A

(See also AMC2 FSTD(H).300)

The lowest level of FFS technical complexity.

An enclosed full-scale replica of the helicopter cockpit with representative pilots’ seats, including simulation of all systems, instruments, navigational equipment, communications and caution and warning systems.

An instructor’s station with seat should be provided and at least one additional seat for inspectors/observers.

Static control forces and displacement characteristics should correspond to that of the replicated helicopter and they should reflect the helicopter under the same static flight conditions.

Representative/generic aerodynamic data tailored to the specific helicopter type with fidelity sufficient to meet the objective tests should be used. Generic ground effect and ground handling models are permitted.

Motion, visual and sound systems sufficient to support the training, testing and checking credits sought are required.

A motion system having a minimum of three degrees of freedom (pitch, roll, and heave) to accomplish the required training tasks should be provided.

The visual system should provide at least 45° horizontal and 30° vertical field of view per pilot. A night/dusk scene is acceptable.

The response to control inputs should not be greater than 150 ms more than that experienced on the helicopter.

B

As for level A plus:

Validation flight test data should be used as the basis for flight and performance and systems characteristics. Additionally ground handling and aerodynamics programming to include ground effect reaction and handling characteristics should be derived from validation flight test data.

A reduced six-axis motion performance envelope is acceptable.

The visual system should provide at least 75° horizontal and 40° vertical field of view per pilot.

C

The second highest level of simulator performance.

As for level B plus:

A daylight/dusk/night visual system is required with a continuous field of view per pilot of not less than 150° horizontal and 40° vertical.

The sound simulation should include the sounds of precipitation and significant helicopter noises perceptible to the pilot and should be able to reproduce the sounds of a crash landing.

The response to control inputs should not be greater than 100 ms more than that experienced on the helicopter.

Turbulence and other atmospheric models should be provided to support the training, testing and checking credit sought.

D

The highest level of simulator performance.

As for level C plus:

A full daylight/dusk/night visual system is required with a continuous field of view per pilot of not less than 180° horizontal and 60° vertical and an extended set of sound and motion buffet tests.

1

Type specific with at least one system fully represented to support the training task required.

A cockpit, sufficiently closed off to exclude distractions.

A full size panel of replicated system or systems with functional controls and switches.

Lighting environment for panels and instruments sufficient for the operation being conducted.

Cockpit circuit breakers located as per the helicopter and functioning accurately for the system(s) represented.

Aerodynamic and environment modelling sufficient to permit accurate systems operation and indication.

Navigational data with corresponding approach facilities where replicated.

Suitable seating arrangements for the instructor/examiner and competent authority’s inspector.

Proper system(s) operation resulting from management by the flight crew independent from instructor control inputs.

Instructor’s controls to insert abnormal or emergency conditions into the helicopter systems.

Independent freeze and reset facilities.

Appropriate control forces and control travel.

Appropriate cockpit sounds.

2

As for level 1 with the following additions or amendments:

-             all systems fully represented;

-             lighting environment as per helicopter;

-             representative / generic aerodynamic data tailored to the specific helicopter with the fidelity to meet the objective tests;

-             adjustable crew member seats;

-             flight control characteristics representative of the helicopter;

-             a visual system (night/dusk and day) capable of providing a field-of-view of a minimum of 150° horizontally from the middle eye point and 40° vertically;

-             a visual data base sufficient to support the training requirements;

-             significant cockpit sounds;

-             on-board instructor station with control of atmospheric conditions and freeze and reset.

3

As for level 2 with the following additions or amendments:

-             validation flight test data as the basis for objective testing of flight, performance and systems characteristics

-             visual system (night/dusk/day) capable of providing a field of view of a minimum of 150° horizontally from the middle eye point and 60° vertically.

I

The lowest level of FNPT technical complexity.

A cockpit that is sufficiently closed off to exclude distractions, that replicates the helicopter.

Instruments, equipment, panels, systems, primary and secondary flight controls sufficient for the training events to be accomplished should be located in a spatially correct position.

Suitable arrangements for an instructor should be provided allowing an adequate view of the crew members’ panels and station.

Effects of aerodynamic and environment changes for various combinations of airspeed and power normally encountered in flight.

Navigation and communication equipment corresponding to that of a helicopter.

Navigational data, including en-route aids and appropriate aerodromes/operating sites, with corresponding approach procedures.

Control forces and control travel should broadly correspond to those of a helicopter.

Appropriate cockpit sounds should be available.

Variable effects of wind and turbulence.

Hard copy of map and approach plot.

Instructor’s controls to insert abnormal or emergency conditions into the basic flight instruments and navigation equipment and to vary environmental conditions.

Independent freeze and reset facilities

II

As for level I with the following additions or amendments:

Circuit breakers should function correctly when involved in procedures or malfunctions requiring or involving flight crew response.

Crew members’ seats with adequate adjustment.

An additional observer seat.

Generic ground handling and aerodynamic ground effects models.

Systems should be operative to the extent that it should be possible to perform normal, abnormal and emergency operations.

Adjustable cloud base and visibility.

Control forces and control travels which respond in the same manner under the same flight conditions as in a helicopter.

A more complex aerodynamic model.

Significant cockpit sounds, responding to pilot actions

A daylight/dusk/night visual system is required with a continuous field of view per pilot of not less than 150° horizontal and 40° vertical.

A visual data base should be provided sufficient to support the training requirements, including at least:

-             specific areas within the database with higher resolution to support landings, take-offs and ground cushion exercises and training away from an aerodrome/operating site; and

-             sufficient scene details to allow for ground to map navigation over a sector length equal to 30 minutes at an average cruise speed.

III

As for level II with the following additions or amendments:

-             a daylight, dusk and night visual system is required with a continuous field of view per pilot of not less than 150° horizontal and 60° vertical; and

-             detailed high resolution visual data bases as required to support advanced training.

II MCC and
III MCC

For use in multi-crew cooperation (MCC) training - as for levels II or III with additional systems, instrumentation and indicators as required for MCC training and operation. Reference Appendix 1 to CS FSTD(H).300.