AMC2 ADR.OPS.B.024(b) Authorisation of vehicle drivers

DRIVING TRAINING PROGRAMMES

(a) General driving training programme

(1) The theoretical part of the general driving training programme should, as a minimum, cover the following areas:

(i) Driving authorisation framework, including:

(A) issuance, validity, conditions of use;

(B) control and audit of its issue;

(C) driving violations and enforcement procedures;

(D) relationship with the national driver licensing system;

(E) national requirements related to general vehicle driving licences;

(F) national Competent Authority guidance for movement area driving; and

(G) roles of various organisations:

(a) the role of the aerodrome operator in setting and maintaining standards;

(b) the Competent Authority’s role and its responsibilities;

(c) the role of the national and/or local police, and their involvement with airside driving; and

(d) the role of any other enforcement authorities dealing with vehicles, driving, health, and safety

(ii) Personal responsibilities, including:

(A) requirements concerning fitness to drive (medical standards);

(B) use of personal protective equipment (e.g. high-visibility clothing and hearing protection);

(C) general driving standards;

(D) no-smoking; use of psychoactive substances and medicines, including requirements on alcohol consumption;

(E) implementation of ‘sterile-cab’ concept, by avoiding disturbing and distracting activities while driving;

(F) responsibilities with respect to FOD and fuel/oil spillage; and

(G) the responsibility to ensure that a vehicle is suitable for the task and is used correctly.

(iii) Vehicle standards, including:

(A) condition and maintenance standards at the aerodrome and/or national level;

(B) the requirement to display obstruction lights and company insignia;

(C) the requirement for, and content of, daily vehicle inspections;

(D) vehicle fault reporting and rectification;

(E) requirements for the issue and display of vehicle authorisations;

(F) serviceability of all essential communication systems with air traffic services and base operations; and

(G) maintaining the vehicle’s cabin free of loose and distracting articles/items, as per the ‘sterile-cab’ concept.

(iv) Aerodrome rules and procedures, including:

(A) rules of the air, and air traffic services procedures applicable to aerodromes as they relate to vehicles, particularly rights of way;

(B) aerodrome regulations, procedures and instructions pertaining to vehicle operations;

(C) definition of movement areas, manoeuvring areas and aprons;

(D) methods used to disseminate general information and instructions to drivers;

(E) methods used to disseminate information regarding works in progress; and

(F) reporting of occurrences the driver is involved in or witnesses.

(v) General aerodrome layout, including:

(A) the general geography of the aerodrome;

(B) aviation terminology used such as runway, taxiway, apron, roads, crossings, runway-holding points;

(C) all aerodrome signs, markings and lighting for vehicles and aircraft, including their meaning;

(D) specific reference to signs, markings and lighting used to guard runways and critical areas; and

(E) specific reference to any controlled/uncontrolled taxiway crossing procedures.

(vi) Hazards of general movement area driving, including:

(A) speed limits, prohibited areas, and no parking requirements;

(B) the danger zones around aircraft;

(C) engine suction/ingestion and blast, propellers, and helicopters;

(D) aircraft refuelling;

(E) FOD and spillages;

(F) vehicle reversing;

(G) staff and passengers walking across aprons;

(H) air bridges and other services such as fixed electrical ground power;

(I) the general aircraft turnaround process;

(J) aircraft emergency stop and fuel cut-off procedures;

(K) hazardous cargo;

(L) vehicle-towing requirements and procedures;

(M) driving at night; and

(N) driving in adverse weather conditions, particularly low visibility.

(vii) Human performance, including:

(A) basic concepts of human factors;

(B) basic aviation psychology, including:

(a) attention and vigilance;

(b) perception;

(c) memory;

(d) human error;

(e) decision-making;

(f) avoiding and managing errors;

(g) human behaviour; and

(h) human overload and underload.

(viii) Emergency procedures, including:

(A) actions and responsibilities in a crisis situation (any accident or serious incident occurring on the aerodrome);

(B) action in the event of a vehicle accident;

(C) specific action in the event of a vehicle striking an aircraft;

(D) action in the event of fire;

(E) action in the event of an aircraft accident/incident; and

(F) action in the event of personal injury.

(ix) Communications, including:

(A) radio procedures and phraseologies to be used (other than with air traffic services);

(B) light signals used by air traffic services;

(C) procedures to be used by vehicle drivers if lost or uncertain of their position;

(D) local emergency telephone numbers;

(E) how to contact the local aerodrome unit;

(F) portable radio, including:

(a) correct use of radios;

(b) effective range and battery life;

(c) screening/shielding effects on the aerodrome;

(d) use of correct call signs, as applicable; and

(e) safety while using radios, including procedures and instructions regarding the use of portable radios and hand-held microphones while driving a vehicle.

(2) The practical part of the general driving training programme should, as a minimum, include the following visual familiarisation of the aerodrome:

(i) airside service roads, taxiway crossings, and any restrictions during low-visibility conditions;

(ii) aprons and stands;

(iii) surface paint markings for vehicles and aircraft;

(iv) surface paint markings that delineate the boundary between aprons and taxiways;

(v) signs, markings and lighting used on the taxiway that indicate the runways ahead;

(vi) parking areas and restrictions;

(vii) speed limits and regulations; and

(viii) hazards during aircraft turnarounds and aircraft movements

(b) Manoeuvring area training programme

(1) The theoretical part of the manoeuvring area training programme should, as a minimum, cover the following areas:

(i) Air traffic services, including:

(A) the aerodrome’s air traffic services function and area of responsibility;

(B) the ground movement control function and area of responsibility;

(C) normal and emergency procedures used by air traffic services relating to aircraft;

(D) normal handover/transfer points for vehicles;

(E) air traffic services call signs, vehicle call signs; and

(F) demarcation of responsibilities between air traffic services and apron management unit, if applicable.

(ii) Personal responsibilities, including:

(A) fitness to drive with particular emphasis on eyesight and colour perception;

(B) correct use of personal protective equipment;

(C) responsibilities with respect to FOD; and

(D) responsibilities with respect to escorting other vehicles on the manoeuvring area.

(iii) Vehicle standards, including:

(A) responsibility for ensuring the vehicle used is fit for the purpose and task and appropriately marked and lighted;

(B) requirements for daily inspection prior to operating on the manoeuvring area;

(C) particular attention to the display of obstruction and general lights; and

(D) serviceability of all essential communication systems with air traffic services and base operations.

(iv) Aerodrome layout, including:

(A) particular emphasis on signs, markings and lighting used on the manoeuvring area;

(B) special emphasis on signs, markings and lighting used to protect the runway;

(C) description of equipment essential to air navigation such as instrument landing systems (ILS);

(D) description of sensitive, critical or other protected zones areas related to ILS or other navigation aid antennae and the related markings and signs;

(E) description of ILS protected areas, and their relation to runway-holding points;

(F) description of runway instrument/visual strip, cleared and graded area; and

(G) description of lighting used on the manoeuvring area with particular emphasis on those related to low-visibility operations.

(v) Hazards of manoeuvring area driving, including:

(A) engine suction/ingestion and blast, vortex, propellers, and helicopter operations;

(B) requirements and procedures for driving at night;

(C) requirements and procedures for operations in low visibility and other adverse weather conditions;

(D) right of way of vehicles, aircraft, towed aircraft, and rescue and firefighting vehicles in an emergency.

(vi) Emergency procedures, including:

(A) actions to be taken in the event of a vehicle accident/incident on the manoeuvring area;

(B) actions to be taken in the event of an aircraft accident/incident on the manoeuvring area;

(C) actions to be taken if FOD or other debris is found on runways and taxiways; and

(D) local emergency telephone numbers.

(vii) Communication procedures, including:

(A) air traffic services frequencies used and areas of applicability;

(B) language to be used when communicating with the air traffic services;

(C) procedure to be used by vehicle drivers if lost or uncertain of their position on the manoeuvring area;

(D) procedure for a vehicle breakdown on runways and taxiways and notifying the air traffic services unit of such events; and

(E) radio communication failure:

(a) procedure in the event of a radio communication or transponder or equivalent equipment failure while a vehicle is on the manoeuvring area; and

(b) procedures for light signals and other communication means that can be used by the air traffic services unit to pass instructions to a vehicle driver on the manoeuvring area.

(viii) Aircraft familiarisation, including:

(A) knowledge of aircraft types and ability to identify all types normally operating at the aerodrome;

(B) knowledge of aircraft call signs; and

(C) knowledge of aircraft terminology relating to engines, fuselage, control surfaces, undercarriage, lights, vents, etc.

(2) The practical part of the manoeuvring area training programme should, as a minimum, include the following visual familiarisation of the aerodrome:

(i) all runways (including access and exit routes), holding areas, taxiways and aprons;

(ii) all signs, surface markings and lighting associated with runways, holding positions, CAT I, II, and III operations;

(iii) all signs, surface markings and lighting associated with taxiways;

(iv) specific markings that demarcate the boundary between aprons and manoeuvring areas;

(v) navigation aids such as ILS, sensitive, critical, or other protected areas, antennae, RVR equipment, and other meteorological equipment;

(vi) hazards of operating around aircraft landing, taking off or taxiing; and

(vii) any used naming convention for particular areas or routes.