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VTOL.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

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(a)     Unless special or other factors of safety are necessary to meet the requirements of this Subpart, the applicant must determine:

(1)     the limit loads, which are equal to the structural design loads;

(2)     the ultimate loads, which are equal to the limit loads multiplied by a 1.5 factor of safety, unless otherwise provided.

(b)     Some strength specifications are specified in terms of ultimate loads only, when permanent detrimental deformation is acceptable.