ED Decision 2025/002/R
ALL ATOs, EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDING FLIGHT TEST TRAINING
(a) The number of training aircraft may be affected by the availability of FSTDs.
(b) Each training aircraft should be:
(1) equipped as required in the training specifications concerning the course in which it is used;
(2) except in the case of balloons or single-seat aircraft, fitted with primary flight controls that are instantly accessible by both the student and the instructor (for example dual flight controls or a centre control stick). Swing-over flight controls should not be used.
(c) The fleet should include, as appropriate to the courses of training:
(1) aircraft suitably equipped to simulate instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) and for the instrument flight training required. For flight training and testing for the instrument rating and the basic instrument rating (BIR), an adequate number of IFR-certificated aircraft should be available;
(2) in the case of aeroplanes and sailplanes, aircraft suitable for demonstrating stalling and spin avoidance;
(3) for the flight instructor (FI) training courses on aeroplanes and sailplanes, aircraft suitable for spin recovery at the developed stage;
(4) in the case of helicopters, helicopters suitable for autorotation demonstration;
(5) in the case of a non-complex ATO, one aircraft fulfilling all the required characteristics for a training aircraft might be sufficient;
(6) each FSTD should be equipped as required in the training specifications concerning the course in which it is used.
AMC1 ORA.ATO.135 details training aircraft and FSTD requirements for ATOs, excluding flight test training, covering equipment, dual controls, IFR aircraft, and specific aircraft capabilities.
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