CS 29.547 Main and tail rotor structure
ED Decision 2003/16/RM
(a) A rotor is an assembly of rotating components, which includes the rotor hub, blades, blade dampers, the pitch control mechanisms, and all other parts that rotate with the assembly.
(b) Each rotor assembly must be designed as prescribed in this paragraph and must function safely for the critical flight load and operating conditions. A design assessment must be performed, including a detailed failure analysis to identify all failures that will prevent continued safe flight or safe landing, and must identify the means to minimise the likelihood of their occurrence.
(c) The rotor structure must be designed to withstand the following loads prescribed in CS 29.337 to 29.341, and CS 29.351:
(1) Critical flight loads.
(2) Limit loads occurring under normal conditions of autorotation.
(d) The rotor structure must be designed to withstand loads simulating:
(1) For the rotor blades, hubs and flapping hinges, the impact force of each blade against its stop during ground operation; and
(2) Any other critical condition expected in normal operation.
(e) The rotor structure must be designed to withstand the limit torque at any rotational speed, including zero. In addition:
(1) The limit torque need not be greater than the torque defined by a torque limiting device (where provided), and may not be less than the greater of:
(i) The maximum torque likely to be transmitted to the rotor structure, in either direction, by the rotor drive or by sudden application of the rotor brake; and
(ii) For the main rotor, the limit engine torque specified in CS 29.361.
(2) The limit torque must be equally and rationally distributed to the rotor blades.
Helicopter Rotor Design Safety: EASA regulations mandate robust rotor assembly design for large rotorcraft. Rotors must withstand critical flight loads, autorotation, and ground impact. Designs require failure analysis to ensure safe flight/landing. Rotor structure must handle limit torque, considering engine torque and torque-limiting devices, distributed evenly to blades.
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