of lift and drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘aerodynamic moment’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the factors that affect the aerodynamic moment.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the aerodynamic moment for a symmetrical aerofoil.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the aerodynamic moment for a positively and negatively cambered aerofoil. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘angle of attack’ (a).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Shape of an aerofoil section</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: leading edge.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: trailing edge.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> chord line. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: thickness-to-chord ratio or relative thickness.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: location of maximum thickness.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber line.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> nose radius.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe a symmetrical and an asymmetrical aerofoil section.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 01 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Wing shape</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: span.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: tip and root chord.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: taper ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing area.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing planform.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean geometric chord.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean aerodynamic chord (MAC).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: dihedral angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: sweep angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing twist, geometric and aerodynamic.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: angle of incidence.</p> <p><i>Remark: In certain textbooks, angle of incidence is used as angle of attack (α). For Part-FCL theoretical knowledge examination purposes, this use is discontinued, and the angle of incidence is defined as the angle between the aeroplane longitudinal axis and the wing-root chord line.</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Two-dimensional airflow around an aerofoil</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Streamline pattern</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the streamline pattern around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe converging and diverging streamlines, and their effect on static pressure and velocity.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe upwash and downwash.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Stagnation point</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the stagnation point.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the movement of the stagnation point as the α changes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Pressure distribution</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe pressure distribution and local speeds around an aerofoil including effects of camber and α. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Intentionally left blank</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Centre of pressure (CP) and aerodynamic centre (AC)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain CP and AC.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Drag and wake</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List two physical phenomena that cause drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe skin friction drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe form (pressure) drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why drag and wake cause loss of energy (momentum).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 07</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Influence of angle of attack (α)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of α on lift.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 08</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 02 09</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The lift coefficient (C_L) – angle of attack (</i><i>a) graph</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the C_L–α graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the significant points: </p> <p align="left">—          point where the curve crosses the horizontal axis (zero lift);</p> <p align="left">—          point where the curve crosses the vertical axis (α = 0);</p> <p align="left">—          point where the curve reaches its maximum (C_LMAX).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Coefficients</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>General use of coefficients</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why coefficients are used in general.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The lift coefficient (C_L) </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the lift formula, the factors that affect lift, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of camber on the C_L–a graph (symmetrical and positively/negatively cambered aerofoils).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the typical difference in the C_L–a graph for fast and slow aerofoil design.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘C_LMAX’ (maximum lift coefficient) and ‘a_CRIT’ (stalling a) on the graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe C_L and explain the variables that affect it in low subsonic flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 03 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Drag </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the two-dimensional drag formula.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect of the shape of a body, cross‑sectional area, and surface roughness on the drag coefficient.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Three-dimensional airflow around an aeroplane</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 04 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Angle of attack (α)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘angle of attack’ (α).</p> <p><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the angle-of-attack definition requires a reference line. This reference line for 3D has been chosen to be the longitudinal axis and for 2D the chord line.</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the difference between the α and the attitude of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 04 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Streamline pattern</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the general streamline pattern around the wing, tail section, and fuselage.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain and describe the causes of spanwise flow over top and bottom surfaces.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe wing tip vortices and their contribution to downwash behind the wing.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why wing tip vortices vary with α.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe spanwise lift distribution including the effect of wing planform.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the causes, distribution and duration of the wake turbulence behind an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of flap deflection on the wing tip vortex.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the parameters that influence wake turbulence.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 04 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Induced drag</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the factors that cause induced drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the approximate formula for the induced drag coefficient (including variables but excluding constants).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between induced drag and total drag in straight and level flight with variable speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of mass on induced drag at a given IAS.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the means to reduce induced drag:</p> <p align="left">—          aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left">—          winglets;</p> <p align="left">—          tip tanks;</p> <p align="left">—          wing twist;</p> <p align="left">—          camber change.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of lift distribution on induced drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of downwash on the effective airflow.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain induced and effective local α.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the induced α on the direction of the lift vector.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between induced drag and:</p> <p align="left">—          speed;</p> <p align="left">—          aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left">—          wing planform;</p> <p align="left">—          bank angle in a horizontal coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the induced drag coefficient and its relationship with the lift coefficient and aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of induced drag on:</p> <p align="left">—          the CL–α graph, and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low‑aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left">—          the C_L–C_D (aeroplane polar), and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low-aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left">—          the parabolic aeroplane polar in a graph and as a formula [C_D = C_PD + kC_L²], where C_D = coefficient of drag and <br/> C_PD = coefficient of parasite drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the C_L–C_D graph (polar).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Indicate minimum drag on the graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the C_L–C_D ratio is important as a measure of performance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(16)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 05 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Total drag</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Total drag in relation to parasite drag and induced drag</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that total drag consists of parasite drag and induced drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Parasite drag</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the types of drag that are included in parasite drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe form (pressure) drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe interference drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe friction drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Parasite drag and speed</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between parasite drag and speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Induced drag and speed </i></p> <p><i>(Refer to 081 01 04 03) </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Total drag </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the total drag–speed graph and the constituent drag components.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Indicate the speed for minimum drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 05 07</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Variables affecting the total drag–speed graph</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of aeroplane gross mass on the graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of pressure altitude on:</p> <p align="left">—          drag–IAS graph;</p> <p align="left">—          drag–TAS graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe speed stability from the graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe non-stable, neutral, and stable IAS regions.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain what happens to the IAS and drag in the non-stable region if speed suddenly decreases and why this could occur.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 06 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Ground effect</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 06 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Influence of ground effect </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of ground effect on wing tip vortices, downwash, airflow pattern, lift, and drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of ground effect on induced a and the coefficient of induced drag (C_Di).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of entering and leaving ground effect.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 06 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on stalling angle of attack (α_CRIT)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of ground effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 06 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on lift coefficient (C_L)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of ground effect on the effective a and C_L.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 06 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on take-off and landing characteristics of an aeroplane</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of ground effect on take‑off and landing characteristics and performance of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the difference in take-off and landing characteristics of high- and low-wing aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 07 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>The relationship between lift coefficient and speed in steady, straight, and level flight</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 07 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Represented by an equation</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect on C_L during speed increase/decrease in steady, straight, and level flight, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 07 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Represented by a graph</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain, by using a graph, the effect on speed of C_L changes at a given weight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 08 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Intentionally left blank</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 09 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>CLMAX augmentation</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 09 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Trailing-edge flaps and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the following types of trailing-edge flaps:</p> <p align="left">—          split flaps;</p> <p align="left">—          plain flaps;</p> <p align="left">—          slotted flaps;</p> <p align="left">—          Fowler flaps.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases the C_L and C_D, and the reasons why this can be beneficial.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe their effect on:</p> <p align="left">—          the location of CP;</p> <p align="left">—          pitching moments (due to wing CP movement);</p> <p align="left">—          stall speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph:</p> <p align="left">—          indicate the variation in C_L at any given a;</p> <p align="left">—          indicate their effect on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left">—          indicate their effect on critical a;</p> <p align="left">—          indicate their effect on the a at a given C_L.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph:</p> <p align="left">—          indicate how the (C_L/C_D)_MAX differs from that of a clean wing.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of trailing-edge flap deflection on the glide angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe flap asymmetry:</p> <p align="left">—          explain the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe trailing-edge flap effect on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left">—          explain the advantages of lower-nose attitudes;</p> <p align="left">—          explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of flap-setting errors, such as mis-selection and premature/late extension or retraction of flaps, on:</p> <p align="left">—          take-off and landing distance and speeds;</p> <p align="left">—          climb and descent performance; </p> <p align="left">—          stall buffet margins.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 09 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Leading-edge devices and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the different types of leading-edge high‑lift devices:</p> <p align="left">—          Krueger flaps;</p> <p align="left">—          variable camber flaps;</p> <p align="left">—          slats.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the function of the slot.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases with a leading-edge flap.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of leading-edge flaps on the stall speed, also in comparison with trailing-edge flaps.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph, compared with trailing-edge flaps and a clean wing:</p> <p align="left">—          indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left">—          explain how the C_L curve differs from that of a clean wing;</p> <p align="left">—          indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe slat asymmetry:</p> <p>–            describe the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the reasons for using leading-edge high‑lift devices on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left">—          explain the disadvantage of increased nose-up attitudes;</p> <p align="left">—          explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 09 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Vortex generators</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the purpose of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the basic operating principle of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State their advantages and disadvantages.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 10 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Means to reduce the C_L–C_D ratio</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 10 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Spoilers and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the aerodynamic functioning of spoilers:</p> <p>—          roll spoilers;</p> <p>—          flight spoilers (speed brakes);</p> <p>—          ground spoilers (lift dumpers).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of spoilers on the C_L–a graph and stall speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of spoilers on the C_L–C_Dgraph and lift-drag ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 10 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Speed brakes and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe speed brakes and the reasons for using them in the different phases of flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State their influence on the C_L–C_D graph and <br/> lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how speed brakes increase parasite drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how speed brakes affect the minimum drag speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe their effect on rate and angle of descent.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 11 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Intentionally left blank</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 01 12 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Aerodynamic degradation</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 12 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Ice and other contaminants</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the locations on an aeroplane where ice build-up will occur during flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the aerodynamic effects of ice and other contaminants on:</p> <p align="left">—          lift (maximum C_L);</p> <p align="left">—          drag;</p> <p align="left">—          stall speed;</p> <p align="left">—          a_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">—          stability and controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the aerodynamic effects of icing during take-off.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 01 12 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Deformation and modification of airframe, ageing aeroplanes</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of airframe deformation and modification of an ageing aeroplane on aeroplane performance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect on boundary layer condition of an ageing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Speeds</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Speed of sound</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘speed of sound’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the variation of the speed of sound with altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of temperature on the speed of sound.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Mach number</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘Mach number’ as a function of TAS and speed of sound.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Influence of temperature and altitude on Mach number</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the absence of change of Mach number with varying temperature at constant flight level and calibrated airspeed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between Mach number, TAS and IAS during climb and descent at constant Mach number or IAS, and explain variation of lift coefficient, α, pitch and flight-path angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain:</p> <p align="left">—          risk of exceeding the maximum operation speed (VMO) when descending at constant Mach number;</p> <p align="left">—          risk of exceeding the maximum operating Mach number (M_MO) when climbing at constant IAS;</p> <p align="left">—          risk of a low-speed stall at high altitude when climbing at a too low Mach number.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Compressibility</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that compressibility means that density can change along a streamline, and that this occurs in the high subsonic (from Mach 0.4), transonic, and supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that compressibility negatively affects the pressure gradient, leading to an overall reduction of the C_L.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that Mach number is a measure of compressibility.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe that compressibility increases low‑speed stall speed and decreases α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 01 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Subdivision of aerodynamic flow</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the subdivision of aerodynamic flow:</p> <p align="left">—          subsonic flow below compressibility;</p> <p align="left">—          subsonic flow above compressibility; </p> <p align="left">—          transonic flow;</p> <p align="left">—          supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the characteristics of the flow regimes listed above.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why some transport aeroplanes cruise at Mach numbers above the critical Mach number (M_CRIT).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Shock waves</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Definition of shock wave</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define a ‘shock wave’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 02 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Normal shock waves</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe a normal shock wave with respect to changes in:</p> <p align="left">—          static temperature;</p> <p align="left">—          static and total pressure;</p> <p align="left">—          velocity;</p> <p align="left">—          local speed of sound;</p> <p align="left">—          Mach number;</p> <p align="left">—          density.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe a normal shock wave with respect to orientation relative to the wing surface.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of increasing Mach number on a normal shock wave, at positive lift, with respect to:</p> <p align="left">—          strength;</p> <p align="left">—          position relative to the wing;</p> <p align="left">—          second shock wave at the lower surface.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of a on shock-wave intensity and shock-wave location at constant Mach number.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Effects of exceeding the critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘M_CRIT’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how a change in a, aeroplane weight, manoeuvres, and centre-of-gravity (CG) position influences M_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on lift</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the behaviour of C_Lversus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the consequences of exceeding M_CRIT with respect to C_L and C_LMAX. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the change in stall indicated airspeed (IAS) with altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the advantages of exceeding M_CRIT in aeroplanes with supercritical aerofoils with respect to:</p> <p align="left">—          speed versus drag ratio;</p> <p align="left">—          specific range;</p> <p align="left">—          optimum altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 03 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on drag</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe wave drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the behaviour of C_D versus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of Mach number on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effects and hazards of exceeding M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}, namely:</p> <p align="left">—          drag rise;</p> <p align="left">—          instability;</p> <p align="left">—          Mach tuck;</p> <p align="left">—          shock stall.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the relation between M_CRIT and M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 03 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on pitching moment</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect of Mach number on the CP location. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the overall change in pitching moment above M_CRIT and explain the ‘tuck under’ or ‘Mach tuck’ effect.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the requirement for a Mach trim system to compensate for the effect of the CP movement and ‘tuck under’ effect.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the aerodynamic functioning of the Mach trim system.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the corrective measures if the Mach trim fails.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 03 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effect on control effectiveness</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effects on the effectiveness of control surfaces.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 02 05 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Means to influence critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 05 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Wing sweep</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the angle of sweep on:</p> <p align="left">—          M_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">—          effective thickness/chord change or velocity component perpendicular to the quarter chord line.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of the angle of sweepback at subsonic speed on:</p> <p align="left">—          C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left">—          efficiency of and requirement for high-lift devices;</p> <p align="left">—          pitch-up stall behaviour.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect of wing sweepback on drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 05 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Aerofoil shape</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the use of thin aerofoils with reduced camber.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the main purpose of supercritical aerofoils.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the advantages and disadvantages of supercritical aerofoils for wing design.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 02 05 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Vortex generators</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the use of vortex generators as a means to avoid or restrict flow separation caused by the presence of a normal shock wave.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 03 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Stall, Mach tuck, and upset prevention and recovery</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 03 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>The stall</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Flow separation at increasing α</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘boundary layer’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the thickness of a typical laminar and turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the laminar boundary layer.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘transition point’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the laminar boundary layer separates easier than the turbulent boundary layer does.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe why the airflow over the aft part of a wing slows down as the α increases.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘separation point’ and describe its location as a function of α.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe in straight and level flight the influence of increasing the α and the phenomenon that may occur regarding:</p> <p align="left">—          the forward stagnation point;</p> <p align="left">—          the pressure distribution;</p> <p align="left">—          the CP location (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left">—          C_L;</p> <p align="left">—          C_D and D (drag);</p> <p align="left">—          the pitching moment (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left">—          buffet onset;</p> <p align="left">—          deterrent buffet for a clean wing at high Mach number;</p> <p align="left">—          lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left">—          uncommanded pitch down;</p> <p align="left">—          uncommanded roll.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain what causes the possible natural buffet on the aeroplane in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effectiveness of the flight controls in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain the normal post-stall behaviour of a straight-wing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect and dangers of using the controls close to the stall.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the deterrent buffet.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(16)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the occurrence of the deterrent buffet and why this phenomenon is considered to be a stall limit.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The stall speed</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain V_S0, V_S1, V_SR, and V_S1G.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Solve V_S1G from the lift formula given varying C_L.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain the influence of the following parameters on stall speed:</p> <p align="left">—          CG;</p> <p align="left">—          thrust component;</p> <p align="left">—          slipstream;</p> <p align="left">—          wing loading;</p> <p align="left">—          mass;</p> <p align="left">—          wing contamination;</p> <p align="left">—          angle of sweep;</p> <p align="left">—          altitude (for compressibility effects, see 081 02 03 02).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘load factor n’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the load factor increases in a turn.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the load factor increases in a pull-up and decreases in a push-over manoeuvre.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain the influence of the ‘load factor n’ on stall speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the expression ‘accelerated stall’.</p> <p><i>Remark: Sometimes, accelerated stall is also erroneously referred to as high-speed stall. This latter expression will not be used for Subject 081.</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the load factor.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the increase of stall speed in a horizontal coordinated turn as a function of bank angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the gross mass.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The initial stall in spanwise direction</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the initial stall sequence on the following planforms:</p> <p align="left">—          elliptical;</p> <p align="left">—          rectangular;</p> <p align="left">—          moderate and high taper;</p> <p align="left">—          sweepback or delta.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the purpose of aerodynamic and geometric twist (washout).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of fences, vortilons, saw teeth, vortex generators, and strakes on engine nacelles.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Stall warning</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why stall warning is necessary.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain when aerodynamic and artificial stall warnings are used.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why CS-23 and CS-25 require a margin to stall speed for take-off and landing speeds.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe:</p> <p align="left">—          buffet;</p> <p align="left">—          stall strip;</p> <p align="left">—          flapper switch (leading-edge stall-warning vane);</p> <p align="left">—          angle-of-attack vane;</p> <p align="left">—          angle-of-attack probe;</p> <p align="left">—          stick shaker.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the recovery after:</p> <p align="left">—          stall warning;</p> <p align="left">—          stall;</p> <p align="left">—          stick-pusher actuation.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><b>081 03 01 05</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b>Special phenomena of stall</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the difference between power-off and power-on stalls and recovery.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe stall and recovery in a climbing and descending turn.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the pitch-up effect on a swept wing aeroplane and also an aeroplane with a T-tail.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe super stall or deep stall.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the philosophy behind the stick-pusher system.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the factors that can lead to the absence of stall warning and explain the associated risks.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the indications and explain the consequences of premature stabiliser stall due to ice contamination (negative tail stall).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe when to expect in-flight icing.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how the effect is changed when retracting/extending lift-augmentation devices.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of a contaminated wing on the stall speed and α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the hazards associated with airframe contamination when parked and during ground operations in winter conditions, and the aerodynamic effects when attempting a take-off.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain de-icing/anti-icing holdover time and the likely hazards after it has expired.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the aerodynamic effects of heavy tropical rain on stall speed and drag, and the appropriate mitigation in such conditions.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 01 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The spin</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how to avoid spins.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the factors that cause a spin to develop.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe an ‘incipient’ and ‘developed’ spin, recognition and recovery.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the differences in spin attitude with forward and aft CG. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 03 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Buffet onset boundary</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Mach buffet</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain shock-induced separation, and describe its relationship with Mach buffet (high speed buffet) and Mach tuck.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 02 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Buffet onset</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the concept of buffet margin, and describe the influence of the following parameters on the concept of buffet margin:</p> <p align="left">—          a;</p> <p align="left">—          Mach number;</p> <p align="left">—          pressure altitude;</p> <p align="left">—          mass;</p> <p align="left">—          load factor;</p> <p align="left">—          angle of bank;</p> <p align="left">—          CG location.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how the buffet onset boundary chart can be used to determine:</p> <p align="left">—          manoeuvrability;</p> <p align="left">—          buffet margin.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the consequences of exceeding M_MO: light buffet, buffet onset.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain ‘aerodynamic ceiling’ and ‘coffin corner’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the concept of the ‘1.3g’ buffet margin altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Find (using an example graph):</p> <p align="left">—          buffet free range;</p> <p align="left">—          aerodynamic ceiling at a given mass;</p> <p align="left">—          load factor and bank angle at which buffet occurs at a given mass, Mach number, and pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why descent increases the buffet free range.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><b>081 03 03 00</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b>Situations in which buffet or stall could occur</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><b>081 03 03 01</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b>Explain why buffet or stall occurs</b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following pilot-induced situations, and the methods to mitigate them: </p> <p align="left">—          inappropriate take-off configuration, detailing the consequences of errors associated with leading-edge devices;</p> <p align="left">—          steep turns;</p> <p align="left">—          go-around using take-off/go-around (TOGA) setting (underslung engines).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at low altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left">—          thunderstorms;</p> <p align="left">—          wind shear and microburst;</p> <p align="left">—          turbulence;</p> <p align="left">—          wake turbulence;</p> <p align="left">—          icing conditions.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at high altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left">—          thunderstorms in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ);</p> <p align="left">—          jet streams;</p> <p align="left">—          clear-air turbulence.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following situations, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left">—          inappropriate autopilot climb mode;</p> <p align="left">—          loss of, or unreliable, airspeed indication.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 03 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Recognition of stalled condition</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 03 04 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Recognition and explanation of stalled condition</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why a stalled condition can occur at any airspeed, or attitude or altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain that a stall may be recognised by continuous stall-warning activation accompanied by at least one of the following:</p> <p align="left">—          buffet, that can be heavy;</p> <p align="left">—          lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left">—          uncommanded pitch down and uncommanded roll;</p> <p align="left">—          inability to arrest the descent rate.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain that ‘stall warning’ means a natural or synthetic indication provided when approaching the stall that may include one or more of the following indications:</p> <p align="left">—          aerodynamic buffeting;</p> <p align="left">—          reduced roll stability and aileron effectiveness;</p> <p align="left">—          visual or aural clues and warnings;</p> <p align="left">—          reduced elevator (pitch) authority;</p> <p align="left">—          inability to maintain altitude or arrest a rate of descent;</p> <p align="left">—          stick-shaker activation.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>STABILITY</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Static and dynamic stability</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Basics and definitions</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘static stability’:</p> <p align="left">—          describe/identify a statically stable, neutral, and unstable condition (positive, neutral, and negative static stability), and</p> <p align="left">—          explain why aeroplanes are statically stable.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between static stability and manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘dynamic stability’:</p> <p align="left">—          describe/identify a dynamically stable, neutral, and unstable motion (positive, neutral, and negative dynamic stability);</p> <p align="left">—          describe/identify periodic and aperiodic motion.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Precondition for static stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain an equilibrium of forces and moments as the initial condition for static stability. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Sum of forces</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify the forces considered in the equilibrium of forces.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Sum of moments</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify the moments about all three axes considered in the equilibrium of moments.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect of sum of moments not being zero.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Intentionally left blank</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Static and dynamic longitudinal stability</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Methods for achieving balance</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the stabiliser as the means to satisfy the condition of nullifying the total sum of the moments about the lateral axis.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the location of the wing CP relative to the CG on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the indicated airspeed on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the use of the elevator deflection or stabiliser angle for the generation of the balancing force and its direction.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the elevator deflection required to balance thrust change as a function of engine position.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Static longitudinal stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effect of the CG location on pitch manoeuvrability and longitudinal stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Neutral point</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘neutral point’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the location of the neutral point is only dependent on the aerodynamic design of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting neutral point</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the location of the neutral point relative to the locations of the aerodynamic centre of the wing and tail.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the CG location on the static longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the CG forward and aft limits with respect to:</p> <p align="left">—          longitudinal control forces;</p> <p align="left">—          elevator effectiveness;</p> <p align="left">—          stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘static margin’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The C_m–</i><i>a graph</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the C_m–a graph with respect to the relationship between the slope of the graph and static stability. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 07</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting the C_m–</i><i>a graph </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain:</p> <p align="left">—          the effect on the C_m–a graph of a shift of CG in the forward and aft direction;</p> <p align="left">—          the effect on the C_m–a graph when the elevator is moved up or down;</p> <p align="left">—          the effect on the C_m–a graph when the trim is moved;</p> <p align="left">—          the effect of the wing contribution;</p> <p align="left">—          the tail contribution.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 08</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 09</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 10</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The stick force versus speed graph (IAS) </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how a pilot perceives stable static longitudinal stick force stability regarding changes in:</p> <p align="left">—          speed;</p> <p align="left">—          altitude;</p> <p align="left">—          mass distribution (CG location).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 11</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 12</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘stick force per g’, and describe that the stick force increases linearly with increase in g.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why:</p> <p align="left">—          the stick force per g has a prescribed minimum and maximum value;</p> <p align="left">—          the stick force per g decreases with pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 13</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 14</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence on stick force per g of:</p> <p align="left">—          CG location;</p> <p align="left">—          trim setting.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 15</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 03 16</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Dynamic longitudinal stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the phugoid and short-period motion in terms of period, damping, variations (if applicable) in speed, altitude, and α.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the short-period motion is more hazardous than the phugoid.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe ‘pilot-induced oscillations’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of high altitude on dynamic stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of the CG location on the dynamic longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Static directional stability</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 04 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Definition and effects of static directional stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘static directional stability’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of static directional stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 04 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Sideslip angle </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘sideslip angle’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify β as the symbol used for the sideslip angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 04 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Yaw-moment coefficient C_n </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘yawing-moment coefficient C_n’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the relationship between C_n and β for an aeroplane with static directional stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 04 04</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>C_n–β graph </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why:</p> <p align="left">—          Cn depends on β;</p> <p align="left">—          Cn equals zero for that β that provides static equilibrium about the aeroplane’s normal axis;</p> <p align="left">—          if no asymmetric engine thrust, flight control or loading condition prevails, the equilibrium β equals zero.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is a measure for static directional stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is affected by altitude. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 04 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting static directional stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how the following aeroplane components contribute to static directional stability:</p> <p align="left">—          wing;</p> <p align="left">—          fin;</p> <p align="left">—          dorsal fin;</p> <p align="left">—          ventral fin;</p> <p align="left">—          angle of sweep of the wing;</p> <p align="left">—          angle of sweep of the fin;</p> <p align="left">—          fuselage at high α;</p> <p align="left">—          strakes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the reduction in static directional stability when the CG moves aft.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 05 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Static lateral stability</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Definition and effects of static lateral stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘static lateral stability’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of static lateral stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Bank angle Ø</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘bank angle Ø’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The roll-moment coefficient C_l</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define the ‘roll-moment coefficient C_l’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Contribution of sideslip angle (β)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how without coordination the bank angle (Ø) creates sideslip angle (β).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The C_l–β graph </i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the C_l–b graph.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify the slope of the C_l–b graph as a measure for static lateral stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify how the slope of the C_l–β graph is affected by altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 05 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting static lateral stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the contribution to the static lateral stability of:</p> <p align="left">—          dihedral, anhedral;</p> <p align="left">—          high wing, low wing;</p> <p align="left">—          sweep angle of the wing;</p> <p align="left">—          ventral fin;</p> <p align="left">—          vertical tail.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 04 06 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Dynamic lateral/directional stability</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 06 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 06 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Tendency to spiral dive</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how lateral and directional stability are coupled.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how high static directional stability and low static lateral stability may cause spiral divergence (unstable spiral dive), and under which conditions the spiral dive mode is neutral or stable.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe an unstable spiral dive mode with respect to deviations in speed, bank angle, nose low-pitch attitude, and decreasing altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 06 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Dutch roll</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain:</p> <p align="left">—          why Dutch roll occurs when the static lateral stability is higher than static directional stability;</p> <p align="left">—          the conditions for a stable, neutral or unstable Dutch roll motion;</p> <p align="left">—          the function of the yaw damper;</p> <p align="left">—          the actions to be taken when the yaw damper is not available.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how the asymmetric nature of shock waves on both wings, at high Mach numbers, can lead to Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 04 06 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effects of altitude on dynamic stability</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain that increased pressure altitude reduces dynamic lateral/directional stability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>CONTROL</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>General</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Basics — The three planes and three axes</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define:</p> <p align="left">—          lateral axis;</p> <p align="left">—          longitudinal axis;</p> <p align="left">—          normal axis.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p align="left">—          Define:</p> <p align="left">—          pitch angle;</p> <p align="left">—          bank angle (Ø);</p> <p align="left">—          yaw angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the motion about the three axes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Name and describe the devices that control these motions.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Camber change</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that camber is changed by movement of a control surface and explain the effect.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Angle-of-attack (α) change</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of local α change by movement of a control surface.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Pitch (longitudinal) control</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Elevator/all-flying tails</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the working principle of the <br/> elevator/all-flying tail and describe its function.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 02 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Downwash effects</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of downwash on the tailplane α.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 02 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 02 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between elevator deflection and CG location to produce a given aeroplane response.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of forward CG limit on pitch control.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 02 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Moments due to engine thrust</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect of engine thrust on pitching moments for different engine locations.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Yaw (directional) control</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>The rudder</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the working principle of the rudder and describe its function.</p> <p>State the relationship between rudder deflection and the moment about the normal axis.</p> <p>Describe the effect of sideslip on the moment about the normal axis.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Rudder limiting</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why and how rudder deflection is limited on CAT aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Roll (lateral) control</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 04 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Ailerons</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the functioning of ailerons.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the adverse effects of aileron deflection. </p> <p><i>(Refer to Subjects 081 05 04 04 and 081 06 01 02)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why some aeroplanes have inboard and outboard ailerons.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State that the outboard ailerons are locked beyond a given speed to prevent:</p> <p align="left">—          over-control;</p> <p align="left">—          exceeding structural limitations;</p> <p align="left">—          aeroelastic phenomena (flutter, divergence and aileron reversal).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the use of aileron deflection in normal flight, flight with sideslip, crosswind landings, horizontal turns, flight with <br/> one-engine-inoperative.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘roll rate’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the factors that affect roll rate.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe flaperons and aileron droop.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 04 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 04 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Spoilers</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how spoilers can be used to control the rolling movement in combination with or instead of the ailerons.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 04 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Adverse yaw</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the use of ailerons induces adverse yaw.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 04 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Means to avoid adverse yaw</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how the following reduce adverse yaw:</p> <p align="left">—          Frise ailerons;</p> <p align="left">—          differential aileron deflection;</p> <p align="left">—          rudder aileron cross-coupling;</p> <p align="left">—          roll spoilers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 05 00</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Roll/yaw interaction</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 05 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Explain roll/yaw interaction</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the secondary effect of roll.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the secondary effect of yaw.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 06 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Means to reduce control forces</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 06 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Aerodynamic balance</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the purpose of aerodynamic balance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the working principle of the horn balance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the working principle of the internal balance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the working principle and application of:</p> <p align="left">—          balance tab;</p> <p align="left">—          anti-balance tab;</p> <p align="left">—          spring tab;</p> <p align="left">—          servo tab.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 06 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Artificial means</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the differences between fully powered controls and power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the advantages of artificial feel in fully powered control.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 07 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Fly-by-wire (FBW)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 07 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Control laws</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain which parameters may be controlled in level flight with the pitch control law.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the advantages of using the CG position in the FBW system.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain what type of flight-degraded control laws may be available in case of failure.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain what are hard and soft protections.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 05 08 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Trimming</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 08 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Reasons to trim</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the reasons for using trimming devices.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the difference between a trim tab and the various balance tabs.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 08 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Trim tabs</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the working principle of a trim tab including cockpit indications.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 05 08 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Stabiliser trim</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the working principle of a stabiliser trim including the flight deck indications.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the advantages and disadvantages of a stabiliser trim compared to a trim tab.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between CG position, take-off trim setting, and stabiliser trim position.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of errors in the take-off stabiliser trim setting on the rotation characteristics and stick force during take-off rotation.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the effects of jammed and runaway stabiliser.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the consequences of a jammed stabiliser during take-off, landing, and go-around.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 06 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>LIMITATIONS</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 06 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Operating limitations</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Flutter</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the phenomenon of flutter and how IAS and mass distribution affects the likelihood of flutter occurrence. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the use of mass balance to alleviate the flutter problem by adjusting the mass distribution:</p> <p align="left">—          wing-mounted engines on pylons;</p> <p align="left">—          control surface mass balance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain what is the flight envelope free of flutter.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Landing gear/flap operating</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the reason for flap/landing gear limitations.</p> <p>Define ‘V_LO’.</p> <p>Define ‘V_LE’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why there is a difference between V_LO and V_LE in the case of some aeroplane types.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_FE’ and describe flap limiting speeds.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe flap design features, procedures and warnings to prevent overload.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>V_MO, V_NO, and V_NE</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_MO’, ‘V_NO’, and ‘V_NE’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the significance of V_MO, V_NO and V_NE, and the differences between these airspeeds.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the hazards of flying at speeds above V_NE and V_MO.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 01 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>M_MO</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘M_MO’ and state its limiting factors.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 06 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Manoeuvring envelope</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Manoeuvring–load diagram</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the manoeuvring–load diagram.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define limit and ultimate load factor, and explain what can happen if these values are exceeded.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_A’, ‘V_B’, ‘V_C’, and ‘V_D’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify and explain the varying features on the V_N diagram:</p> <p align="left">—          load factor ‘n’;</p> <p align="left">—          speed scale, equivalent airspeed;</p> <p align="left">—          equivalent airspeed envelope;</p> <p align="left">—          1g stall speed;</p> <p align="left">—          stall boundary (refer to 081 03 01 02).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between V_MO or V_NE and V_C.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State all the manoeuvring load-factors limits applicable to CS-23 and CS-25 aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between V_A and V_S in a formula, and calculate the values.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the significance of V_A and the adverse consequences of applying full, abrupt nose-up elevator deflection when exceeding V_A.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><b><i>081 06 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>State the relationship of mass to load-factor limits and accelerated stall speed boundary limit.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the change of V_A with changing mass.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why V_A loses significance at higher altitude.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘M_C’ and ‘M_D’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 06 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Gust envelope</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Gust–load diagram</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Recognise a typical gust–load diagram, and state the minimum gust speeds in ft/s, m/s and kt that the aeroplane must be designed to withstand at V_B to V_C and V_D. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss considerations for the selection of V_RA.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the adverse effects on the aeroplane when flying in turbulence.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 06 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Factors affecting the gust–load diagram</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain the relationship between the gust–load factor and the following: lift–curve slope, aspect ratio, angle of sweep, altitude, wing loading, weight, wing area, equivalent airspeed (EAS), and speed of vertical gust.</p> <p>(Note: For examination purposes, the ECQB questions will not be calculation based.)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 07 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>PROPELLERS</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 07 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Conversion of engine torque to thrust</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Explain conversion of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the resolution of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade element into lift and drag or into thrust and torque.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how propeller thrust and aerodynamic torque vary with IAS.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Relevant propeller parameters</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the geometry of a typical propeller blade element at the reference section:</p> <p align="left">—          blade chord line;</p> <p align="left">—          propeller rotational velocity vector;</p> <p align="left">—          true airspeed vector;</p> <p align="left">—          blade angle of attack;</p> <p align="left">—          pitch or blade angle;</p> <p align="left">—          advance or helix angle.</p> <p>Define ‘geometric pitch’, ‘effective pitch’, and ‘propeller slip’.</p> <p><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the following definition is used for geometric pitch: the theoretical distance a propeller would advance in one revolution at zero blade angle of attack.</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how the terms ‘fine pitch’ and ‘coarse pitch’ can be used to express blade angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Blade twist</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘blade twist’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why blade twist is necessary.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Fixed pitch and variable pitch/constant speed</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the different types of propellers:</p> <p align="left">—          fixed pitch;</p> <p align="left">—          adjustable pitch or variable pitch (non-governing);</p> <p align="left">—          variable pitch (governing)/constant speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fixed-pitch and constant-speed propellers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss climb and cruise propellers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between blade angle, blade angle of attack, and airspeed for fixed and variable pitch propellers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe and explain the forces that act on a rotating blade element in normal, feathered, windmilling, and reverse operation.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of changing propeller pitch at constant IAS.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Propeller efficiency versus speed</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘propeller efficiency’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain and describe the relationship between propeller efficiency and speed (TAS) for different types of propellers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the relationship between blade angle and thrust.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 01 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Effects of ice on propeller</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effects and hazards of ice on a propeller.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 07 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Engine failure</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Windmilling drag</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effects of an inoperative engine on the performance and controllability of an aeroplane:</p> <p align="left">—          thrust loss/drag increase;</p> <p align="left">—          influence on yaw moment during asymmetric power.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><b><i>081 07 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><b><i>Feathering</i></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p><b></b></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p><b></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the reasons for feathering a propeller, including the effect on the yaw moment, performance and controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 07 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Design features for power absorption</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Name the propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 03 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Diameter of propeller</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the reasons for restricting propeller diameter.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 03 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Number of blades</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘solidity’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the number of blades.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 03 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Propeller noise</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how propeller noise can be minimised.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 07 04 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Secondary effects of propellers</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 04 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Torque reaction</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effects of engine/propeller torque.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the following methods for counteracting engine/propeller torque:</p> <p align="left">—          counter-rotating propellers;</p> <p align="left">—          contra-rotating propellers.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 04 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Gyroscopic precession</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe what causes gyroscopic precession.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effect on the aeroplane due to the gyroscopic effect.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 04 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Slipstream effect</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the possible effects of the rotating propeller slipstream.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 04 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Asymmetric blade effect</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the asymmetric blade effect (also called P factor).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of direction of rotation on the critical engine on twin-engine aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 07 04 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Consideration of propeller effects</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe, given direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during take-off run, rotation and initial climb, and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe, given the direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during a go-around and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how propeller effects during go-around can be affected by: </p> <p align="left">—          high engine performance conditions and their effect on the VMC speeds; </p> <p align="left">—          loss of the critical engine; </p> <p align="left">—          crosswind; </p> <p align="left">—          high flap setting;</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 08 00 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>FLIGHT MECHANICS</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 08 01 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Forces acting on an aeroplane</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 01 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Straight, horizontal, steady flight</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in straight, horizontal, and steady flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>List the four forces and state where they act on.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how the four forces are balanced, including the function of the tailplane.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 01 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Straight, steady climb</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘flight-path angle’ (g).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between pitch attitude, g and α for zero-wind and zero-bank conditions.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady climb.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula relating to the parallel forces (T = D + W sin g).</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why thrust is greater than drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the formula (for small angles) that gives the relationship between g, thrust, weight, and lift–drag ratio, and use this formula for simple calculations.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain how IAS, α, and g change in a climb performed with constant vertical speed and constant thrust setting.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 01 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Straight, steady descent</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady descent.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (T = D – W sin g).</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why thrust is less than drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 01 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Straight, steady glide</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady glide.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (D = W sin g).</p> <p align="left">—          Apply the formula for forces perpendicular to the direction of flight <br/> (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relationship between the glide gradient and the lift–drag ratio, and calculate glide range given: </p> <p align="left">—          initial height;</p> <p align="left">—          L–D ratio;</p> <p align="left">—          glide speed and wind speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define V_MD (speed for minimum drag) and explain the relationship between α, V_MD and the best lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of wind component on glide angle, duration, and distance.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of mass change on glide angle, duration, and distance, given that the aeroplane remains at either the same airspeed or at V_MD.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of configuration change on glide angle and duration.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the relation between TAS, gradient of descent, and rate of descent.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define V_MP (speed for minimum power) and describe that the minimum rate of descent in the glide will be at V_MP, and explain the relationship of this speed to the optimum speed for minimum glide angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Discuss when a pilot could elect to fly for minimum glide rate of descent or minimum glide angle, and why speed stability or headwinds/tailwinds may favour a speed that is faster or slower than the optimum airspeed in still air.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 01 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Steady, coordinated turn</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a steady, coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Resolve the forces that act horizontally and vertically during a coordinated turn</p> <p>(tan<figure><img alt="Aviation.Bot AI suggestion, not from EASA source: [Image caption skipped for debugging]" src="/static/files/file_9JKOJCH3CSC/image004.png"/></figure>).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the difference between a coordinated and an uncoordinated turn, and describe how to correct an uncoordinated turn using turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why the angle of bank is independent of mass, and that it only depends on TAS and radius of turn.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(05)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Resolve the forces to show that for a given angle of bank the radius of turn is determined solely by airspeed (tan<figure><img alt="Aviation.Bot AI suggestion, not from EASA source: [Image caption skipped for debugging]" src="/static/files/file_9JKOJCH3CSC/image004.png"/></figure>).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(06)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the turn radius of a steady turn given TAS and angle of bank.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(07)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effects of bank angle on:</p> <p>-           load factor (LF = 1/cos<figure><img alt="Aviation.Bot AI suggestion, not from EASA source: [Image caption skipped for debugging]" src="/static/files/file_9JKOJCH3CSC/image005.png"/></figure>);</p> <p>-           α;</p> <p>-           thrust;</p> <p>-           drag.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(08)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘angular velocity’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(09)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘rate of turn’ and ‘rate-1 turn’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of TAS on rate of turn at a given bank angle.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(11) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Calculate the load factor and stall speed in a turn given angle of bank and 1g stall speed.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain situations in which turn radius is relevant for safety, such as maximum speed limits on departure or arrival plates, or outbound speed categories on approach plates, and the implications/hazards of exceeding given speeds.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(13) </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the hazards of excessive use of rudder to increase the rate of turn in a swept-wing aeroplane. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 08 02 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Asymmetric thrust</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Jet-engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the effects on the aeroplane of asymmetric thrust during flight, for both jet‑engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain critical engine, and explain, for a propeller-driven aeroplane, the effect of the direction of propeller rotation.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of steady, asymmetric flight on a conventional (ball) slip indicator/turn indicator.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect of a crosswind on asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 02</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Balanced moments about the normal axis</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the yaw moments about the CG.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the change to the yaw moment caused by the effect of air density on thrust.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the changes to the yaw moment caused by engine distance from CG.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(04)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the methods to achieve directional balance following engine loss.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 03</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Forces parallel to the lateral axis</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain:</p> <p align="left">—          the force on the vertical fin;</p> <p align="left">—          the fuselage side force due to sideslip (using wing-level method);</p> <p align="left">—          the use of bank angle to tilt the lift vector (in wing-down method).</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the flight hazards at VMC:</p> <p align="left">—          α;</p> <p align="left">—          side slip;</p> <p align="left">—          loads on the fin;</p> <p align="left">—          α on the fin.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the effect on fin α due to sideslip.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 04</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Influence of aeroplane mass</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why controllability with <br/> one-engine-inoperative is a typical problem arising from the low speeds associated with low aeroplane mass.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 05</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 06</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 07</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 08</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Minimum control speed (V_MC)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_MC’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how V_MC is determined.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the CG location. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 09</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Minimum control speed during approach and landing (V_MCL)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_MCL’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how V_MCL is determined.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 10</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Minimum control speed on the ground (V_MCG)</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Define ‘V_MCG’.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe how V_MCG is determined. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(03)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 02 11</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Influence of density</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Describe the influence of density on thrust during asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(02)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Explain why V_MC, V_MCL and V_MCGreduce with a reduction in thrust.</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>081 08 03 00</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Significant points on a polar curve</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p><i>081 08 03 01</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p><i>Identify and explain</i></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> <p></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> <p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="85"> <p>(01)</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="32"> </td> <td valign="top" width="283"> <p>Identify and explain the significant points on a polar curve. </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="54"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> <p>X</p> </td> <td valign="top" width="63"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="27"> </td> <td valign="top" width="80"> </td> <td valign="top" width="45"> </td> <td valign="top" width="47"> </td> <td valign="top" width="78"> </td> </tr> </table> SUBJECT 081 – PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT – AEROPLANES ED Decision 2020/018/R (1) The following standard symbols and their corresponding meanings are used for certain mathematical operations: \* multiplication ≥ greater than or equal to ≤ less than or equal to SQRT(…) square root of the function, symbol or number in round brackets (2) Normally, it should be assumed that the effect of a variable under review is the only variation that needs to be addressed, unless specifically stated otherwise. (3) Candidates are expected in simple calculations to be able to convert knots (kt) into metres/second (m/s), and know the appropriate conversion factors by heart. (4) In the subsonic range, as covered under Subject 081 01, compressibility effects normally are not considered, unless specifically mentioned. (5) For those questions related to propellers (Subject 081 07), as a simplification of the physical reality, the inflow speed into the propeller plane is taken as the aeroplane’s true airspeed (TAS). (6) In addition, when discussing propeller rotational direction, it will always be specified as seen from behind the propeller plane. (7) Note that the term ‘mass’ is used to describe a quantity of matter, and ‘weight’ when describing the force. However, the term ‘weight’ is normally used in aviation to colloquially describe ‘mass’. The professional pilot should always note the units to determine whether the term ‘weight’ is being used to describe a force (e.g. unit newton) or quantity of matter (e.g. unit kilogram). <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="929"><thead><tr><td rowspan="2" width="85"><p><b>Syllabus reference</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" width="32"><p><b>BK</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" width="283"><p><b>Syllabus details and associated Learning Objectives</b></p></td><td colspan="2" width="99"><p><b>Aeroplane</b></p></td><td colspan="3" width="153"><p><b>Helicopter</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" width="27"><p><b>IR</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" width="80"><p><b>CB-IR(A) </b></p></td><td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="45"><p><b>BIR Exam</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="47"><p><b>BIR BK</b></p></td><td rowspan="2" width="78"><p><b>Remarks</b></p></td></tr><tr><td width="54"><p><b>ATPL</b></p></td><td width="45"><p><b>CPL</b></p></td><td width="63"><p><b>ATPL/IR</b></p></td><td width="45"><p><b>ATPL</b></p></td><td width="45"><p><b>CPL</b></p></td></tr></thead><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>080 00 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 00 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT — AEROPLANES</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>SUBSONIC AERODYNAMICS</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Basics, laws and definitions</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 01 01 </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Laws and definitions</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the international system of units of measurement (SI) for mass, acceleration, weight, velocity, energy, density, temperature, pressure, force, wing loading, and power.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘mass’, ‘force’, ‘acceleration’, and ‘weight’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State and interpret Newton’s three laws of motion.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain air density.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the atmospheric properties that effect air density.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how temperature and pressure changes affect air density.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘static pressure’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘dynamic pressure’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the formula for ‘dynamic pressure’. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe dynamic pressure in terms of an indication of the energy in the system, and how it is related to indicated airspeed (IAS) and air density for a given altitude and speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible flow. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘total pressure’ and explain that the total pressure differs in different systems.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(13)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Apply Bernoulli’s equation to flow through a venturi stream tube for incompressible flow.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(14)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how IAS is acquired from the pitot static system.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(15)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between density, temperature, and pressure for air. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(16)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the equation of continuity and its application to the flow through a stream tube.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(17)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘IAS’, ‘CAS’, ‘EAS’, and ‘TAS’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Basics of airflow</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe steady and unsteady airflow. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the concept of a streamline and a stream tube.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain airflow through a stream tube.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the difference between two- and three‑dimensional airflow.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Aerodynamic forces on aerofoils </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the originating point and direction of the resultant force caused by the pressure distribution around an aerofoil.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Resolve the resultant force into the components ‘lift’ and ‘drag’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the direction of lift and drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘aerodynamic moment’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the factors that affect the aerodynamic moment.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the aerodynamic moment for a symmetrical aerofoil.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the aerodynamic moment for a positively and negatively cambered aerofoil. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘angle of attack’ (a).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Shape of an aerofoil section</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: leading edge.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: trailing edge.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> chord line. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: thickness-to-chord ratio or relative thickness.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: location of maximum thickness.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber line.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> nose radius.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe a symmetrical and an asymmetrical aerofoil section.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 01 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Wing shape</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: span.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: tip and root chord.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: taper ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing area.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing planform.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean geometric chord.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean aerodynamic chord (MAC).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: aspect ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: dihedral angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: sweep angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing twist, geometric and aerodynamic.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following parameter of a wing: angle of incidence.</p><p><i>Remark: In certain textbooks, angle of incidence is used as angle of attack (α). For Part-FCL theoretical knowledge examination purposes, this use is discontinued, and the angle of incidence is defined as the angle between the aeroplane longitudinal axis and the wing-root chord line.</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Two-dimensional airflow around an aerofoil</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Streamline pattern</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the streamline pattern around an aerofoil.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe converging and diverging streamlines, and their effect on static pressure and velocity.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe upwash and downwash.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Stagnation point</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the stagnation point.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the movement of the stagnation point as the α changes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Pressure distribution</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe pressure distribution and local speeds around an aerofoil including effects of camber and α. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Intentionally left blank</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Centre of pressure (CP) and aerodynamic centre (AC)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain CP and AC.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Drag and wake</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List two physical phenomena that cause drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe skin friction drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe form (pressure) drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why drag and wake cause loss of energy (momentum).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 07</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Influence of angle of attack (α)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of α on lift.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 08</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 02 09</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The lift coefficient (C_L) – angle of attack (</i><i>a) graph</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the C_L–α graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the significant points: </p><p align="left">— point where the curve crosses the horizontal axis (zero lift);</p><p align="left">— point where the curve crosses the vertical axis (α = 0);</p><p align="left">— point where the curve reaches its maximum (C_LMAX).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Coefficients</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>General use of coefficients</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why coefficients are used in general.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The lift coefficient (C_L) </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the lift formula, the factors that affect lift, and perform simple calculations.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of camber on the C_L–a graph (symmetrical and positively/negatively cambered aerofoils).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the typical difference in the C_L–a graph for fast and slow aerofoil design.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘C_LMAX’ (maximum lift coefficient) and ‘a_CRIT’ (stalling a) on the graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe C_L and explain the variables that affect it in low subsonic flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 03 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Drag </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the two-dimensional drag formula.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect of the shape of a body, cross‑sectional area, and surface roughness on the drag coefficient.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Three-dimensional airflow around an aeroplane</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 04 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Angle of attack (α)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘angle of attack’ (α).</p><p><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the angle-of-attack definition requires a reference line. This reference line for 3D has been chosen to be the longitudinal axis and for 2D the chord line.</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the difference between the α and the attitude of an aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 04 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Streamline pattern</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the general streamline pattern around the wing, tail section, and fuselage.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain and describe the causes of spanwise flow over top and bottom surfaces.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe wing tip vortices and their contribution to downwash behind the wing.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why wing tip vortices vary with α.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe spanwise lift distribution including the effect of wing planform.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the causes, distribution and duration of the wake turbulence behind an aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of flap deflection on the wing tip vortex.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the parameters that influence wake turbulence.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 04 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Induced drag</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the factors that cause induced drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the approximate formula for the induced drag coefficient (including variables but excluding constants).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between induced drag and total drag in straight and level flight with variable speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of mass on induced drag at a given IAS.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the means to reduce induced drag:</p><p align="left">— aspect ratio;</p><p align="left">— winglets;</p><p align="left">— tip tanks;</p><p align="left">— wing twist;</p><p align="left">— camber change.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of lift distribution on induced drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of downwash on the effective airflow.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain induced and effective local α.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the induced α on the direction of the lift vector.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between induced drag and:</p><p align="left">— speed;</p><p align="left">— aspect ratio;</p><p align="left">— wing planform;</p><p align="left">— bank angle in a horizontal coordinated turn.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the induced drag coefficient and its relationship with the lift coefficient and aspect ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of induced drag on:</p><p align="left">— the CL–α graph, and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low‑aspect ratio wings;</p><p align="left">— the C_L–C_D (aeroplane polar), and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low-aspect ratio wings;</p><p align="left">— the parabolic aeroplane polar in a graph and as a formula [C_D = C_PD + kC_L²], where C_D = coefficient of drag and <br/> C_PD = coefficient of parasite drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(13)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the C_L–C_D graph (polar).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(14)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Indicate minimum drag on the graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(15)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the C_L–C_D ratio is important as a measure of performance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(16)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 05 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Total drag</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Total drag in relation to parasite drag and induced drag</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that total drag consists of parasite drag and induced drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Parasite drag</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the types of drag that are included in parasite drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe form (pressure) drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe interference drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe friction drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Parasite drag and speed</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between parasite drag and speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Induced drag and speed </i></p><p><i>(Refer to 081 01 04 03) </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Total drag </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the total drag–speed graph and the constituent drag components.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Indicate the speed for minimum drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 05 07</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Variables affecting the total drag–speed graph</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of aeroplane gross mass on the graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of pressure altitude on:</p><p align="left">— drag–IAS graph;</p><p align="left">— drag–TAS graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe speed stability from the graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe non-stable, neutral, and stable IAS regions.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain what happens to the IAS and drag in the non-stable region if speed suddenly decreases and why this could occur.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 06 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Ground effect</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 06 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Influence of ground effect </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of ground effect on wing tip vortices, downwash, airflow pattern, lift, and drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of ground effect on induced a and the coefficient of induced drag (C_Di).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of entering and leaving ground effect.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 06 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on stalling angle of attack (α_CRIT)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of ground effect on α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 06 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on lift coefficient (C_L)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of ground effect on the effective a and C_L.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 06 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on take-off and landing characteristics of an aeroplane</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of ground effect on take‑off and landing characteristics and performance of an aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the difference in take-off and landing characteristics of high- and low-wing aeroplanes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 07 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>The relationship between lift coefficient and speed in steady, straight, and level flight</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 07 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Represented by an equation</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect on C_L during speed increase/decrease in steady, straight, and level flight, and perform simple calculations.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 07 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Represented by a graph</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain, by using a graph, the effect on speed of C_L changes at a given weight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 08 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Intentionally left blank</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 09 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>CLMAX augmentation</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 09 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Trailing-edge flaps and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the following types of trailing-edge flaps:</p><p align="left">— split flaps;</p><p align="left">— plain flaps;</p><p align="left">— slotted flaps;</p><p align="left">— Fowler flaps.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases the C_L and C_D, and the reasons why this can be beneficial.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe their effect on:</p><p align="left">— the location of CP;</p><p align="left">— pitching moments (due to wing CP movement);</p><p align="left">— stall speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph:</p><p align="left">— indicate the variation in C_L at any given a;</p><p align="left">— indicate their effect on C_LMAX;</p><p align="left">— indicate their effect on critical a;</p><p align="left">— indicate their effect on the a at a given C_L.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph:</p><p align="left">— indicate how the (C_L/C_D)_MAX differs from that of a clean wing.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of trailing-edge flap deflection on the glide angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe flap asymmetry:</p><p align="left">— explain the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe trailing-edge flap effect on take-off and landing:</p><p align="left">— explain the advantages of lower-nose attitudes;</p><p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of flap-setting errors, such as mis-selection and premature/late extension or retraction of flaps, on:</p><p align="left">— take-off and landing distance and speeds;</p><p align="left">— climb and descent performance; </p><p align="left">— stall buffet margins.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 09 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Leading-edge devices and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the different types of leading-edge high‑lift devices:</p><p align="left">— Krueger flaps;</p><p align="left">— variable camber flaps;</p><p align="left">— slats.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the function of the slot.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases with a leading-edge flap.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of leading-edge flaps on the stall speed, also in comparison with trailing-edge flaps.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph, compared with trailing-edge flaps and a clean wing:</p><p align="left">— indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on C_LMAX;</p><p align="left">— explain how the C_L curve differs from that of a clean wing;</p><p align="left">— indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe slat asymmetry:</p><p>– describe the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the reasons for using leading-edge high‑lift devices on take-off and landing:</p><p align="left">— explain the disadvantage of increased nose-up attitudes;</p><p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 09 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Vortex generators</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the purpose of vortex generators.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the basic operating principle of vortex generators.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State their advantages and disadvantages.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 10 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Means to reduce the C_L–C_D ratio</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 10 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Spoilers and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the aerodynamic functioning of spoilers:</p><p>— roll spoilers;</p><p>— flight spoilers (speed brakes);</p><p>— ground spoilers (lift dumpers).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of spoilers on the C_L–a graph and stall speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of spoilers on the C_L–C_Dgraph and lift-drag ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 10 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Speed brakes and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe speed brakes and the reasons for using them in the different phases of flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State their influence on the C_L–C_D graph and <br/> lift–drag ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how speed brakes increase parasite drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how speed brakes affect the minimum drag speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe their effect on rate and angle of descent.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 11 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Intentionally left blank</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 01 12 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Aerodynamic degradation</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 12 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Ice and other contaminants</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the locations on an aeroplane where ice build-up will occur during flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the aerodynamic effects of ice and other contaminants on:</p><p align="left">— lift (maximum C_L);</p><p align="left">— drag;</p><p align="left">— stall speed;</p><p align="left">— a_CRIT;</p><p align="left">— stability and controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the aerodynamic effects of icing during take-off.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 01 12 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Deformation and modification of airframe, ageing aeroplanes</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of airframe deformation and modification of an ageing aeroplane on aeroplane performance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect on boundary layer condition of an ageing aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Speeds</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Speed of sound</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘speed of sound’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the variation of the speed of sound with altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of temperature on the speed of sound.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Mach number</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘Mach number’ as a function of TAS and speed of sound.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Influence of temperature and altitude on Mach number</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the absence of change of Mach number with varying temperature at constant flight level and calibrated airspeed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between Mach number, TAS and IAS during climb and descent at constant Mach number or IAS, and explain variation of lift coefficient, α, pitch and flight-path angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain:</p><p align="left">— risk of exceeding the maximum operation speed (VMO) when descending at constant Mach number;</p><p align="left">— risk of exceeding the maximum operating Mach number (M_MO) when climbing at constant IAS;</p><p align="left">— risk of a low-speed stall at high altitude when climbing at a too low Mach number.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Compressibility</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that compressibility means that density can change along a streamline, and that this occurs in the high subsonic (from Mach 0.4), transonic, and supersonic flow.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that compressibility negatively affects the pressure gradient, leading to an overall reduction of the C_L.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that Mach number is a measure of compressibility.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe that compressibility increases low‑speed stall speed and decreases α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 01 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Subdivision of aerodynamic flow</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the subdivision of aerodynamic flow:</p><p align="left">— subsonic flow below compressibility;</p><p align="left">— subsonic flow above compressibility; </p><p align="left">— transonic flow;</p><p align="left">— supersonic flow.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the characteristics of the flow regimes listed above.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why some transport aeroplanes cruise at Mach numbers above the critical Mach number (M_CRIT).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Shock waves</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Definition of shock wave</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define a ‘shock wave’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 02 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Normal shock waves</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe a normal shock wave with respect to changes in:</p><p align="left">— static temperature;</p><p align="left">— static and total pressure;</p><p align="left">— velocity;</p><p align="left">— local speed of sound;</p><p align="left">— Mach number;</p><p align="left">— density.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe a normal shock wave with respect to orientation relative to the wing surface.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of increasing Mach number on a normal shock wave, at positive lift, with respect to:</p><p align="left">— strength;</p><p align="left">— position relative to the wing;</p><p align="left">— second shock wave at the lower surface.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of a on shock-wave intensity and shock-wave location at constant Mach number.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Effects of exceeding the critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘M_CRIT’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how a change in a, aeroplane weight, manoeuvres, and centre-of-gravity (CG) position influences M_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on lift</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the behaviour of C_Lversus Mach number at constant a.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the consequences of exceeding M_CRIT with respect to C_L and C_LMAX. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the change in stall indicated airspeed (IAS) with altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect on α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the advantages of exceeding M_CRIT in aeroplanes with supercritical aerofoils with respect to:</p><p align="left">— speed versus drag ratio;</p><p align="left">— specific range;</p><p align="left">— optimum altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 03 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on drag</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe wave drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the behaviour of C_D versus Mach number at constant a.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of Mach number on the C_L–C_D graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effects and hazards of exceeding M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}, namely:</p><p align="left">— drag rise;</p><p align="left">— instability;</p><p align="left">— Mach tuck;</p><p align="left">— shock stall.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the relation between M_CRIT and M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 03 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on pitching moment</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect of Mach number on the CP location. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the overall change in pitching moment above M_CRIT and explain the ‘tuck under’ or ‘Mach tuck’ effect.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the requirement for a Mach trim system to compensate for the effect of the CP movement and ‘tuck under’ effect.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the aerodynamic functioning of the Mach trim system.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the corrective measures if the Mach trim fails.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 03 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effect on control effectiveness</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effects on the effectiveness of control surfaces.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 02 05 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Means to influence critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 05 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Wing sweep</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the angle of sweep on:</p><p align="left">— M_CRIT;</p><p align="left">— effective thickness/chord change or velocity component perpendicular to the quarter chord line.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of the angle of sweepback at subsonic speed on:</p><p align="left">— C_LMAX;</p><p align="left">— efficiency of and requirement for high-lift devices;</p><p align="left">— pitch-up stall behaviour.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect of wing sweepback on drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 05 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Aerofoil shape</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the use of thin aerofoils with reduced camber.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the main purpose of supercritical aerofoils.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the advantages and disadvantages of supercritical aerofoils for wing design.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 02 05 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Vortex generators</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the use of vortex generators as a means to avoid or restrict flow separation caused by the presence of a normal shock wave.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 03 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Stall, Mach tuck, and upset prevention and recovery</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 03 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>The stall</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Flow separation at increasing α</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘boundary layer’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the thickness of a typical laminar and turbulent boundary layer.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the laminar boundary layer.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the turbulent boundary layer.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘transition point’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the laminar boundary layer separates easier than the turbulent boundary layer does.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe why the airflow over the aft part of a wing slows down as the α increases.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘separation point’ and describe its location as a function of α.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe in straight and level flight the influence of increasing the α and the phenomenon that may occur regarding:</p><p align="left">— the forward stagnation point;</p><p align="left">— the pressure distribution;</p><p align="left">— the CP location (straight and swept-back wing);</p><p align="left">— C_L;</p><p align="left">— C_D and D (drag);</p><p align="left">— the pitching moment (straight and swept-back wing);</p><p align="left">— buffet onset;</p><p align="left">— deterrent buffet for a clean wing at high Mach number;</p><p align="left">— lack of pitch authority;</p><p align="left">— uncommanded pitch down;</p><p align="left">— uncommanded roll.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain what causes the possible natural buffet on the aeroplane in a pre-stall condition.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effectiveness of the flight controls in a pre-stall condition.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(13)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain the normal post-stall behaviour of a straight-wing aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(14)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect and dangers of using the controls close to the stall.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(15)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the deterrent buffet.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(16)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the occurrence of the deterrent buffet and why this phenomenon is considered to be a stall limit.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The stall speed</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain V_S0, V_S1, V_SR, and V_S1G.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Solve V_S1G from the lift formula given varying C_L.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain the influence of the following parameters on stall speed:</p><p align="left">— CG;</p><p align="left">— thrust component;</p><p align="left">— slipstream;</p><p align="left">— wing loading;</p><p align="left">— mass;</p><p align="left">— wing contamination;</p><p align="left">— angle of sweep;</p><p align="left">— altitude (for compressibility effects, see 081 02 03 02).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘load factor n’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the load factor increases in a turn.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the load factor increases in a pull-up and decreases in a push-over manoeuvre.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain the influence of the ‘load factor n’ on stall speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the expression ‘accelerated stall’.</p><p><i>Remark: Sometimes, accelerated stall is also erroneously referred to as high-speed stall. This latter expression will not be used for Subject 081.</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the load factor.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the increase of stall speed in a horizontal coordinated turn as a function of bank angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the gross mass.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The initial stall in spanwise direction</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the initial stall sequence on the following planforms:</p><p align="left">— elliptical;</p><p align="left">— rectangular;</p><p align="left">— moderate and high taper;</p><p align="left">— sweepback or delta.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the purpose of aerodynamic and geometric twist (washout).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of fences, vortilons, saw teeth, vortex generators, and strakes on engine nacelles.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Stall warning</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why stall warning is necessary.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain when aerodynamic and artificial stall warnings are used.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why CS-23 and CS-25 require a margin to stall speed for take-off and landing speeds.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe:</p><p align="left">— buffet;</p><p align="left">— stall strip;</p><p align="left">— flapper switch (leading-edge stall-warning vane);</p><p align="left">— angle-of-attack vane;</p><p align="left">— angle-of-attack probe;</p><p align="left">— stick shaker.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the recovery after:</p><p align="left">— stall warning;</p><p align="left">— stall;</p><p align="left">— stick-pusher actuation.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><b>081 03 01 05</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b>Special phenomena of stall</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the difference between power-off and power-on stalls and recovery.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe stall and recovery in a climbing and descending turn.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the pitch-up effect on a swept wing aeroplane and also an aeroplane with a T-tail.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe super stall or deep stall.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the philosophy behind the stick-pusher system.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the factors that can lead to the absence of stall warning and explain the associated risks.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the indications and explain the consequences of premature stabiliser stall due to ice contamination (negative tail stall).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe when to expect in-flight icing.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how the effect is changed when retracting/extending lift-augmentation devices.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of a contaminated wing on the stall speed and α_CRIT.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(13)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the hazards associated with airframe contamination when parked and during ground operations in winter conditions, and the aerodynamic effects when attempting a take-off.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(14)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain de-icing/anti-icing holdover time and the likely hazards after it has expired.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(15)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the aerodynamic effects of heavy tropical rain on stall speed and drag, and the appropriate mitigation in such conditions.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 01 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The spin</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how to avoid spins.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the factors that cause a spin to develop.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe an ‘incipient’ and ‘developed’ spin, recognition and recovery.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the differences in spin attitude with forward and aft CG. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 03 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Buffet onset boundary</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Mach buffet</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain shock-induced separation, and describe its relationship with Mach buffet (high speed buffet) and Mach tuck.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 02 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Buffet onset</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the concept of buffet margin, and describe the influence of the following parameters on the concept of buffet margin:</p><p align="left">— a;</p><p align="left">— Mach number;</p><p align="left">— pressure altitude;</p><p align="left">— mass;</p><p align="left">— load factor;</p><p align="left">— angle of bank;</p><p align="left">— CG location.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how the buffet onset boundary chart can be used to determine:</p><p align="left">— manoeuvrability;</p><p align="left">— buffet margin.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the consequences of exceeding M_MO: light buffet, buffet onset.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain ‘aerodynamic ceiling’ and ‘coffin corner’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the concept of the ‘1.3g’ buffet margin altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Find (using an example graph):</p><p align="left">— buffet free range;</p><p align="left">— aerodynamic ceiling at a given mass;</p><p align="left">— load factor and bank angle at which buffet occurs at a given mass, Mach number, and pressure altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why descent increases the buffet free range.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><b>081 03 03 00</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b>Situations in which buffet or stall could occur</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><b>081 03 03 01</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b>Explain why buffet or stall occurs</b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following pilot-induced situations, and the methods to mitigate them: </p><p align="left">— inappropriate take-off configuration, detailing the consequences of errors associated with leading-edge devices;</p><p align="left">— steep turns;</p><p align="left">— go-around using take-off/go-around (TOGA) setting (underslung engines).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at low altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p><p align="left">— thunderstorms;</p><p align="left">— wind shear and microburst;</p><p align="left">— turbulence;</p><p align="left">— wake turbulence;</p><p align="left">— icing conditions.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at high altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p><p align="left">— thunderstorms in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ);</p><p align="left">— jet streams;</p><p align="left">— clear-air turbulence.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following situations, and how to mitigate them:</p><p align="left">— inappropriate autopilot climb mode;</p><p align="left">— loss of, or unreliable, airspeed indication.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 03 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Recognition of stalled condition</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 03 04 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Recognition and explanation of stalled condition</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why a stalled condition can occur at any airspeed, or attitude or altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain that a stall may be recognised by continuous stall-warning activation accompanied by at least one of the following:</p><p align="left">— buffet, that can be heavy;</p><p align="left">— lack of pitch authority;</p><p align="left">— uncommanded pitch down and uncommanded roll;</p><p align="left">— inability to arrest the descent rate.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain that ‘stall warning’ means a natural or synthetic indication provided when approaching the stall that may include one or more of the following indications:</p><p align="left">— aerodynamic buffeting;</p><p align="left">— reduced roll stability and aileron effectiveness;</p><p align="left">— visual or aural clues and warnings;</p><p align="left">— reduced elevator (pitch) authority;</p><p align="left">— inability to maintain altitude or arrest a rate of descent;</p><p align="left">— stick-shaker activation.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>STABILITY</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Static and dynamic stability</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Basics and definitions</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘static stability’:</p><p align="left">— describe/identify a statically stable, neutral, and unstable condition (positive, neutral, and negative static stability), and</p><p align="left">— explain why aeroplanes are statically stable.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain manoeuvrability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between static stability and manoeuvrability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘dynamic stability’:</p><p align="left">— describe/identify a dynamically stable, neutral, and unstable motion (positive, neutral, and negative dynamic stability);</p><p align="left">— describe/identify periodic and aperiodic motion.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Precondition for static stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain an equilibrium of forces and moments as the initial condition for static stability. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Sum of forces</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify the forces considered in the equilibrium of forces.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Sum of moments</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify the moments about all three axes considered in the equilibrium of moments.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect of sum of moments not being zero.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Intentionally left blank</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Static and dynamic longitudinal stability</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Methods for achieving balance</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the stabiliser as the means to satisfy the condition of nullifying the total sum of the moments about the lateral axis.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the location of the wing CP relative to the CG on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the indicated airspeed on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the use of the elevator deflection or stabiliser angle for the generation of the balancing force and its direction.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the elevator deflection required to balance thrust change as a function of engine position.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Static longitudinal stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effect of the CG location on pitch manoeuvrability and longitudinal stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Neutral point</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘neutral point’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the location of the neutral point is only dependent on the aerodynamic design of the aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting neutral point</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the location of the neutral point relative to the locations of the aerodynamic centre of the wing and tail.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the CG location on the static longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the CG forward and aft limits with respect to:</p><p align="left">— longitudinal control forces;</p><p align="left">— elevator effectiveness;</p><p align="left">— stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘static margin’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The C_m–</i><i>a graph</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the C_m–a graph with respect to the relationship between the slope of the graph and static stability. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 07</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting the C_m–</i><i>a graph </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain:</p><p align="left">— the effect on the C_m–a graph of a shift of CG in the forward and aft direction;</p><p align="left">— the effect on the C_m–a graph when the elevator is moved up or down;</p><p align="left">— the effect on the C_m–a graph when the trim is moved;</p><p align="left">— the effect of the wing contribution;</p><p align="left">— the tail contribution.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 08</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 09</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 10</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The stick force versus speed graph (IAS) </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how a pilot perceives stable static longitudinal stick force stability regarding changes in:</p><p align="left">— speed;</p><p align="left">— altitude;</p><p align="left">— mass distribution (CG location).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 11</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 12</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘stick force per g’, and describe that the stick force increases linearly with increase in g.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why:</p><p align="left">— the stick force per g has a prescribed minimum and maximum value;</p><p align="left">— the stick force per g decreases with pressure altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 13</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 14</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence on stick force per g of:</p><p align="left">— CG location;</p><p align="left">— trim setting.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 15</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 03 16</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Dynamic longitudinal stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the phugoid and short-period motion in terms of period, damping, variations (if applicable) in speed, altitude, and α.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the short-period motion is more hazardous than the phugoid.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe ‘pilot-induced oscillations’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of high altitude on dynamic stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of the CG location on the dynamic longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Static directional stability</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 04 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Definition and effects of static directional stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘static directional stability’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of static directional stability being too weak or too strong.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 04 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Sideslip angle </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘sideslip angle’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify β as the symbol used for the sideslip angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 04 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Yaw-moment coefficient C_n</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘yawing-moment coefficient C_n’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the relationship between C_n and β for an aeroplane with static directional stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 04 04</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>C_n–β graph </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why:</p><p align="left">— Cn depends on β;</p><p align="left">— Cn equals zero for that β that provides static equilibrium about the aeroplane’s normal axis;</p><p align="left">— if no asymmetric engine thrust, flight control or loading condition prevails, the equilibrium β equals zero.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is a measure for static directional stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is affected by altitude. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 04 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting static directional stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how the following aeroplane components contribute to static directional stability:</p><p align="left">— wing;</p><p align="left">— fin;</p><p align="left">— dorsal fin;</p><p align="left">— ventral fin;</p><p align="left">— angle of sweep of the wing;</p><p align="left">— angle of sweep of the fin;</p><p align="left">— fuselage at high α;</p><p align="left">— strakes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the reduction in static directional stability when the CG moves aft.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 05 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Static lateral stability</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Definition and effects of static lateral stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘static lateral stability’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of static lateral stability being too weak or too strong.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Bank angle Ø</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘bank angle Ø’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The roll-moment coefficient C_l</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define the ‘roll-moment coefficient C_l’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Contribution of sideslip angle (β)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how without coordination the bank angle (Ø) creates sideslip angle (β).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The C_l–β graph </i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the C_l–b graph.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify the slope of the C_l–b graph as a measure for static lateral stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify how the slope of the C_l–β graph is affected by altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 05 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting static lateral stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the contribution to the static lateral stability of:</p><p align="left">— dihedral, anhedral;</p><p align="left">— high wing, low wing;</p><p align="left">— sweep angle of the wing;</p><p align="left">— ventral fin;</p><p align="left">— vertical tail.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 04 06 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Dynamic lateral/directional stability</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 06 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 06 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Tendency to spiral dive</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how lateral and directional stability are coupled.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how high static directional stability and low static lateral stability may cause spiral divergence (unstable spiral dive), and under which conditions the spiral dive mode is neutral or stable.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe an unstable spiral dive mode with respect to deviations in speed, bank angle, nose low-pitch attitude, and decreasing altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 06 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Dutch roll</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe Dutch roll.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain:</p><p align="left">— why Dutch roll occurs when the static lateral stability is higher than static directional stability;</p><p align="left">— the conditions for a stable, neutral or unstable Dutch roll motion;</p><p align="left">— the function of the yaw damper;</p><p align="left">— the actions to be taken when the yaw damper is not available.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how the asymmetric nature of shock waves on both wings, at high Mach numbers, can lead to Dutch roll.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 04 06 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effects of altitude on dynamic stability</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain that increased pressure altitude reduces dynamic lateral/directional stability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>CONTROL</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>General</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Basics — The three planes and three axes</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define:</p><p align="left">— lateral axis;</p><p align="left">— longitudinal axis;</p><p align="left">— normal axis.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p align="left">— Define:</p><p align="left">— pitch angle;</p><p align="left">— bank angle (Ø);</p><p align="left">— yaw angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the motion about the three axes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Name and describe the devices that control these motions.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Camber change</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that camber is changed by movement of a control surface and explain the effect.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Angle-of-attack (α) change</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of local α change by movement of a control surface.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Pitch (longitudinal) control</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Elevator/all-flying tails</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the working principle of the <br/> elevator/all-flying tail and describe its function.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 02 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Downwash effects</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of downwash on the tailplane α.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 02 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 02 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between elevator deflection and CG location to produce a given aeroplane response.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of forward CG limit on pitch control.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 02 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Moments due to engine thrust</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect of engine thrust on pitching moments for different engine locations.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Yaw (directional) control</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>The rudder</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the working principle of the rudder and describe its function.</p><p>State the relationship between rudder deflection and the moment about the normal axis.</p><p>Describe the effect of sideslip on the moment about the normal axis.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Rudder limiting</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why and how rudder deflection is limited on CAT aeroplanes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Roll (lateral) control</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 04 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Ailerons</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the functioning of ailerons.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the adverse effects of aileron deflection. </p><p><i>(Refer to Subjects 081 05 04 04 and 081 06 01 02)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why some aeroplanes have inboard and outboard ailerons.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State that the outboard ailerons are locked beyond a given speed to prevent:</p><p align="left">— over-control;</p><p align="left">— exceeding structural limitations;</p><p align="left">— aeroelastic phenomena (flutter, divergence and aileron reversal).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the use of aileron deflection in normal flight, flight with sideslip, crosswind landings, horizontal turns, flight with <br/> one-engine-inoperative.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘roll rate’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the factors that affect roll rate.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe flaperons and aileron droop.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 04 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 04 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Spoilers</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how spoilers can be used to control the rolling movement in combination with or instead of the ailerons.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 04 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Adverse yaw</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the use of ailerons induces adverse yaw.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 04 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Means to avoid adverse yaw</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how the following reduce adverse yaw:</p><p align="left">— Frise ailerons;</p><p align="left">— differential aileron deflection;</p><p align="left">— rudder aileron cross-coupling;</p><p align="left">— roll spoilers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 05 00</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Roll/yaw interaction</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 05 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Explain roll/yaw interaction</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the secondary effect of roll.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the secondary effect of yaw.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 06 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Means to reduce control forces</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 06 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Aerodynamic balance</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the purpose of aerodynamic balance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the working principle of the horn balance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the working principle of the internal balance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the working principle and application of:</p><p align="left">— balance tab;</p><p align="left">— anti-balance tab;</p><p align="left">— spring tab;</p><p align="left">— servo tab.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 06 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Artificial means</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the differences between fully powered controls and power-assisted controls.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe power-assisted controls.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the advantages of artificial feel in fully powered control.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 07 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Fly-by-wire (FBW)</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 07 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Control laws</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain which parameters may be controlled in level flight with the pitch control law.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the advantages of using the CG position in the FBW system.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain what type of flight-degraded control laws may be available in case of failure.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain what are hard and soft protections.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 05 08 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Trimming</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 08 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Reasons to trim</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the reasons for using trimming devices.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the difference between a trim tab and the various balance tabs.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 08 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Trim tabs</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the working principle of a trim tab including cockpit indications.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 05 08 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Stabiliser trim</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the working principle of a stabiliser trim including the flight deck indications.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the advantages and disadvantages of a stabiliser trim compared to a trim tab.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between CG position, take-off trim setting, and stabiliser trim position.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of errors in the take-off stabiliser trim setting on the rotation characteristics and stick force during take-off rotation.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the effects of jammed and runaway stabiliser.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the consequences of a jammed stabiliser during take-off, landing, and go-around.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 06 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>LIMITATIONS</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 06 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Operating limitations</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Flutter</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the phenomenon of flutter and how IAS and mass distribution affects the likelihood of flutter occurrence. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the use of mass balance to alleviate the flutter problem by adjusting the mass distribution:</p><p align="left">— wing-mounted engines on pylons;</p><p align="left">— control surface mass balance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain what is the flight envelope free of flutter.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Landing gear/flap operating</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the reason for flap/landing gear limitations.</p><p>Define ‘V_LO’.</p><p>Define ‘V_LE’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why there is a difference between V_LO and V_LE in the case of some aeroplane types.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_FE’ and describe flap limiting speeds.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe flap design features, procedures and warnings to prevent overload.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>V_MO, V_NO, and V_NE</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_MO’, ‘V_NO’, and ‘V_NE’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the significance of V_MO, V_NO and V_NE, and the differences between these airspeeds.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the hazards of flying at speeds above V_NE and V_MO.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 01 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>M_MO</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘M_MO’ and state its limiting factors.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 06 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Manoeuvring envelope</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Manoeuvring–load diagram</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the manoeuvring–load diagram.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define limit and ultimate load factor, and explain what can happen if these values are exceeded.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_A’, ‘V_B’, ‘V_C’, and ‘V_D’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify and explain the varying features on the V_N diagram:</p><p align="left">— load factor ‘n’;</p><p align="left">— speed scale, equivalent airspeed;</p><p align="left">— equivalent airspeed envelope;</p><p align="left">— 1g stall speed;</p><p align="left">— stall boundary (refer to 081 03 01 02).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between V_MO or V_NE and V_C.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State all the manoeuvring load-factors limits applicable to CS-23 and CS-25 aeroplanes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between V_A and V_S in a formula, and calculate the values.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the significance of V_A and the adverse consequences of applying full, abrupt nose-up elevator deflection when exceeding V_A.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><b><i>081 06 02 02</i></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring–load diagram</i></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>State the relationship of mass to load-factor limits and accelerated stall speed boundary limit.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the change of V_A with changing mass.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why V_A loses significance at higher altitude.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘M_C’ and ‘M_D’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 06 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Gust envelope</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Gust–load diagram</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Recognise a typical gust–load diagram, and state the minimum gust speeds in ft/s, m/s and kt that the aeroplane must be designed to withstand at V_B to V_C and V_D. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss considerations for the selection of V_RA.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the adverse effects on the aeroplane when flying in turbulence.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 06 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Factors affecting the gust–load diagram</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain the relationship between the gust–load factor and the following: lift–curve slope, aspect ratio, angle of sweep, altitude, wing loading, weight, wing area, equivalent airspeed (EAS), and speed of vertical gust.</p><p>(Note: For examination purposes, the ECQB questions will not be calculation based.)</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 07 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>PROPELLERS</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 07 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Conversion of engine torque to thrust</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Explain conversion of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the resolution of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade element into lift and drag or into thrust and torque.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how propeller thrust and aerodynamic torque vary with IAS.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Relevant propeller parameters</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the geometry of a typical propeller blade element at the reference section:</p><p align="left">— blade chord line;</p><p align="left">— propeller rotational velocity vector;</p><p align="left">— true airspeed vector;</p><p align="left">— blade angle of attack;</p><p align="left">— pitch or blade angle;</p><p align="left">— advance or helix angle.</p><p>Define ‘geometric pitch’, ‘effective pitch’, and ‘propeller slip’.</p><p><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the following definition is used for geometric pitch: the theoretical distance a propeller would advance in one revolution at zero blade angle of attack.</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how the terms ‘fine pitch’ and ‘coarse pitch’ can be used to express blade angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Blade twist</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘blade twist’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why blade twist is necessary.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Fixed pitch and variable pitch/constant speed</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the different types of propellers:</p><p align="left">— fixed pitch;</p><p align="left">— adjustable pitch or variable pitch (non-governing);</p><p align="left">— variable pitch (governing)/constant speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fixed-pitch and constant-speed propellers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss climb and cruise propellers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between blade angle, blade angle of attack, and airspeed for fixed and variable pitch propellers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe and explain the forces that act on a rotating blade element in normal, feathered, windmilling, and reverse operation.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of changing propeller pitch at constant IAS.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Propeller efficiency versus speed</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘propeller efficiency’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain and describe the relationship between propeller efficiency and speed (TAS) for different types of propellers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the relationship between blade angle and thrust.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 01 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Effects of ice on propeller</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effects and hazards of ice on a propeller.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 07 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Engine failure</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Windmilling drag</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effects of an inoperative engine on the performance and controllability of an aeroplane:</p><p align="left">— thrust loss/drag increase;</p><p align="left">— influence on yaw moment during asymmetric power.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><b><i>081 07 02 02</i></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><b><i>Feathering</i></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p><b></b></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p><b></b></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the reasons for feathering a propeller, including the effect on the yaw moment, performance and controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 07 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Design features for power absorption</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Name the propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 03 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Diameter of propeller</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the reasons for restricting propeller diameter.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 03 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Number of blades</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘solidity’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the number of blades.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 03 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Propeller noise</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how propeller noise can be minimised.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 07 04 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Secondary effects of propellers</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 04 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Torque reaction</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effects of engine/propeller torque.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the following methods for counteracting engine/propeller torque:</p><p align="left">— counter-rotating propellers;</p><p align="left">— contra-rotating propellers.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 04 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Gyroscopic precession</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe what causes gyroscopic precession.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effect on the aeroplane due to the gyroscopic effect.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 04 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Slipstream effect</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the possible effects of the rotating propeller slipstream.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 04 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Asymmetric blade effect</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the asymmetric blade effect (also called P factor).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of direction of rotation on the critical engine on twin-engine aeroplanes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 07 04 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Consideration of propeller effects</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe, given direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during take-off run, rotation and initial climb, and their consequence on controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe, given the direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during a go-around and their consequence on controllability.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how propeller effects during go-around can be affected by: </p><p align="left">— high engine performance conditions and their effect on the VMC speeds; </p><p align="left">— loss of the critical engine; </p><p align="left">— crosswind; </p><p align="left">— high flap setting;</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 08 00 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>FLIGHT MECHANICS</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 08 01 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Forces acting on an aeroplane</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 01 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Straight, horizontal, steady flight</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in straight, horizontal, and steady flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>List the four forces and state where they act on.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how the four forces are balanced, including the function of the tailplane.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 01 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Straight, steady climb</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘flight-path angle’ (g).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between pitch attitude, g and α for zero-wind and zero-bank conditions.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady climb.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the parallel forces (T = D + W sin g).</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why thrust is greater than drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why lift is less than weight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the formula (for small angles) that gives the relationship between g, thrust, weight, and lift–drag ratio, and use this formula for simple calculations.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain how IAS, α, and g change in a climb performed with constant vertical speed and constant thrust setting.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 01 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Straight, steady descent</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady descent.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (T = D – W sin g).</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why lift is less than weight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why thrust is less than drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 01 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Straight, steady glide</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady glide.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (D = W sin g).</p><p align="left">— Apply the formula for forces perpendicular to the direction of flight <br/> (L = W cos g).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relationship between the glide gradient and the lift–drag ratio, and calculate glide range given: </p><p align="left">— initial height;</p><p align="left">— L–D ratio;</p><p align="left">— glide speed and wind speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define V_MD (speed for minimum drag) and explain the relationship between α, V_MD and the best lift–drag ratio.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of wind component on glide angle, duration, and distance.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of mass change on glide angle, duration, and distance, given that the aeroplane remains at either the same airspeed or at V_MD.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of configuration change on glide angle and duration.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the relation between TAS, gradient of descent, and rate of descent.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define V_MP (speed for minimum power) and describe that the minimum rate of descent in the glide will be at V_MP, and explain the relationship of this speed to the optimum speed for minimum glide angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Discuss when a pilot could elect to fly for minimum glide rate of descent or minimum glide angle, and why speed stability or headwinds/tailwinds may favour a speed that is faster or slower than the optimum airspeed in still air.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 01 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Steady, coordinated turn</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a steady, coordinated turn.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Resolve the forces that act horizontally and vertically during a coordinated turn</p><p>(tan<div class="image-container"><img alt="EASA EAR image" src="/static/files/file_0P3MCCa9NwA/image004.png"/></div>).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the difference between a coordinated and an uncoordinated turn, and describe how to correct an uncoordinated turn using turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why the angle of bank is independent of mass, and that it only depends on TAS and radius of turn.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(05)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Resolve the forces to show that for a given angle of bank the radius of turn is determined solely by airspeed (tan<div class="image-container"><img alt="EASA EAR image" src="/static/files/file_0P3MCCa9NwA/image004.png"/></div>).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(06)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the turn radius of a steady turn given TAS and angle of bank.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(07)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effects of bank angle on:</p><p>- load factor (LF = 1/cos<div class="image-container"><img alt="EASA EAR image" src="/static/files/file_0P3MCCa9NwA/image005.png"/></div>);</p><p>- α;</p><p>- thrust;</p><p>- drag.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(08)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘angular velocity’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(09)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘rate of turn’ and ‘rate-1 turn’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(10)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of TAS on rate of turn at a given bank angle.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(11) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Calculate the load factor and stall speed in a turn given angle of bank and 1g stall speed.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(12)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain situations in which turn radius is relevant for safety, such as maximum speed limits on departure or arrival plates, or outbound speed categories on approach plates, and the implications/hazards of exceeding given speeds.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(13) </p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the hazards of excessive use of rudder to increase the rate of turn in a swept-wing aeroplane. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 08 02 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Asymmetric thrust</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Jet-engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the effects on the aeroplane of asymmetric thrust during flight, for both jet‑engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain critical engine, and explain, for a propeller-driven aeroplane, the effect of the direction of propeller rotation.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of steady, asymmetric flight on a conventional (ball) slip indicator/turn indicator.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect of a crosswind on asymmetric flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 02</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Balanced moments about the normal axis</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the yaw moments about the CG.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the change to the yaw moment caused by the effect of air density on thrust.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the changes to the yaw moment caused by engine distance from CG.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(04)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the methods to achieve directional balance following engine loss.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 03</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Forces parallel to the lateral axis</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain:</p><p align="left">— the force on the vertical fin;</p><p align="left">— the fuselage side force due to sideslip (using wing-level method);</p><p align="left">— the use of bank angle to tilt the lift vector (in wing-down method).</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the flight hazards at VMC:</p><p align="left">— α;</p><p align="left">— side slip;</p><p align="left">— loads on the fin;</p><p align="left">— α on the fin.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the effect on fin α due to sideslip.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 04</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Influence of aeroplane mass</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why controllability with <br/> one-engine-inoperative is a typical problem arising from the low speeds associated with low aeroplane mass.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 05</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 06</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 07</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Intentionally left blank</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 08</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Minimum control speed (V_MC)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_MC’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how V_MC is determined.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the CG location. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 09</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Minimum control speed during approach and landing (V_MCL)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_MCL’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how V_MCL is determined.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the CG location.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 10</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Minimum control speed on the ground (V_MCG)</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Define ‘V_MCG’.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe how V_MCG is determined. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(03)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain the influence of the CG location.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 02 11</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Influence of density</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Describe the influence of density on thrust during asymmetric flight.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(02)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Explain why V_MC, V_MCL and V_MCGreduce with a reduction in thrust.</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>081 08 03 00</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Significant points on a polar curve</p></td><td valign="top" width="54"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p><i>081 08 03 01</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="32"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p><i>Identify and explain</i></p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="63"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="27"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="80"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="47"><p></p></td><td valign="top" width="78"><p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="85"><p>(01)</p></td><td valign="top" width="32"></td><td valign="top" width="283"><p>Identify and explain the significant points on a polar curve. </p></td><td valign="top" width="54"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="45"><p>X</p></td><td valign="top" width="63"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="27"></td><td valign="top" width="80"></td><td valign="top" width="45"></td><td valign="top" width="47"></td><td valign="top" width="78"></td></tr></table> ##### SUBJECT 081 – PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT – AEROPLANES *ED Decision 2020/018/R* (1) The following standard symbols and their corresponding meanings are used for certain mathematical operations: \* multiplication ≥ greater than or equal to ≤ less than or equal to SQRT(…) square root of the function, symbol or number in round brackets (2) Normally, it should be assumed that the effect of a variable under review is the only variation that needs to be addressed, unless specifically stated otherwise. (3) Candidates are expected in simple calculations to be able to convert knots (kt) into metres/second (m/s), and know the appropriate conversion factors by heart. (4) In the subsonic range, as covered under Subject 081 01, compressibility effects normally are not considered, unless specifically mentioned. (5) For those questions related to propellers (Subject 081 07), as a simplification of the physical reality, the inflow speed into the propeller plane is taken as the aeroplane’s true airspeed (TAS). (6) In addition, when discussing propeller rotational direction, it will always be specified as seen from behind the propeller plane. (7) Note that the term ‘mass’ is used to describe a quantity of matter, and ‘weight’ when describing the force. However, the term ‘weight’ is normally used in aviation to colloquially describe ‘mass’. The professional pilot should always note the units to determine whether the term ‘weight’ is being used to describe a force (e.g. unit newton) or quantity of matter (e.g. unit kilogram). <table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0"> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <thead> <tr> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Syllabus reference</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>BK</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Syllabus details and associated Learning Objectives</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3"><p align="center"> <b>Helicopter</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>IR</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>CB-IR(A) </b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2" valign="top"><p align="center"> <b>BIR Exam</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2" valign="top"><p align="center"> <b>BIR BK</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Remarks</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>CPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL/IR</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>CPL</b></p> </td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>080 00 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT </b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 00 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT — AEROPLANES</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>SUBSONIC AERODYNAMICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Basics, laws and definitions</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 01 </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Laws and definitions</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the international system of units of measurement (SI) for mass, acceleration, weight, velocity, energy, density, temperature, pressure, force, wing loading, and power.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘mass’, ‘force’, ‘acceleration’, and ‘weight’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State and interpret Newton’s three laws of motion.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the atmospheric properties that effect air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how temperature and pressure changes affect air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static pressure’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘dynamic pressure’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the formula for ‘dynamic pressure’. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe dynamic pressure in terms of an indication of the energy in the system, and how it is related to indicated airspeed (IAS) and air density for a given altitude and speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible flow. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘total pressure’ and explain that the total pressure differs in different systems.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Apply Bernoulli’s equation to flow through a venturi stream tube for incompressible flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how IAS is acquired from the pitot static system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between density, temperature, and pressure for air. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the equation of continuity and its application to the flow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (17)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘IAS’, ‘CAS’, ‘EAS’, and ‘TAS’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics of airflow</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe steady and unsteady airflow. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of a streamline and a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain airflow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between two- and three‑dimensional airflow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerodynamic forces on aerofoils </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the originating point and direction of the resultant force caused by the pressure distribution around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the resultant force into the components ‘lift’ and ‘drag’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the direction of lift and drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘aerodynamic moment’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that affect the aerodynamic moment.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic moment for a symmetrical aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic moment for a positively and negatively cambered aerofoil. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angle of attack’ (a).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Shape of an aerofoil section</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: leading edge.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: trailing edge.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> chord line. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: thickness-to-chord ratio or relative thickness.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: location of maximum thickness.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber line.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> nose radius.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a symmetrical and an asymmetrical aerofoil section.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Wing shape</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: span.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: tip and root chord.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: taper ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing area.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing planform.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean geometric chord.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean aerodynamic chord (MAC).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: dihedral angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: sweep angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing twist, geometric and aerodynamic.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: angle of incidence.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: In certain textbooks, angle of incidence is used as angle of attack (α). For Part-FCL theoretical knowledge examination purposes, this use is discontinued, and the angle of incidence is defined as the angle between the aeroplane longitudinal axis and the wing-root chord line.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Two-dimensional airflow around an aerofoil</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Streamline pattern</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the streamline pattern around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe converging and diverging streamlines, and their effect on static pressure and velocity.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe upwash and downwash.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stagnation point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the stagnation point.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the movement of the stagnation point as the α changes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Pressure distribution</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe pressure distribution and local speeds around an aerofoil including effects of camber and α. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Intentionally left blank</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Centre of pressure (CP) and aerodynamic centre (AC)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain CP and AC.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Drag and wake</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List two physical phenomena that cause drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe skin friction drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe form (pressure) drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why drag and wake cause loss of energy (momentum).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of angle of attack (α)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of α on lift.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>) – angle of attack (</i><i>a</i><i>) graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_L–α graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significant points: </p> <p align="left"> — point where the curve crosses the horizontal axis (zero lift);</p> <p align="left"> — point where the curve crosses the vertical axis (α = 0);</p> <p align="left">— point where the curve reaches its maximum (C_LMAX).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Coefficients</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>General use of coefficients</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why coefficients are used in general.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>) </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the lift formula, the factors that affect lift, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of camber on the C_L–a graph (symmetrical and positively/negatively cambered aerofoils).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the typical difference in the C_L–a graph for fast and slow aerofoil design.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘C_LMAX’ (maximum lift coefficient) and ‘a_CRIT’ (stalling a) on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe C_L and explain the variables that affect it in low subsonic flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Drag </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the two-dimensional drag formula.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of the shape of a body, cross‑sectional area, and surface roughness on the drag coefficient.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Three-dimensional airflow around an aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Angle of attack (α)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angle of attack’ (α).</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the angle-of-attack definition requires a reference line. This reference line for 3D has been chosen to be the longitudinal axis and for 2D the chord line.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between the α and the attitude of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Streamline pattern</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the general streamline pattern around the wing, tail section, and fuselage.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain and describe the causes of spanwise flow over top and bottom surfaces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe wing tip vortices and their contribution to downwash behind the wing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why wing tip vortices vary with α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe spanwise lift distribution including the effect of wing planform.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the causes, distribution and duration of the wake turbulence behind an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of flap deflection on the wing tip vortex.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the parameters that influence wake turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Induced drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the factors that cause induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the approximate formula for the induced drag coefficient (including variables but excluding constants).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between induced drag and total drag in straight and level flight with variable speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of mass on induced drag at a given IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the means to reduce induced drag:</p> <p align="left"> — aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — winglets;</p> <p align="left"> — tip tanks;</p> <p align="left"> — wing twist;</p> <p align="left">— camber change.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of lift distribution on induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of downwash on the effective airflow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain induced and effective local α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the induced α on the direction of the lift vector.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between induced drag and:</p> <p align="left"> — speed;</p> <p align="left"> — aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — wing planform;</p> <p align="left">— bank angle in a horizontal coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the induced drag coefficient and its relationship with the lift coefficient and aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of induced drag on:</p> <p align="left"> — the CL–α graph, and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low‑aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left"> — the C_L–C_D (aeroplane polar), and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low-aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left">— the parabolic aeroplane polar in a graph and as a formula [C_D = C_PD + kC_L²], where C_D = coefficient of drag and <br/> C_PD = coefficient of parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_L–C_D graph (polar).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Indicate minimum drag on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the C_L–C_D ratio is important as a measure of performance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Intentionally left blank</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Total drag</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Total drag in relation to parasite drag and induced drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that total drag consists of parasite drag and induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Parasite drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the types of drag that are included in parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe form (pressure) drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe interference drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe friction drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Parasite drag and speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between parasite drag and speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Induced drag and speed </i></b> </p> <p align="left"><i>(Refer to 081 01 04 03) </i> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Total drag </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the total drag–speed graph and the constituent drag components.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Indicate the speed for minimum drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Variables affecting the total drag–speed graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of aeroplane gross mass on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of pressure altitude on:</p> <p align="left"> — drag–IAS graph;</p> <p align="left">— drag–TAS graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe speed stability from the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe non-stable, neutral, and stable IAS regions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what happens to the IAS and drag in the non-stable region if speed suddenly decreases and why this could occur.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Ground effect</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of ground effect </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of ground effect on wing tip vortices, downwash, airflow pattern, lift, and drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on induced a and the coefficient of induced drag (C_Di).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of entering and leaving ground effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on stalling angle of attack (α</i>_<i>CRIT</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on the effective a and C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on take-off and landing characteristics of an aeroplane</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on take‑off and landing characteristics and performance of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the difference in take-off and landing characteristics of high- and low-wing aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 07 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>The relationship between lift coefficient and speed in steady, straight, and level flight</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 07 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Represented by an equation</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on C_L during speed increase/decrease in steady, straight, and level flight, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 07 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Represented by a graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain, by using a graph, the effect on speed of C_L changes at a given weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 08 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 09 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>CLMAX augmentation</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Trailing-edge flaps and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the following types of trailing-edge flaps:</p> <p align="left"> — split flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — plain flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — slotted flaps;</p> <p align="left">— Fowler flaps.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases the C_L and C_D, and the reasons why this can be beneficial.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe their effect on:</p> <p align="left"> — the location of CP;</p> <p align="left"> — pitching moments (due to wing CP movement);</p> <p align="left">— stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph:</p> <p align="left"> — indicate the variation in C_L at any given a;</p> <p align="left"> — indicate their effect on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — indicate their effect on critical a;</p> <p align="left">— indicate their effect on the a at a given C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph:</p> <p align="left">— indicate how the (C_L/C_D)_MAX differs from that of a clean wing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of trailing-edge flap deflection on the glide angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flap asymmetry:</p> <p align="left">— explain the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe trailing-edge flap effect on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left"> — explain the advantages of lower-nose attitudes;</p> <p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of flap-setting errors, such as mis-selection and premature/late extension or retraction of flaps, on:</p> <p align="left"> — take-off and landing distance and speeds;</p> <p align="left"> — climb and descent performance; </p> <p align="left">— stall buffet margins.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Leading-edge devices and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the different types of leading-edge high‑lift devices:</p> <p align="left"> — Krueger flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — variable camber flaps;</p> <p align="left">— slats.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the function of the slot.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases with a leading-edge flap.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of leading-edge flaps on the stall speed, also in comparison with trailing-edge flaps.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph, compared with trailing-edge flaps and a clean wing:</p> <p align="left"> — indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — explain how the C_L curve differs from that of a clean wing;</p> <p align="left">— indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe slat asymmetry:</p> <p align="left"> – describe the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for using leading-edge high‑lift devices on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left"> — explain the disadvantage of increased nose-up attitudes;</p> <p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Vortex generators</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the purpose of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the basic operating principle of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State their advantages and disadvantages.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 10 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to reduce the C_L–C_D ratio</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 10 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Spoilers and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="justify"> Describe the aerodynamic functioning of spoilers:</p> <p> — roll spoilers;</p> <p> — flight spoilers (speed brakes);</p> <p>— ground spoilers (lift dumpers).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="justify"> Describe the effect of spoilers on the C_L–a graph and stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of spoilers on the C_L–C_Dgraph and lift-drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 10 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Speed brakes and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe speed brakes and the reasons for using them in the different phases of flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State their influence on the C_L–C_D graph and <br/> lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how speed brakes increase parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how speed brakes affect the minimum drag speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe their effect on rate and angle of descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 11 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 12 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Aerodynamic degradation</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 12 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Ice and other contaminants</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the locations on an aeroplane where ice build-up will occur during flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the aerodynamic effects of ice and other contaminants on:</p> <p align="left"> — lift (maximum C_L);</p> <p align="left"> — drag;</p> <p align="left"> — stall speed;</p> <p align="left"> — a_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">— stability and controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the aerodynamic effects of icing during take-off.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 12 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Deformation and modification of airframe, ageing aeroplanes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of airframe deformation and modification of an ageing aeroplane on aeroplane performance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on boundary layer condition of an ageing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Speeds</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Speed of sound</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘speed of sound’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the variation of the speed of sound with altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of temperature on the speed of sound.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Mach number</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘Mach number’ as a function of TAS and speed of sound.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of temperature and altitude on Mach number</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the absence of change of Mach number with varying temperature at constant flight level and calibrated airspeed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between Mach number, TAS and IAS during climb and descent at constant Mach number or IAS, and explain variation of lift coefficient, α, pitch and flight-path angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — risk of exceeding the maximum operation speed (VMO) when descending at constant Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — risk of exceeding the maximum operating Mach number (M_MO) when climbing at constant IAS;</p> <p align="left">— risk of a low-speed stall at high altitude when climbing at a too low Mach number.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Compressibility</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that compressibility means that density can change along a streamline, and that this occurs in the high subsonic (from Mach 0.4), transonic, and supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that compressibility negatively affects the pressure gradient, leading to an overall reduction of the C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that Mach number is a measure of compressibility.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe that compressibility increases low‑speed stall speed and decreases α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Subdivision of aerodynamic flow</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the subdivision of aerodynamic flow:</p> <p align="left"> — subsonic flow below compressibility;</p> <p align="left"> — subsonic flow above compressibility; </p> <p align="left"> — transonic flow;</p> <p align="left">— supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the characteristics of the flow regimes listed above.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why some transport aeroplanes cruise at Mach numbers above the critical Mach number (M_CRIT).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Shock waves</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition of shock wave</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define a ‘shock wave’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Normal shock waves</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a normal shock wave with respect to changes in:</p> <p align="left"> — static temperature;</p> <p align="left"> — static and total pressure;</p> <p align="left"> — velocity;</p> <p align="left"> — local speed of sound;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach number;</p> <p align="left">— density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a normal shock wave with respect to orientation relative to the wing surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of increasing Mach number on a normal shock wave, at positive lift, with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — strength;</p> <p align="left"> — position relative to the wing;</p> <p align="left">— second shock wave at the lower surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of a on shock-wave intensity and shock-wave location at constant Mach number.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Effects of exceeding the critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Critical Mach number (M</i>_<i>CRIT</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_CRIT’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how a change in a, aeroplane weight, manoeuvres, and centre-of-gravity (CG) position influences M_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on lift</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the behaviour of C_Lversus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the consequences of exceeding M_CRIT with respect to C_L and C_LMAX. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the change in stall indicated airspeed (IAS) with altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages of exceeding M_CRIT in aeroplanes with supercritical aerofoils with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — speed versus drag ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — specific range;</p> <p align="left">— optimum altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe wave drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the behaviour of C_D versus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of Mach number on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects and hazards of exceeding M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}, namely:</p> <p align="left"> — drag rise;</p> <p align="left"> — instability;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach tuck;</p> <p align="left">— shock stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the relation between M_CRIT and M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on pitching moment</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of Mach number on the CP location. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the overall change in pitching moment above M_CRIT and explain the ‘tuck under’ or ‘Mach tuck’ effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the requirement for a Mach trim system to compensate for the effect of the CP movement and ‘tuck under’ effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the aerodynamic functioning of the Mach trim system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the corrective measures if the Mach trim fails.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on control effectiveness</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effects on the effectiveness of control surfaces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to influence critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Wing sweep</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the angle of sweep on:</p> <p align="left"> — M_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">— effective thickness/chord change or velocity component perpendicular to the quarter chord line.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of the angle of sweepback at subsonic speed on:</p> <p align="left"> — C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — efficiency of and requirement for high-lift devices;</p> <p align="left">— pitch-up stall behaviour.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of wing sweepback on drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerofoil shape</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of thin aerofoils with reduced camber.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the main purpose of supercritical aerofoils.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages and disadvantages of supercritical aerofoils for wing design.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Vortex generators</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of vortex generators as a means to avoid or restrict flow separation caused by the presence of a normal shock wave.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Stall, Mach tuck, and upset prevention and recovery</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>The stall</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Flow separation at increasing α</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘boundary layer’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the thickness of a typical laminar and turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the laminar boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘transition point’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the laminar boundary layer separates easier than the turbulent boundary layer does.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe why the airflow over the aft part of a wing slows down as the α increases.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘separation point’ and describe its location as a function of α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe in straight and level flight the influence of increasing the α and the phenomenon that may occur regarding:</p> <p align="left"> — the forward stagnation point;</p> <p align="left"> — the pressure distribution;</p> <p align="left"> — the CP location (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left"> — C_L;</p> <p align="left"> — C_D and D (drag);</p> <p align="left"> — the pitching moment (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left"> — buffet onset;</p> <p align="left"> — deterrent buffet for a clean wing at high Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left"> — uncommanded pitch down;</p> <p align="left">— uncommanded roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what causes the possible natural buffet on the aeroplane in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effectiveness of the flight controls in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the normal post-stall behaviour of a straight-wing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect and dangers of using the controls close to the stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the deterrent buffet.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the occurrence of the deterrent buffet and why this phenomenon is considered to be a stall limit.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The stall speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain V_S0, V_S1, V_SR, and V_S1G.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Solve V_S1G from the lift formula given varying C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the influence of the following parameters on stall speed:</p> <p align="left"> — CG;</p> <p align="left"> — thrust component;</p> <p align="left"> — slipstream;</p> <p align="left"> — wing loading;</p> <p align="left"> — mass;</p> <p align="left"> — wing contamination;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep;</p> <p align="left">— altitude (for compressibility effects, see 081 02 03 02).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘load factor n’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the load factor increases in a turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the load factor increases in a pull-up and decreases in a push-over manoeuvre.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the influence of the ‘load factor n’ on stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the expression ‘accelerated stall’.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: Sometimes, accelerated stall is also erroneously referred to as high-speed stall. This latter expression will not be used for Subject 081.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the load factor.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the increase of stall speed in a horizontal coordinated turn as a function of bank angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the gross mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The initial stall in spanwise direction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the initial stall sequence on the following planforms:</p> <p align="left"> — elliptical;</p> <p align="left"> — rectangular;</p> <p align="left"> — moderate and high taper;</p> <p align="left">— sweepback or delta.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the purpose of aerodynamic and geometric twist (washout).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of fences, vortilons, saw teeth, vortex generators, and strakes on engine nacelles.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stall warning</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why stall warning is necessary.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain when aerodynamic and artificial stall warnings are used.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why CS-23 and CS-25 require a margin to stall speed for take-off and landing speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe:</p> <p align="left"> — buffet;</p> <p align="left"> — stall strip;</p> <p align="left"> — flapper switch (leading-edge stall-warning vane);</p> <p align="left"> — angle-of-attack vane;</p> <p align="left"> — angle-of-attack probe;</p> <p align="left">— stick shaker.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the recovery after:</p> <p align="left"> — stall warning;</p> <p align="left"> — stall;</p> <p align="left">— stick-pusher actuation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 01 05</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Special phenomena of stall</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between power-off and power-on stalls and recovery.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe stall and recovery in a climbing and descending turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the pitch-up effect on a swept wing aeroplane and also an aeroplane with a T-tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe super stall or deep stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the philosophy behind the stick-pusher system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the factors that can lead to the absence of stall warning and explain the associated risks.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the indications and explain the consequences of premature stabiliser stall due to ice contamination (negative tail stall).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe when to expect in-flight icing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the effect is changed when retracting/extending lift-augmentation devices.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of a contaminated wing on the stall speed and α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the hazards associated with airframe contamination when parked and during ground operations in winter conditions, and the aerodynamic effects when attempting a take-off.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain de-icing/anti-icing holdover time and the likely hazards after it has expired.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic effects of heavy tropical rain on stall speed and drag, and the appropriate mitigation in such conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The spin</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how to avoid spins.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that cause a spin to develop.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe an ‘incipient’ and ‘developed’ spin, recognition and recovery.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the differences in spin attitude with forward and aft CG. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Buffet onset boundary</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Mach buffet</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain shock-induced separation, and describe its relationship with Mach buffet (high speed buffet) and Mach tuck.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Buffet onset</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of buffet margin, and describe the influence of the following parameters on the concept of buffet margin:</p> <p align="left"> — a;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — pressure altitude;</p> <p align="left"> — mass;</p> <p align="left"> — load factor;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of bank;</p> <p align="left">— CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the buffet onset boundary chart can be used to determine:</p> <p align="left"> — manoeuvrability;</p> <p align="left">— buffet margin.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the consequences of exceeding M_MO: light buffet, buffet onset.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain ‘aerodynamic ceiling’ and ‘coffin corner’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of the ‘1.3g’ buffet margin altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Find (using an example graph):</p> <p align="left"> — buffet free range;</p> <p align="left"> — aerodynamic ceiling at a given mass;</p> <p align="left">— load factor and bank angle at which buffet occurs at a given mass, Mach number, and pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why descent increases the buffet free range.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Situations in which buffet or stall could occur</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 03 01</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Explain why buffet or stall occurs</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following pilot-induced situations, and the methods to mitigate them: </p> <p align="left"> — inappropriate take-off configuration, detailing the consequences of errors associated with leading-edge devices;</p> <p align="left"> — steep turns;</p> <p align="left">— go-around using take-off/go-around (TOGA) setting (underslung engines).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> <p align="center"> <br/> </p> <p align="center"><br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at low altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — thunderstorms;</p> <p align="left"> — wind shear and microburst;</p> <p align="left"> — turbulence;</p> <p align="left"> — wake turbulence;</p> <p align="left">— icing conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at high altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — thunderstorms in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ);</p> <p align="left"> — jet streams;</p> <p align="left">— clear-air turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following situations, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — inappropriate autopilot climb mode;</p> <p align="left">— loss of, or unreliable, airspeed indication.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Recognition of stalled condition</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Recognition and explanation of stalled condition</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why a stalled condition can occur at any airspeed, or attitude or altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that a stall may be recognised by continuous stall-warning activation accompanied by at least one of the following:</p> <p align="left"> — buffet, that can be heavy;</p> <p align="left"> — lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left"> — uncommanded pitch down and uncommanded roll;</p> <p align="left">— inability to arrest the descent rate.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that ‘stall warning’ means a natural or synthetic indication provided when approaching the stall that may include one or more of the following indications:</p> <p align="left"> — aerodynamic buffeting;</p> <p align="left"> — reduced roll stability and aileron effectiveness;</p> <p align="left"> — visual or aural clues and warnings;</p> <p align="left"> — reduced elevator (pitch) authority;</p> <p align="left"> — inability to maintain altitude or arrest a rate of descent;</p> <p align="left">— stick-shaker activation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>STABILITY</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static and dynamic stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics and definitions</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static stability’:</p> <p align="left"> — describe/identify a statically stable, neutral, and unstable condition (positive, neutral, and negative static stability), and</p> <p align="left">— explain why aeroplanes are statically stable.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between static stability and manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘dynamic stability’:</p> <p align="left"> — describe/identify a dynamically stable, neutral, and unstable motion (positive, neutral, and negative dynamic stability);</p> <p align="left">— describe/identify periodic and aperiodic motion.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Precondition for static stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain an equilibrium of forces and moments as the initial condition for static stability. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sum of forces</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the forces considered in the equilibrium of forces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sum of moments</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the moments about all three axes considered in the equilibrium of moments.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of sum of moments not being zero.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static and dynamic longitudinal stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Methods for achieving balance</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the stabiliser as the means to satisfy the condition of nullifying the total sum of the moments about the lateral axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the location of the wing CP relative to the CG on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the indicated airspeed on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of the elevator deflection or stabiliser angle for the generation of the balancing force and its direction.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the elevator deflection required to balance thrust change as a function of engine position.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Static longitudinal stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of the CG location on pitch manoeuvrability and longitudinal stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Neutral point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘neutral point’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the location of the neutral point is only dependent on the aerodynamic design of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting neutral point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the location of the neutral point relative to the locations of the aerodynamic centre of the wing and tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location on the static longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the CG forward and aft limits with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — longitudinal control forces;</p> <p align="left"> — elevator effectiveness;</p> <p align="left">— stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static margin’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The C</i>_<i>m</i><i>–</i><i>a</i> <i>graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_m–a graph with respect to the relationship between the slope of the graph and static stability. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the C</i>_<i>m</i><i>–</i><i>a</i> <i>graph </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph of a shift of CG in the forward and aft direction;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph when the elevator is moved up or down;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph when the trim is moved;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect of the wing contribution;</p> <p align="left">— the tail contribution.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 10</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The stick force versus speed graph (IAS) </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how a pilot perceives stable static longitudinal stick force stability regarding changes in:</p> <p align="left"> — speed;</p> <p align="left"> — altitude;</p> <p align="left">— mass distribution (CG location).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 11</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 12</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘stick force per g’, and describe that the stick force increases linearly with increase in g.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why:</p> <p align="left"> — the stick force per g has a prescribed minimum and maximum value;</p> <p align="left">— the stick force per g decreases with pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 13</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 14</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence on stick force per g of:</p> <p align="left"> — CG location;</p> <p align="left">— trim setting.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 15</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 16</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Dynamic longitudinal stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the phugoid and short-period motion in terms of period, damping, variations (if applicable) in speed, altitude, and α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the short-period motion is more hazardous than the phugoid.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe ‘pilot-induced oscillations’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of high altitude on dynamic stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of the CG location on the dynamic longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static directional stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition and effects of static directional stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static directional stability’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of static directional stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sideslip angle </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘sideslip angle’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify β as the symbol used for the sideslip angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Yaw-moment coefficient C</i>_<i>n</i> <i></i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘yawing-moment coefficient C_n’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the relationship between C_n and β for an aeroplane with static directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> 081 04 04 04</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> C_n–β graph </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why:</p> <p align="left"> — Cn depends on β;</p> <p align="left"> — Cn equals zero for that β that provides static equilibrium about the aeroplane’s normal axis;</p> <p align="left">— if no asymmetric engine thrust, flight control or loading condition prevails, the equilibrium β equals zero.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is a measure for static directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is affected by altitude. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting static directional stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the following aeroplane components contribute to static directional stability:</p> <p align="left"> — wing;</p> <p align="left"> — fin;</p> <p align="left"> — dorsal fin;</p> <p align="left"> — ventral fin;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep of the wing;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep of the fin;</p> <p align="left"> — fuselage at high α;</p> <p align="left">— strakes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reduction in static directional stability when the CG moves aft.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static lateral stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition and effects of static lateral stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static lateral stability’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of static lateral stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Bank angle Ø</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘bank angle Ø’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The roll-moment coefficient C</i>_{<i>l </i>}</b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘roll-moment coefficient C_l’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Contribution of sideslip angle (β)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how without coordination the bank angle (Ø) creates sideslip angle (β).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The C</i>_<i>l</i><i>–β graph </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_l–b graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the slope of the C_l–b graph as a measure for static lateral stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_l–β graph is affected by altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting static lateral stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the contribution to the static lateral stability of:</p> <p align="left"> — dihedral, anhedral;</p> <p align="left"> — high wing, low wing;</p> <p align="left"> — sweep angle of the wing;</p> <p align="left"> — ventral fin;</p> <p align="left">— vertical tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Dynamic lateral/directional stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Tendency to spiral dive</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how lateral and directional stability are coupled.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how high static directional stability and low static lateral stability may cause spiral divergence (unstable spiral dive), and under which conditions the spiral dive mode is neutral or stable.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe an unstable spiral dive mode with respect to deviations in speed, bank angle, nose low-pitch attitude, and decreasing altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Dutch roll</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — why Dutch roll occurs when the static lateral stability is higher than static directional stability;</p> <p align="left"> — the conditions for a stable, neutral or unstable Dutch roll motion;</p> <p align="left"> — the function of the yaw damper;</p> <p align="left">— the actions to be taken when the yaw damper is not available.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the asymmetric nature of shock waves on both wings, at high Mach numbers, can lead to Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effects of altitude on dynamic stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that increased pressure altitude reduces dynamic lateral/directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>CONTROL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>General</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics — The three planes and three axes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define:</p> <p align="left"> — lateral axis;</p> <p align="left"> — longitudinal axis;</p> <p align="left">— normal axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> — Define:</p> <p align="left"> — pitch angle;</p> <p align="left"> — bank angle (Ø);</p> <p align="left">— yaw angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the motion about the three axes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name and describe the devices that control these motions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Camber change</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that camber is changed by movement of a control surface and explain the effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Angle-of-attack (α) change</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of local α change by movement of a control surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Pitch (longitudinal) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Elevator/all-flying tails</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the working principle of the <br/> elevator/all-flying tail and describe its function.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Downwash effects</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of downwash on the tailplane α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between elevator deflection and CG location to produce a given aeroplane response.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of forward CG limit on pitch control.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Moments due to engine thrust</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of engine thrust on pitching moments for different engine locations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Yaw (directional) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The rudder</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the working principle of the rudder and describe its function.</p> <p align="left"> State the relationship between rudder deflection and the moment about the normal axis.</p> <p align="left">Describe the effect of sideslip on the moment about the normal axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Rudder limiting</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why and how rudder deflection is limited on CAT aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Roll (lateral) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Ailerons</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the functioning of ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the adverse effects of aileron deflection. </p> <p align="left"><i>(Refer to Subjects 081 05 04 04 and 081 06 01 02)</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why some aeroplanes have inboard and outboard ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that the outboard ailerons are locked beyond a given speed to prevent:</p> <p align="left"> — over-control;</p> <p align="left"> — exceeding structural limitations;</p> <p align="left">— aeroelastic phenomena (flutter, divergence and aileron reversal).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the use of aileron deflection in normal flight, flight with sideslip, crosswind landings, horizontal turns, flight with <br/> one-engine-inoperative.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘roll rate’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that affect roll rate.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flaperons and aileron droop.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Spoilers</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how spoilers can be used to control the rolling movement in combination with or instead of the ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Adverse yaw</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the use of ailerons induces adverse yaw.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Means to avoid adverse yaw</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the following reduce adverse yaw:</p> <p align="left"> — Frise ailerons;</p> <p align="left"> — differential aileron deflection;</p> <p align="left"> — rudder aileron cross-coupling;</p> <p align="left">— roll spoilers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 05 00</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Roll/yaw interaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Explain roll/yaw interaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the secondary effect of roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the secondary effect of yaw.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to reduce control forces</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerodynamic balance</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the purpose of aerodynamic balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of the horn balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of the internal balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle and application of:</p> <p align="left"> — balance tab;</p> <p align="left"> — anti-balance tab;</p> <p align="left"> — spring tab;</p> <p align="left">— servo tab.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Artificial means</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the differences between fully powered controls and power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the advantages of artificial feel in fully powered control.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 07 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Fly-by-wire (FBW)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 07 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Control laws</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain which parameters may be controlled in level flight with the pitch control law.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages of using the CG position in the FBW system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what type of flight-degraded control laws may be available in case of failure.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what are hard and soft protections.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 08 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Trimming</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Reasons to trim</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the reasons for using trimming devices.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between a trim tab and the various balance tabs.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Trim tabs</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of a trim tab including cockpit indications.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stabiliser trim</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of a stabiliser trim including the flight deck indications.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages and disadvantages of a stabiliser trim compared to a trim tab.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between CG position, take-off trim setting, and stabiliser trim position.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of errors in the take-off stabiliser trim setting on the rotation characteristics and stick force during take-off rotation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effects of jammed and runaway stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the consequences of a jammed stabiliser during take-off, landing, and go-around.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>LIMITATIONS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Operating limitations</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Flutter</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the phenomenon of flutter and how IAS and mass distribution affects the likelihood of flutter occurrence. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the use of mass balance to alleviate the flutter problem by adjusting the mass distribution:</p> <p align="left"> — wing-mounted engines on pylons;</p> <p align="left">— control surface mass balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what is the flight envelope free of flutter.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Landing gear/flap operating</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the reason for flap/landing gear limitations.</p> <p align="left"> Define ‘V_LO’.</p> <p align="left">Define ‘V_LE’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why there is a difference between V_LO and V_LE in the case of some aeroplane types.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_FE’ and describe flap limiting speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flap design features, procedures and warnings to prevent overload.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>V</i>_<i>MO</i><i>, V</i>_<i>NO</i><i>, and V</i>_<i>NE</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MO’, ‘V_NO’, and ‘V_NE’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significance of V_MO, V_NO and V_NE, and the differences between these airspeeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the hazards of flying at speeds above V_NE and V_MO.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>M</i>_<i>MO</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_MO’ and state its limiting factors.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Manoeuvring envelope</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Manoeuvring–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the manoeuvring–load diagram.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define limit and ultimate load factor, and explain what can happen if these values are exceeded.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_A’, ‘V_B’, ‘V_C’, and ‘V_D’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify and explain the varying features on the V_N diagram:</p> <p align="left"> — load factor ‘n’;</p> <p align="left"> — speed scale, equivalent airspeed;</p> <p align="left"> — equivalent airspeed envelope;</p> <p align="left"> — 1g stall speed;</p> <p align="left">— stall boundary (refer to 081 03 01 02).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between V_MO or V_NE and V_C.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State all the manoeuvring load-factors limits applicable to CS-23 and CS-25 aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between V_A and V_S in a formula, and calculate the values.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significance of V_A and the adverse consequences of applying full, abrupt nose-up elevator deflection when exceeding V_A.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>081 06 02 02</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Factors affecting the manoeuvring–load diagram</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the relationship of mass to load-factor limits and accelerated stall speed boundary limit.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of V_A with changing mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why V_A loses significance at higher altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_C’ and ‘M_D’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Gust envelope</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Gust–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Recognise a typical gust–load diagram, and state the minimum gust speeds in ft/s, m/s and kt that the aeroplane must be designed to withstand at V_B to V_C and V_D. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss considerations for the selection of V_RA.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the adverse effects on the aeroplane when flying in turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the gust–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the relationship between the gust–load factor and the following: lift–curve slope, aspect ratio, angle of sweep, altitude, wing loading, weight, wing area, equivalent airspeed (EAS), and speed of vertical gust.</p> <p align="left">(Note: For examination purposes, the ECQB questions will not be calculation based.)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PROPELLERS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Conversion of engine torque to thrust</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Explain conversion of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the resolution of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade element into lift and drag or into thrust and torque.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how propeller thrust and aerodynamic torque vary with IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Relevant propeller parameters</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the geometry of a typical propeller blade element at the reference section:</p> <p align="left"> — blade chord line;</p> <p align="left"> — propeller rotational velocity vector;</p> <p align="left"> — true airspeed vector;</p> <p align="left"> — blade angle of attack;</p> <p align="left"> — pitch or blade angle;</p> <p align="left"> — advance or helix angle.</p> <p align="left"> Define ‘geometric pitch’, ‘effective pitch’, and ‘propeller slip’.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the following definition is used for geometric pitch: the theoretical distance a propeller would advance in one revolution at zero blade angle of attack.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the terms ‘fine pitch’ and ‘coarse pitch’ can be used to express blade angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Blade twist</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘blade twist’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why blade twist is necessary.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Fixed pitch and variable pitch/constant speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the different types of propellers:</p> <p align="left"> — fixed pitch;</p> <p align="left"> — adjustable pitch or variable pitch (non-governing);</p> <p align="left">— variable pitch (governing)/constant speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fixed-pitch and constant-speed propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss climb and cruise propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between blade angle, blade angle of attack, and airspeed for fixed and variable pitch propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the forces that act on a rotating blade element in normal, feathered, windmilling, and reverse operation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of changing propeller pitch at constant IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller efficiency versus speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘propeller efficiency’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain and describe the relationship between propeller efficiency and speed (TAS) for different types of propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between blade angle and thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effects of ice on propeller</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects and hazards of ice on a propeller.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Engine failure</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Windmilling drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects of an inoperative engine on the performance and controllability of an aeroplane:</p> <p align="left"> — thrust loss/drag increase;</p> <p align="left">— influence on yaw moment during asymmetric power.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>081 07 02 02</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Feathering</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for feathering a propeller, including the effect on the yaw moment, performance and controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Design features for power absorption</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Diameter of propeller</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for restricting propeller diameter.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Number of blades</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘solidity’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the number of blades.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller noise</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how propeller noise can be minimised.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Secondary effects of propellers</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Torque reaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects of engine/propeller torque.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following methods for counteracting engine/propeller torque:</p> <p align="left"> — counter-rotating propellers;</p> <p align="left">— contra-rotating propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Gyroscopic precession</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe what causes gyroscopic precession.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect on the aeroplane due to the gyroscopic effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Slipstream effect</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the possible effects of the rotating propeller slipstream.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Asymmetric blade effect</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the asymmetric blade effect (also called P factor).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of direction of rotation on the critical engine on twin-engine aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Consideration of propeller effects</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe, given direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during take-off run, rotation and initial climb, and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe, given the direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during a go-around and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how propeller effects during go-around can be affected by: </p> <p align="left"> — high engine performance conditions and their effect on the VMC speeds; </p> <p align="left"> — loss of the critical engine; </p> <p align="left"> — crosswind; </p> <p align="left">— high flap setting;</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>FLIGHT MECHANICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Forces acting on an aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, horizontal, steady flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in straight, horizontal, and steady flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the four forces and state where they act on.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the four forces are balanced, including the function of the tailplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady climb</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘flight-path angle’ (g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between pitch attitude, g and α for zero-wind and zero-bank conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady climb.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula relating to the parallel forces (T = D + W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why thrust is greater than drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the formula (for small angles) that gives the relationship between g, thrust, weight, and lift–drag ratio, and use this formula for simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how IAS, α, and g change in a climb performed with constant vertical speed and constant thrust setting.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady descent</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (T = D – W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why thrust is less than drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady glide</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady glide.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (D = W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula for forces perpendicular to the direction of flight <br/> (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between the glide gradient and the lift–drag ratio, and calculate glide range given: </p> <p align="left"> — initial height;</p> <p align="left"> — L–D ratio;</p> <p align="left">— glide speed and wind speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define V_MD (speed for minimum drag) and explain the relationship between α, V_MD and the best lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of wind component on glide angle, duration, and distance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of mass change on glide angle, duration, and distance, given that the aeroplane remains at either the same airspeed or at V_MD.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of configuration change on glide angle and duration.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relation between TAS, gradient of descent, and rate of descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define V_MP (speed for minimum power) and describe that the minimum rate of descent in the glide will be at V_MP, and explain the relationship of this speed to the optimum speed for minimum glide angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss when a pilot could elect to fly for minimum glide rate of descent or minimum glide angle, and why speed stability or headwinds/tailwinds may favour a speed that is faster or slower than the optimum airspeed in still air.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Steady, coordinated turn</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a steady, coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the forces that act horizontally and vertically during a coordinated turn</p> <p align="left">(tan<img align="absmiddle" name="Object1" src="source-marked.part-0010_html_e1803687.gif"/> ).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the difference between a coordinated and an uncoordinated turn, and describe how to correct an uncoordinated turn using turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the angle of bank is independent of mass, and that it only depends on TAS and radius of turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the forces to show that for a given angle of bank the radius of turn is determined solely by airspeed (tan<img align="absmiddle" name="Object2" src="source-marked.part-0010_html_e1803687.gif"/> ).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the turn radius of a steady turn given TAS and angle of bank.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of bank angle on:</p> <p align="left"> - load factor (LF = 1/cos<img align="absmiddle" name="Object3" src="source-marked.part-0010_html_bf9a6668.gif"/> );</p> <p align="left"> - α;</p> <p align="left"> - thrust;</p> <p align="left"> - drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angular velocity’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘rate of turn’ and ‘rate-1 turn’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of TAS on rate of turn at a given bank angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the load factor and stall speed in a turn given angle of bank and 1g stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain situations in which turn radius is relevant for safety, such as maximum speed limits on departure or arrival plates, or outbound speed categories on approach plates, and the implications/hazards of exceeding given speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the hazards of excessive use of rudder to increase the rate of turn in a swept-wing aeroplane. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Asymmetric thrust</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Jet-engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects on the aeroplane of asymmetric thrust during flight, for both jet‑engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain critical engine, and explain, for a propeller-driven aeroplane, the effect of the direction of propeller rotation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of steady, asymmetric flight on a conventional (ball) slip indicator/turn indicator.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of a crosswind on asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Balanced moments about the normal axis</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the yaw moments about the CG.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the change to the yaw moment caused by the effect of air density on thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the changes to the yaw moment caused by engine distance from CG.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the methods to achieve directional balance following engine loss.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Forces parallel to the lateral axis</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — the force on the vertical fin;</p> <p align="left"> — the fuselage side force due to sideslip (using wing-level method);</p> <p align="left">— the use of bank angle to tilt the lift vector (in wing-down method).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the flight hazards at VMC:</p> <p align="left"> — α;</p> <p align="left"> — side slip;</p> <p align="left"> — loads on the fin;</p> <p align="left">— α on the fin.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on fin α due to sideslip.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of aeroplane mass</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why controllability with <br/> one-engine-inoperative is a typical problem arising from the low speeds associated with low aeroplane mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed (V</i>_<i>MC</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MC’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MC is determined.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed during approach and landing (V</i>_<i>MCL</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MCL’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MCL is determined.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 10</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed on the ground (V</i>_<i>MCG</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MCG’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MCG is determined. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 11</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of density</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of density on thrust during asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why V_MC, V_MCL and V_MCGreduce with a reduction in thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Significant points on a polar curve</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Identify and explain</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify and explain the significant points on a polar curve. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> ##### SUBJECT 081 – PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT – AEROPLANES *ED Decision 2020/018/R* (1) The following standard symbols and their corresponding meanings are used for certain mathematical operations: \* multiplication ≥ greater than or equal to ≤ less than or equal to SQRT(…) square root of the function, symbol or number in round brackets (2) Normally, it should be assumed that the effect of a variable under review is the only variation that needs to be addressed, unless specifically stated otherwise. (3) Candidates are expected in simple calculations to be able to convert knots (kt) into metres/second (m/s), and know the appropriate conversion factors by heart. (4) In the subsonic range, as covered under Subject 081 01, compressibility effects normally are not considered, unless specifically mentioned. (5) For those questions related to propellers (Subject 081 07), as a simplification of the physical reality, the inflow speed into the propeller plane is taken as the aeroplane’s true airspeed (TAS). (6) In addition, when discussing propeller rotational direction, it will always be specified as seen from behind the propeller plane. (7) Note that the term ‘mass’ is used to describe a quantity of matter, and ‘weight’ when describing the force. However, the term ‘weight’ is normally used in aviation to colloquially describe ‘mass’. The professional pilot should always note the units to determine whether the term ‘weight’ is being used to describe a force (e.g. unit newton) or quantity of matter (e.g. unit kilogram). <table bgcolor="#d9d9d9" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0"> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <col/> <thead> <tr> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Syllabus reference</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>BK</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Syllabus details and associated Learning Objectives</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" colspan="3"><p align="center"> <b>Helicopter</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>IR</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>CB-IR(A) </b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2" valign="top"><p align="center"> <b>BIR Exam</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2" valign="top"><p align="center"> <b>BIR BK</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080" rowspan="2"><p align="center"> <b>Remarks</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>CPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL/IR</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>ATPL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#808080"><p align="center"> <b>CPL</b></p> </td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>080 00 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT </b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 00 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT — AEROPLANES</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>SUBSONIC AERODYNAMICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Basics, laws and definitions</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 01 </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Laws and definitions</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the international system of units of measurement (SI) for mass, acceleration, weight, velocity, energy, density, temperature, pressure, force, wing loading, and power.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘mass’, ‘force’, ‘acceleration’, and ‘weight’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State and interpret Newton’s three laws of motion.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the atmospheric properties that effect air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how temperature and pressure changes affect air density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static pressure’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘dynamic pressure’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the formula for ‘dynamic pressure’. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe dynamic pressure in terms of an indication of the energy in the system, and how it is related to indicated airspeed (IAS) and air density for a given altitude and speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible flow. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘total pressure’ and explain that the total pressure differs in different systems.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Apply Bernoulli’s equation to flow through a venturi stream tube for incompressible flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how IAS is acquired from the pitot static system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between density, temperature, and pressure for air. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the equation of continuity and its application to the flow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (17)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘IAS’, ‘CAS’, ‘EAS’, and ‘TAS’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics of airflow</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe steady and unsteady airflow. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of a streamline and a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain airflow through a stream tube.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between two- and three‑dimensional airflow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerodynamic forces on aerofoils </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the originating point and direction of the resultant force caused by the pressure distribution around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the resultant force into the components ‘lift’ and ‘drag’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the direction of lift and drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘aerodynamic moment’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that affect the aerodynamic moment.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic moment for a symmetrical aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic moment for a positively and negatively cambered aerofoil. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angle of attack’ (a).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Shape of an aerofoil section</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: leading edge.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: trailing edge.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> chord line. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: thickness-to-chord ratio or relative thickness.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: location of maximum thickness.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber line.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: camber.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of an aerofoil section: <br/> nose radius.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a symmetrical and an asymmetrical aerofoil section.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Wing shape</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: span.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: tip and root chord.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: taper ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing area.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing planform.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean geometric chord.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: mean aerodynamic chord (MAC).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: dihedral angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: sweep angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: wing twist, geometric and aerodynamic.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following parameter of a wing: angle of incidence.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: In certain textbooks, angle of incidence is used as angle of attack (α). For Part-FCL theoretical knowledge examination purposes, this use is discontinued, and the angle of incidence is defined as the angle between the aeroplane longitudinal axis and the wing-root chord line.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Two-dimensional airflow around an aerofoil</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Streamline pattern</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the streamline pattern around an aerofoil.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe converging and diverging streamlines, and their effect on static pressure and velocity.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe upwash and downwash.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stagnation point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the stagnation point.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the movement of the stagnation point as the α changes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Pressure distribution</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe pressure distribution and local speeds around an aerofoil including effects of camber and α. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Intentionally left blank</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Centre of pressure (CP) and aerodynamic centre (AC)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain CP and AC.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Drag and wake</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List two physical phenomena that cause drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe skin friction drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe form (pressure) drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why drag and wake cause loss of energy (momentum).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of angle of attack (α)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of α on lift.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 02 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>) – angle of attack (</i><i>a</i><i>) graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_L–α graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significant points: </p> <p align="left"> — point where the curve crosses the horizontal axis (zero lift);</p> <p align="left"> — point where the curve crosses the vertical axis (α = 0);</p> <p align="left">— point where the curve reaches its maximum (C_LMAX).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Coefficients</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>General use of coefficients</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why coefficients are used in general.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>) </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the lift formula, the factors that affect lift, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of camber on the C_L–a graph (symmetrical and positively/negatively cambered aerofoils).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the typical difference in the C_L–a graph for fast and slow aerofoil design.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘C_LMAX’ (maximum lift coefficient) and ‘a_CRIT’ (stalling a) on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe C_L and explain the variables that affect it in low subsonic flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Drag </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the two-dimensional drag formula.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of the shape of a body, cross‑sectional area, and surface roughness on the drag coefficient.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Three-dimensional airflow around an aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Angle of attack (α)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angle of attack’ (α).</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the angle-of-attack definition requires a reference line. This reference line for 3D has been chosen to be the longitudinal axis and for 2D the chord line.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between the α and the attitude of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Streamline pattern</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the general streamline pattern around the wing, tail section, and fuselage.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain and describe the causes of spanwise flow over top and bottom surfaces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe wing tip vortices and their contribution to downwash behind the wing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why wing tip vortices vary with α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe spanwise lift distribution including the effect of wing planform.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the causes, distribution and duration of the wake turbulence behind an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of flap deflection on the wing tip vortex.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the parameters that influence wake turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Induced drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the factors that cause induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the approximate formula for the induced drag coefficient (including variables but excluding constants).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between induced drag and total drag in straight and level flight with variable speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of mass on induced drag at a given IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the means to reduce induced drag:</p> <p align="left"> — aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — winglets;</p> <p align="left"> — tip tanks;</p> <p align="left"> — wing twist;</p> <p align="left">— camber change.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of lift distribution on induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of downwash on the effective airflow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain induced and effective local α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the induced α on the direction of the lift vector.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between induced drag and:</p> <p align="left"> — speed;</p> <p align="left"> — aspect ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — wing planform;</p> <p align="left">— bank angle in a horizontal coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the induced drag coefficient and its relationship with the lift coefficient and aspect ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of induced drag on:</p> <p align="left"> — the CL–α graph, and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low‑aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left"> — the C_L–C_D (aeroplane polar), and show the effect on the graph when comparing high- and low-aspect ratio wings;</p> <p align="left">— the parabolic aeroplane polar in a graph and as a formula [C_D = C_PD + kC_L²], where C_D = coefficient of drag and <br/> C_PD = coefficient of parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_L–C_D graph (polar).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Indicate minimum drag on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the C_L–C_D ratio is important as a measure of performance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Intentionally left blank</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Total drag</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Total drag in relation to parasite drag and induced drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that total drag consists of parasite drag and induced drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Parasite drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the types of drag that are included in parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe form (pressure) drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe interference drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe friction drag and the factors which affect its magnitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Parasite drag and speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between parasite drag and speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Induced drag and speed </i></b> </p> <p align="left"><i>(Refer to 081 01 04 03) </i> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Total drag </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the total drag–speed graph and the constituent drag components.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Indicate the speed for minimum drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 05 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Variables affecting the total drag–speed graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of aeroplane gross mass on the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of pressure altitude on:</p> <p align="left"> — drag–IAS graph;</p> <p align="left">— drag–TAS graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe speed stability from the graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe non-stable, neutral, and stable IAS regions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what happens to the IAS and drag in the non-stable region if speed suddenly decreases and why this could occur.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Ground effect</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of ground effect </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of ground effect on wing tip vortices, downwash, airflow pattern, lift, and drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on induced a and the coefficient of induced drag (C_Di).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of entering and leaving ground effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on stalling angle of attack (α</i>_<i>CRIT</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on lift coefficient (C</i>_<i>L</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on the effective a and C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 06 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on take-off and landing characteristics of an aeroplane</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of ground effect on take‑off and landing characteristics and performance of an aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the difference in take-off and landing characteristics of high- and low-wing aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 07 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>The relationship between lift coefficient and speed in steady, straight, and level flight</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 07 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Represented by an equation</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on C_L during speed increase/decrease in steady, straight, and level flight, and perform simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 07 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Represented by a graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain, by using a graph, the effect on speed of C_L changes at a given weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 08 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 09 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>CLMAX augmentation</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Trailing-edge flaps and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the following types of trailing-edge flaps:</p> <p align="left"> — split flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — plain flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — slotted flaps;</p> <p align="left">— Fowler flaps.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases the C_L and C_D, and the reasons why this can be beneficial.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe their effect on:</p> <p align="left"> — the location of CP;</p> <p align="left"> — pitching moments (due to wing CP movement);</p> <p align="left">— stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph:</p> <p align="left"> — indicate the variation in C_L at any given a;</p> <p align="left"> — indicate their effect on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — indicate their effect on critical a;</p> <p align="left">— indicate their effect on the a at a given C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph:</p> <p align="left">— indicate how the (C_L/C_D)_MAX differs from that of a clean wing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of trailing-edge flap deflection on the glide angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flap asymmetry:</p> <p align="left">— explain the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe trailing-edge flap effect on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left"> — explain the advantages of lower-nose attitudes;</p> <p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of flap-setting errors, such as mis-selection and premature/late extension or retraction of flaps, on:</p> <p align="left"> — take-off and landing distance and speeds;</p> <p align="left"> — climb and descent performance; </p> <p align="left">— stall buffet margins.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Leading-edge devices and the reasons for their use in take-off and landing</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> From the given relevant diagrams, describe or identify the different types of leading-edge high‑lift devices:</p> <p align="left"> — Krueger flaps;</p> <p align="left"> — variable camber flaps;</p> <p align="left">— slats.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the function of the slot.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the wing’s effective camber increases with a leading-edge flap.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of leading-edge flaps on the stall speed, also in comparison with trailing-edge flaps.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–a graph, compared with trailing-edge flaps and a clean wing:</p> <p align="left"> — indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — explain how the C_L curve differs from that of a clean wing;</p> <p align="left">— indicate the effect of leading-edge devices on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Compare their influence on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe slat asymmetry:</p> <p align="left"> – describe the effect on aeroplane controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for using leading-edge high‑lift devices on take-off and landing:</p> <p align="left"> — explain the disadvantage of increased nose-up attitudes;</p> <p align="left">— explain why take-off and landing speeds/distances are reduced.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 09 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Vortex generators</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the purpose of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the basic operating principle of vortex generators.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State their advantages and disadvantages.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 10 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to reduce the C_L–C_D ratio</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 10 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Spoilers and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="justify"> Describe the aerodynamic functioning of spoilers:</p> <p> — roll spoilers;</p> <p> — flight spoilers (speed brakes);</p> <p>— ground spoilers (lift dumpers).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="justify"> Describe the effect of spoilers on the C_L–a graph and stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of spoilers on the C_L–C_Dgraph and lift-drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 10 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Speed brakes and the reasons for their use in the different phases of flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe speed brakes and the reasons for using them in the different phases of flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State their influence on the C_L–C_D graph and <br/> lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how speed brakes increase parasite drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how speed brakes affect the minimum drag speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe their effect on rate and angle of descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 11 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 01 12 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Aerodynamic degradation</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 12 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Ice and other contaminants</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the locations on an aeroplane where ice build-up will occur during flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the aerodynamic effects of ice and other contaminants on:</p> <p align="left"> — lift (maximum C_L);</p> <p align="left"> — drag;</p> <p align="left"> — stall speed;</p> <p align="left"> — a_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">— stability and controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the aerodynamic effects of icing during take-off.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 01 12 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Deformation and modification of airframe, ageing aeroplanes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of airframe deformation and modification of an ageing aeroplane on aeroplane performance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on boundary layer condition of an ageing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Speeds</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Speed of sound</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘speed of sound’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the variation of the speed of sound with altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of temperature on the speed of sound.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Mach number</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘Mach number’ as a function of TAS and speed of sound.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of temperature and altitude on Mach number</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the absence of change of Mach number with varying temperature at constant flight level and calibrated airspeed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between Mach number, TAS and IAS during climb and descent at constant Mach number or IAS, and explain variation of lift coefficient, α, pitch and flight-path angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — risk of exceeding the maximum operation speed (VMO) when descending at constant Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — risk of exceeding the maximum operating Mach number (M_MO) when climbing at constant IAS;</p> <p align="left">— risk of a low-speed stall at high altitude when climbing at a too low Mach number.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Compressibility</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that compressibility means that density can change along a streamline, and that this occurs in the high subsonic (from Mach 0.4), transonic, and supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that compressibility negatively affects the pressure gradient, leading to an overall reduction of the C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that Mach number is a measure of compressibility.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe that compressibility increases low‑speed stall speed and decreases α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Subdivision of aerodynamic flow</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the subdivision of aerodynamic flow:</p> <p align="left"> — subsonic flow below compressibility;</p> <p align="left"> — subsonic flow above compressibility; </p> <p align="left"> — transonic flow;</p> <p align="left">— supersonic flow.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the characteristics of the flow regimes listed above.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why some transport aeroplanes cruise at Mach numbers above the critical Mach number (M_CRIT).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Shock waves</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition of shock wave</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define a ‘shock wave’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Normal shock waves</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a normal shock wave with respect to changes in:</p> <p align="left"> — static temperature;</p> <p align="left"> — static and total pressure;</p> <p align="left"> — velocity;</p> <p align="left"> — local speed of sound;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach number;</p> <p align="left">— density.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe a normal shock wave with respect to orientation relative to the wing surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of increasing Mach number on a normal shock wave, at positive lift, with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — strength;</p> <p align="left"> — position relative to the wing;</p> <p align="left">— second shock wave at the lower surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of a on shock-wave intensity and shock-wave location at constant Mach number.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Effects of exceeding the critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Critical Mach number (M</i>_<i>CRIT</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_CRIT’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how a change in a, aeroplane weight, manoeuvres, and centre-of-gravity (CG) position influences M_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on lift</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the behaviour of C_Lversus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the consequences of exceeding M_CRIT with respect to C_L and C_LMAX. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the change in stall indicated airspeed (IAS) with altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect on α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages of exceeding M_CRIT in aeroplanes with supercritical aerofoils with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — speed versus drag ratio;</p> <p align="left"> — specific range;</p> <p align="left">— optimum altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe wave drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the behaviour of C_D versus Mach number at constant a.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of Mach number on the C_L–C_D graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects and hazards of exceeding M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}, namely:</p> <p align="left"> — drag rise;</p> <p align="left"> — instability;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach tuck;</p> <p align="left">— shock stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the relation between M_CRIT and M_{DRAG DIVERGENCE}.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on pitching moment</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of Mach number on the CP location. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the overall change in pitching moment above M_CRIT and explain the ‘tuck under’ or ‘Mach tuck’ effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the requirement for a Mach trim system to compensate for the effect of the CP movement and ‘tuck under’ effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the aerodynamic functioning of the Mach trim system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the corrective measures if the Mach trim fails.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 03 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effect on control effectiveness</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effects on the effectiveness of control surfaces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 02 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to influence critical Mach number (M_CRIT)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Wing sweep</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the angle of sweep on:</p> <p align="left"> — M_CRIT;</p> <p align="left">— effective thickness/chord change or velocity component perpendicular to the quarter chord line.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of the angle of sweepback at subsonic speed on:</p> <p align="left"> — C_LMAX;</p> <p align="left"> — efficiency of and requirement for high-lift devices;</p> <p align="left">— pitch-up stall behaviour.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of wing sweepback on drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerofoil shape</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of thin aerofoils with reduced camber.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the main purpose of supercritical aerofoils.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages and disadvantages of supercritical aerofoils for wing design.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 02 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Vortex generators</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of vortex generators as a means to avoid or restrict flow separation caused by the presence of a normal shock wave.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Stall, Mach tuck, and upset prevention and recovery</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>The stall</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Flow separation at increasing α</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘boundary layer’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the thickness of a typical laminar and turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the laminar boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the properties, advantages and disadvantages of the turbulent boundary layer.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘transition point’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the laminar boundary layer separates easier than the turbulent boundary layer does.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe why the airflow over the aft part of a wing slows down as the α increases.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘separation point’ and describe its location as a function of α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe in straight and level flight the influence of increasing the α and the phenomenon that may occur regarding:</p> <p align="left"> — the forward stagnation point;</p> <p align="left"> — the pressure distribution;</p> <p align="left"> — the CP location (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left"> — C_L;</p> <p align="left"> — C_D and D (drag);</p> <p align="left"> — the pitching moment (straight and swept-back wing);</p> <p align="left"> — buffet onset;</p> <p align="left"> — deterrent buffet for a clean wing at high Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left"> — uncommanded pitch down;</p> <p align="left">— uncommanded roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what causes the possible natural buffet on the aeroplane in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effectiveness of the flight controls in a pre-stall condition.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the normal post-stall behaviour of a straight-wing aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect and dangers of using the controls close to the stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the deterrent buffet.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (16)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the occurrence of the deterrent buffet and why this phenomenon is considered to be a stall limit.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The stall speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain V_S0, V_S1, V_SR, and V_S1G.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Solve V_S1G from the lift formula given varying C_L.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the influence of the following parameters on stall speed:</p> <p align="left"> — CG;</p> <p align="left"> — thrust component;</p> <p align="left"> — slipstream;</p> <p align="left"> — wing loading;</p> <p align="left"> — mass;</p> <p align="left"> — wing contamination;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep;</p> <p align="left">— altitude (for compressibility effects, see 081 02 03 02).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘load factor n’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the load factor increases in a turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the load factor increases in a pull-up and decreases in a push-over manoeuvre.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the influence of the ‘load factor n’ on stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the expression ‘accelerated stall’.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: Sometimes, accelerated stall is also erroneously referred to as high-speed stall. This latter expression will not be used for Subject 081.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the load factor.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the increase of stall speed in a horizontal coordinated turn as a function of bank angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of stall speed as a function of the gross mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The initial stall in spanwise direction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the initial stall sequence on the following planforms:</p> <p align="left"> — elliptical;</p> <p align="left"> — rectangular;</p> <p align="left"> — moderate and high taper;</p> <p align="left">— sweepback or delta.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the purpose of aerodynamic and geometric twist (washout).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of fences, vortilons, saw teeth, vortex generators, and strakes on engine nacelles.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stall warning</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why stall warning is necessary.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain when aerodynamic and artificial stall warnings are used.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why CS-23 and CS-25 require a margin to stall speed for take-off and landing speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe:</p> <p align="left"> — buffet;</p> <p align="left"> — stall strip;</p> <p align="left"> — flapper switch (leading-edge stall-warning vane);</p> <p align="left"> — angle-of-attack vane;</p> <p align="left"> — angle-of-attack probe;</p> <p align="left">— stick shaker.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the recovery after:</p> <p align="left"> — stall warning;</p> <p align="left"> — stall;</p> <p align="left">— stick-pusher actuation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 01 05</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Special phenomena of stall</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between power-off and power-on stalls and recovery.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe stall and recovery in a climbing and descending turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the pitch-up effect on a swept wing aeroplane and also an aeroplane with a T-tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe super stall or deep stall.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the philosophy behind the stick-pusher system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the factors that can lead to the absence of stall warning and explain the associated risks.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the indications and explain the consequences of premature stabiliser stall due to ice contamination (negative tail stall).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe when to expect in-flight icing.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the effect is changed when retracting/extending lift-augmentation devices.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of a contaminated wing on the stall speed and α_CRIT.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the hazards associated with airframe contamination when parked and during ground operations in winter conditions, and the aerodynamic effects when attempting a take-off.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (14)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain de-icing/anti-icing holdover time and the likely hazards after it has expired.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (15)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the aerodynamic effects of heavy tropical rain on stall speed and drag, and the appropriate mitigation in such conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 01 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The spin</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how to avoid spins.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that cause a spin to develop.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe an ‘incipient’ and ‘developed’ spin, recognition and recovery.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the differences in spin attitude with forward and aft CG. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Buffet onset boundary</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Mach buffet</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain shock-induced separation, and describe its relationship with Mach buffet (high speed buffet) and Mach tuck.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Buffet onset</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of buffet margin, and describe the influence of the following parameters on the concept of buffet margin:</p> <p align="left"> — a;</p> <p align="left"> — Mach number;</p> <p align="left"> — pressure altitude;</p> <p align="left"> — mass;</p> <p align="left"> — load factor;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of bank;</p> <p align="left">— CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the buffet onset boundary chart can be used to determine:</p> <p align="left"> — manoeuvrability;</p> <p align="left">— buffet margin.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the consequences of exceeding M_MO: light buffet, buffet onset.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain ‘aerodynamic ceiling’ and ‘coffin corner’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the concept of the ‘1.3g’ buffet margin altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Find (using an example graph):</p> <p align="left"> — buffet free range;</p> <p align="left"> — aerodynamic ceiling at a given mass;</p> <p align="left">— load factor and bank angle at which buffet occurs at a given mass, Mach number, and pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why descent increases the buffet free range.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Situations in which buffet or stall could occur</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 03 01</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Explain why buffet or stall occurs</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following pilot-induced situations, and the methods to mitigate them: </p> <p align="left"> — inappropriate take-off configuration, detailing the consequences of errors associated with leading-edge devices;</p> <p align="left"> — steep turns;</p> <p align="left">— go-around using take-off/go-around (TOGA) setting (underslung engines).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> <p align="center"> <br/> </p> <p align="center"><br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at low altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — thunderstorms;</p> <p align="left"> — wind shear and microburst;</p> <p align="left"> — turbulence;</p> <p align="left"> — wake turbulence;</p> <p align="left">— icing conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following environmental conditions at high altitude, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — thunderstorms in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ);</p> <p align="left"> — jet streams;</p> <p align="left">— clear-air turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why buffet or stall could occur in the following situations, and how to mitigate them:</p> <p align="left"> — inappropriate autopilot climb mode;</p> <p align="left">— loss of, or unreliable, airspeed indication.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 03 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Recognition of stalled condition</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 03 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Recognition and explanation of stalled condition</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why a stalled condition can occur at any airspeed, or attitude or altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that a stall may be recognised by continuous stall-warning activation accompanied by at least one of the following:</p> <p align="left"> — buffet, that can be heavy;</p> <p align="left"> — lack of pitch authority;</p> <p align="left"> — uncommanded pitch down and uncommanded roll;</p> <p align="left">— inability to arrest the descent rate.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that ‘stall warning’ means a natural or synthetic indication provided when approaching the stall that may include one or more of the following indications:</p> <p align="left"> — aerodynamic buffeting;</p> <p align="left"> — reduced roll stability and aileron effectiveness;</p> <p align="left"> — visual or aural clues and warnings;</p> <p align="left"> — reduced elevator (pitch) authority;</p> <p align="left"> — inability to maintain altitude or arrest a rate of descent;</p> <p align="left">— stick-shaker activation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>STABILITY</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static and dynamic stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics and definitions</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static stability’:</p> <p align="left"> — describe/identify a statically stable, neutral, and unstable condition (positive, neutral, and negative static stability), and</p> <p align="left">— explain why aeroplanes are statically stable.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between static stability and manoeuvrability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘dynamic stability’:</p> <p align="left"> — describe/identify a dynamically stable, neutral, and unstable motion (positive, neutral, and negative dynamic stability);</p> <p align="left">— describe/identify periodic and aperiodic motion.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Precondition for static stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain an equilibrium of forces and moments as the initial condition for static stability. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sum of forces</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the forces considered in the equilibrium of forces.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sum of moments</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the moments about all three axes considered in the equilibrium of moments.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of sum of moments not being zero.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Intentionally left blank</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static and dynamic longitudinal stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Methods for achieving balance</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the stabiliser as the means to satisfy the condition of nullifying the total sum of the moments about the lateral axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the location of the wing CP relative to the CG on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the indicated airspeed on the magnitude and direction of the balancing force on the stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the use of the elevator deflection or stabiliser angle for the generation of the balancing force and its direction.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the elevator deflection required to balance thrust change as a function of engine position.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Static longitudinal stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effect of the CG location on pitch manoeuvrability and longitudinal stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Neutral point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘neutral point’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the location of the neutral point is only dependent on the aerodynamic design of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting neutral point</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the location of the neutral point relative to the locations of the aerodynamic centre of the wing and tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location on the static longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the CG forward and aft limits with respect to:</p> <p align="left"> — longitudinal control forces;</p> <p align="left"> — elevator effectiveness;</p> <p align="left">— stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static margin’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The C</i>_<i>m</i><i>–</i><i>a</i> <i>graph</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_m–a graph with respect to the relationship between the slope of the graph and static stability. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the C</i>_<i>m</i><i>–</i><i>a</i> <i>graph </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph of a shift of CG in the forward and aft direction;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph when the elevator is moved up or down;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect on the C_m–a graph when the trim is moved;</p> <p align="left"> — the effect of the wing contribution;</p> <p align="left">— the tail contribution.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 10</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The stick force versus speed graph (IAS) </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how a pilot perceives stable static longitudinal stick force stability regarding changes in:</p> <p align="left"> — speed;</p> <p align="left"> — altitude;</p> <p align="left">— mass distribution (CG location).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 11</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 12</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘stick force per g’, and describe that the stick force increases linearly with increase in g.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why:</p> <p align="left"> — the stick force per g has a prescribed minimum and maximum value;</p> <p align="left">— the stick force per g decreases with pressure altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 13</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 14</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the manoeuvring stability/stick force per g</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence on stick force per g of:</p> <p align="left"> — CG location;</p> <p align="left">— trim setting.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 15</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 03 16</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Dynamic longitudinal stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the phugoid and short-period motion in terms of period, damping, variations (if applicable) in speed, altitude, and α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the short-period motion is more hazardous than the phugoid.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe ‘pilot-induced oscillations’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of high altitude on dynamic stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of the CG location on the dynamic longitudinal stability of the aeroplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static directional stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition and effects of static directional stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static directional stability’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of static directional stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Sideslip angle </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘sideslip angle’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify β as the symbol used for the sideslip angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Yaw-moment coefficient C</i>_<i>n</i> <i></i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘yawing-moment coefficient C_n’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the relationship between C_n and β for an aeroplane with static directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> 081 04 04 04</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> C_n–β graph </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why:</p> <p align="left"> — Cn depends on β;</p> <p align="left"> — Cn equals zero for that β that provides static equilibrium about the aeroplane’s normal axis;</p> <p align="left">— if no asymmetric engine thrust, flight control or loading condition prevails, the equilibrium β equals zero.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is a measure for static directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_n–β graph is affected by altitude. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting static directional stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the following aeroplane components contribute to static directional stability:</p> <p align="left"> — wing;</p> <p align="left"> — fin;</p> <p align="left"> — dorsal fin;</p> <p align="left"> — ventral fin;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep of the wing;</p> <p align="left"> — angle of sweep of the fin;</p> <p align="left"> — fuselage at high α;</p> <p align="left">— strakes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reduction in static directional stability when the CG moves aft.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 05 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Static lateral stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Definition and effects of static lateral stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘static lateral stability’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of static lateral stability being too weak or too strong.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Bank angle Ø</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘bank angle Ø’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The roll-moment coefficient C</i>_{<i>l </i>}</b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define the ‘roll-moment coefficient C_l’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Contribution of sideslip angle (β)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how without coordination the bank angle (Ø) creates sideslip angle (β).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The C</i>_<i>l</i><i>–β graph </i></b> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the C_l–b graph.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify the slope of the C_l–b graph as a measure for static lateral stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify how the slope of the C_l–β graph is affected by altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 05 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting static lateral stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the contribution to the static lateral stability of:</p> <p align="left"> — dihedral, anhedral;</p> <p align="left"> — high wing, low wing;</p> <p align="left"> — sweep angle of the wing;</p> <p align="left"> — ventral fin;</p> <p align="left">— vertical tail.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 04 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Dynamic lateral/directional stability</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Tendency to spiral dive</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how lateral and directional stability are coupled.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how high static directional stability and low static lateral stability may cause spiral divergence (unstable spiral dive), and under which conditions the spiral dive mode is neutral or stable.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe an unstable spiral dive mode with respect to deviations in speed, bank angle, nose low-pitch attitude, and decreasing altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Dutch roll</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — why Dutch roll occurs when the static lateral stability is higher than static directional stability;</p> <p align="left"> — the conditions for a stable, neutral or unstable Dutch roll motion;</p> <p align="left"> — the function of the yaw damper;</p> <p align="left">— the actions to be taken when the yaw damper is not available.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the asymmetric nature of shock waves on both wings, at high Mach numbers, can lead to Dutch roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 04 06 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effects of altitude on dynamic stability</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain that increased pressure altitude reduces dynamic lateral/directional stability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>CONTROL</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>General</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Basics — The three planes and three axes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define:</p> <p align="left"> — lateral axis;</p> <p align="left"> — longitudinal axis;</p> <p align="left">— normal axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> — Define:</p> <p align="left"> — pitch angle;</p> <p align="left"> — bank angle (Ø);</p> <p align="left">— yaw angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the motion about the three axes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name and describe the devices that control these motions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Camber change</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that camber is changed by movement of a control surface and explain the effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Angle-of-attack (α) change</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of local α change by movement of a control surface.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Pitch (longitudinal) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Elevator/all-flying tails</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the working principle of the <br/> elevator/all-flying tail and describe its function.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Downwash effects</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of downwash on the tailplane α.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Location of centre of gravity (CG)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between elevator deflection and CG location to produce a given aeroplane response.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of forward CG limit on pitch control.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Moments due to engine thrust</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect of engine thrust on pitching moments for different engine locations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Yaw (directional) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>The rudder</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the working principle of the rudder and describe its function.</p> <p align="left"> State the relationship between rudder deflection and the moment about the normal axis.</p> <p align="left">Describe the effect of sideslip on the moment about the normal axis.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Rudder limiting</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why and how rudder deflection is limited on CAT aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Roll (lateral) control</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Ailerons</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the functioning of ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the adverse effects of aileron deflection. </p> <p align="left"><i>(Refer to Subjects 081 05 04 04 and 081 06 01 02)</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why some aeroplanes have inboard and outboard ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State that the outboard ailerons are locked beyond a given speed to prevent:</p> <p align="left"> — over-control;</p> <p align="left"> — exceeding structural limitations;</p> <p align="left">— aeroelastic phenomena (flutter, divergence and aileron reversal).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the use of aileron deflection in normal flight, flight with sideslip, crosswind landings, horizontal turns, flight with <br/> one-engine-inoperative.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘roll rate’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the factors that affect roll rate.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flaperons and aileron droop.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Spoilers</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how spoilers can be used to control the rolling movement in combination with or instead of the ailerons.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Adverse yaw</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the use of ailerons induces adverse yaw.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Means to avoid adverse yaw</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the following reduce adverse yaw:</p> <p align="left"> — Frise ailerons;</p> <p align="left"> — differential aileron deflection;</p> <p align="left"> — rudder aileron cross-coupling;</p> <p align="left">— roll spoilers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 05 00</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Roll/yaw interaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 05 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Explain roll/yaw interaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the secondary effect of roll.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the secondary effect of yaw.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 06 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Means to reduce control forces</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 06 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Aerodynamic balance</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the purpose of aerodynamic balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of the horn balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of the internal balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle and application of:</p> <p align="left"> — balance tab;</p> <p align="left"> — anti-balance tab;</p> <p align="left"> — spring tab;</p> <p align="left">— servo tab.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 06 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Artificial means</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the differences between fully powered controls and power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe power-assisted controls.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the advantages of artificial feel in fully powered control.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 07 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Fly-by-wire (FBW)</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 07 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Control laws</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain which parameters may be controlled in level flight with the pitch control law.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages of using the CG position in the FBW system.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what type of flight-degraded control laws may be available in case of failure.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what are hard and soft protections.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 05 08 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Trimming</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Reasons to trim</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the reasons for using trimming devices.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the difference between a trim tab and the various balance tabs.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Trim tabs</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of a trim tab including cockpit indications.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 05 08 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Stabiliser trim</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the working principle of a stabiliser trim including the flight deck indications.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the advantages and disadvantages of a stabiliser trim compared to a trim tab.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between CG position, take-off trim setting, and stabiliser trim position.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of errors in the take-off stabiliser trim setting on the rotation characteristics and stick force during take-off rotation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the effects of jammed and runaway stabiliser.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the consequences of a jammed stabiliser during take-off, landing, and go-around.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>LIMITATIONS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Operating limitations</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Flutter</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the phenomenon of flutter and how IAS and mass distribution affects the likelihood of flutter occurrence. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the use of mass balance to alleviate the flutter problem by adjusting the mass distribution:</p> <p align="left"> — wing-mounted engines on pylons;</p> <p align="left">— control surface mass balance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain what is the flight envelope free of flutter.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i>Intentionally left blank</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Landing gear/flap operating</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the reason for flap/landing gear limitations.</p> <p align="left"> Define ‘V_LO’.</p> <p align="left">Define ‘V_LE’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why there is a difference between V_LO and V_LE in the case of some aeroplane types.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_FE’ and describe flap limiting speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe flap design features, procedures and warnings to prevent overload.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>V</i>_<i>MO</i><i>, V</i>_<i>NO</i><i>, and V</i>_<i>NE</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MO’, ‘V_NO’, and ‘V_NE’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significance of V_MO, V_NO and V_NE, and the differences between these airspeeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the hazards of flying at speeds above V_NE and V_MO.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>M</i>_<i>MO</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_MO’ and state its limiting factors.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Manoeuvring envelope</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Manoeuvring–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the manoeuvring–load diagram.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define limit and ultimate load factor, and explain what can happen if these values are exceeded.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_A’, ‘V_B’, ‘V_C’, and ‘V_D’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify and explain the varying features on the V_N diagram:</p> <p align="left"> — load factor ‘n’;</p> <p align="left"> — speed scale, equivalent airspeed;</p> <p align="left"> — equivalent airspeed envelope;</p> <p align="left"> — 1g stall speed;</p> <p align="left">— stall boundary (refer to 081 03 01 02).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between V_MO or V_NE and V_C.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State all the manoeuvring load-factors limits applicable to CS-23 and CS-25 aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between V_A and V_S in a formula, and calculate the values.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the significance of V_A and the adverse consequences of applying full, abrupt nose-up elevator deflection when exceeding V_A.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>081 06 02 02</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Factors affecting the manoeuvring–load diagram</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> State the relationship of mass to load-factor limits and accelerated stall speed boundary limit.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the change of V_A with changing mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why V_A loses significance at higher altitude.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘M_C’ and ‘M_D’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 06 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Gust envelope</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Gust–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Recognise a typical gust–load diagram, and state the minimum gust speeds in ft/s, m/s and kt that the aeroplane must be designed to withstand at V_B to V_C and V_D. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss considerations for the selection of V_RA.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the adverse effects on the aeroplane when flying in turbulence.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 06 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Factors affecting the gust–load diagram</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the relationship between the gust–load factor and the following: lift–curve slope, aspect ratio, angle of sweep, altitude, wing loading, weight, wing area, equivalent airspeed (EAS), and speed of vertical gust.</p> <p align="left">(Note: For examination purposes, the ECQB questions will not be calculation based.)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>PROPELLERS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Conversion of engine torque to thrust</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Explain conversion of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the resolution of aerodynamic force on a propeller blade element into lift and drag or into thrust and torque.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how propeller thrust and aerodynamic torque vary with IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Relevant propeller parameters</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the geometry of a typical propeller blade element at the reference section:</p> <p align="left"> — blade chord line;</p> <p align="left"> — propeller rotational velocity vector;</p> <p align="left"> — true airspeed vector;</p> <p align="left"> — blade angle of attack;</p> <p align="left"> — pitch or blade angle;</p> <p align="left"> — advance or helix angle.</p> <p align="left"> Define ‘geometric pitch’, ‘effective pitch’, and ‘propeller slip’.</p> <p align="left"><i>Remark: For theoretical knowledge examination purposes, the following definition is used for geometric pitch: the theoretical distance a propeller would advance in one revolution at zero blade angle of attack.</i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how the terms ‘fine pitch’ and ‘coarse pitch’ can be used to express blade angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Blade twist</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘blade twist’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why blade twist is necessary.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Fixed pitch and variable pitch/constant speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the different types of propellers:</p> <p align="left"> — fixed pitch;</p> <p align="left"> — adjustable pitch or variable pitch (non-governing);</p> <p align="left">— variable pitch (governing)/constant speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fixed-pitch and constant-speed propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss climb and cruise propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between blade angle, blade angle of attack, and airspeed for fixed and variable pitch propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe and explain the forces that act on a rotating blade element in normal, feathered, windmilling, and reverse operation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of changing propeller pitch at constant IAS.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller efficiency versus speed</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘propeller efficiency’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain and describe the relationship between propeller efficiency and speed (TAS) for different types of propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the relationship between blade angle and thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 01 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Effects of ice on propeller</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects and hazards of ice on a propeller.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Engine failure</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Windmilling drag</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects of an inoperative engine on the performance and controllability of an aeroplane:</p> <p align="left"> — thrust loss/drag increase;</p> <p align="left">— influence on yaw moment during asymmetric power.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>081 07 02 02</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <i><b>Feathering</b></i></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for feathering a propeller, including the effect on the yaw moment, performance and controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Design features for power absorption</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the propeller design characteristics that increase power absorption.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Diameter of propeller</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the reasons for restricting propeller diameter.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Number of blades</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘solidity’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the advantages and disadvantages of increasing the number of blades.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 03 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Propeller noise</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how propeller noise can be minimised.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 07 04 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Secondary effects of propellers</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Torque reaction</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects of engine/propeller torque.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the following methods for counteracting engine/propeller torque:</p> <p align="left"> — counter-rotating propellers;</p> <p align="left">— contra-rotating propellers.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Gyroscopic precession</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe what causes gyroscopic precession.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effect on the aeroplane due to the gyroscopic effect.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Slipstream effect</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the possible effects of the rotating propeller slipstream.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Asymmetric blade effect</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the asymmetric blade effect (also called P factor).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of direction of rotation on the critical engine on twin-engine aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 07 04 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Consideration of propeller effects</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe, given direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during take-off run, rotation and initial climb, and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe, given the direction of propeller rotation, the propeller effects during a go-around and their consequence on controllability.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how propeller effects during go-around can be affected by: </p> <p align="left"> — high engine performance conditions and their effect on the VMC speeds; </p> <p align="left"> — loss of the critical engine; </p> <p align="left"> — crosswind; </p> <p align="left">— high flap setting;</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 00 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>FLIGHT MECHANICS</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 01 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Forces acting on an aeroplane</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, horizontal, steady flight</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in straight, horizontal, and steady flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> List the four forces and state where they act on.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how the four forces are balanced, including the function of the tailplane.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady climb</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘flight-path angle’ (g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between pitch attitude, g and α for zero-wind and zero-bank conditions.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady climb.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula relating to the parallel forces (T = D + W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why thrust is greater than drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the formula (for small angles) that gives the relationship between g, thrust, weight, and lift–drag ratio, and use this formula for simple calculations.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain how IAS, α, and g change in a climb performed with constant vertical speed and constant thrust setting.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady descent</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (T = D – W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula relating to the perpendicular forces (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why lift is less than weight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why thrust is less than drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Straight, steady glide</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a straight, steady glide.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Name the forces parallel and perpendicular to the direction of flight.</p> <p align="left"> — Apply the formula for forces parallel to the direction of flight (D = W sin g).</p> <p align="left">— Apply the formula for forces perpendicular to the direction of flight <br/> (L = W cos g).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relationship between the glide gradient and the lift–drag ratio, and calculate glide range given: </p> <p align="left"> — initial height;</p> <p align="left"> — L–D ratio;</p> <p align="left">— glide speed and wind speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define V_MD (speed for minimum drag) and explain the relationship between α, V_MD and the best lift–drag ratio.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of wind component on glide angle, duration, and distance.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of mass change on glide angle, duration, and distance, given that the aeroplane remains at either the same airspeed or at V_MD.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of configuration change on glide angle and duration.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the relation between TAS, gradient of descent, and rate of descent.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define V_MP (speed for minimum power) and describe that the minimum rate of descent in the glide will be at V_MP, and explain the relationship of this speed to the optimum speed for minimum glide angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Discuss when a pilot could elect to fly for minimum glide rate of descent or minimum glide angle, and why speed stability or headwinds/tailwinds may favour a speed that is faster or slower than the optimum airspeed in still air.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 01 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Steady, coordinated turn</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the forces that act on an aeroplane in a steady, coordinated turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the forces that act horizontally and vertically during a coordinated turn</p> <p align="left">(tan<img align="absmiddle" name="Object1" src="image004.png"/> ).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the difference between a coordinated and an uncoordinated turn, and describe how to correct an uncoordinated turn using turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why the angle of bank is independent of mass, and that it only depends on TAS and radius of turn.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (05)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Resolve the forces to show that for a given angle of bank the radius of turn is determined solely by airspeed (tan<img align="absmiddle" name="Object2" src="image005.png"/> ).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (06)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the turn radius of a steady turn given TAS and angle of bank.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (07)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effects of bank angle on:</p> <p> — load factor (LF = 1/cos<img align="absmiddle" name="Object3" src="image006.png"/> );</p> <p> — α;</p> <p> — thrust;</p> <p>— drag.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (08)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘angular velocity’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (09)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘rate of turn’ and ‘rate-1 turn’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (10)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of TAS on rate of turn at a given bank angle.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (11) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Calculate the load factor and stall speed in a turn given angle of bank and 1g stall speed.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (12)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain situations in which turn radius is relevant for safety, such as maximum speed limits on departure or arrival plates, or outbound speed categories on approach plates, and the implications/hazards of exceeding given speeds.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (13) </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the hazards of excessive use of rudder to increase the rate of turn in a swept-wing aeroplane. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 02 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Asymmetric thrust</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Jet-engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the effects on the aeroplane of asymmetric thrust during flight, for both jet‑engined and propeller-driven aeroplanes.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain critical engine, and explain, for a propeller-driven aeroplane, the effect of the direction of propeller rotation.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of steady, asymmetric flight on a conventional (ball) slip indicator/turn indicator.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect of a crosswind on asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 02</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Balanced moments about the normal axis</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the yaw moments about the CG.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the change to the yaw moment caused by the effect of air density on thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the changes to the yaw moment caused by engine distance from CG.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (04)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the methods to achieve directional balance following engine loss.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 03</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Forces parallel to the lateral axis</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain:</p> <p align="left"> — the force on the vertical fin;</p> <p align="left"> — the fuselage side force due to sideslip (using wing-level method);</p> <p align="left">— the use of bank angle to tilt the lift vector (in wing-down method).</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the flight hazards at VMC:</p> <p align="left"> — α;</p> <p align="left"> — side slip;</p> <p align="left"> — loads on the fin;</p> <p align="left">— α on the fin.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the effect on fin α due to sideslip.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 04</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of aeroplane mass</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why controllability with <br/> one-engine-inoperative is a typical problem arising from the low speeds associated with low aeroplane mass.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 05</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 06</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 07</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Intentionally left blank</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 08</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed (V</i>_<i>MC</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MC’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MC is determined.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 09</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed during approach and landing (V</i>_<i>MCL</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MCL’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MCL is determined.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 10</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Minimum control speed on the ground (V</i>_<i>MCG</i><i>)</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Define ‘V_MCG’.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe how V_MCG is determined. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (03)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain the influence of the CG location.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 02 11</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Influence of density</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Describe the influence of density on thrust during asymmetric flight.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (02)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Explain why V_MC, V_MCL and V_MCGreduce with a reduction in thrust.</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>081 08 03 00</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b>Significant points on a polar curve</b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>081 08 03 01</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> <b><i>Identify and explain</i></b></p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> (01)</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="left"> Identify and explain the significant points on a polar curve. </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> X</p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> <td bgcolor="#d9d9d9"><p align="center"> <br/> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>