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CS 29.621 Casting factors

Available versions for ERULES-1963177438-5537

ED Decision 2003/16/RM found in: CS-29 Amdt 11 - Large Rotercraft (Feb 2023)

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CS 29.621 Casting factors

ED Decision 2003/16/RM

(a) General. The factors, tests, and inspections specified in sub-paragraphs (b) and (c) must be applied in addition to those necessary to establish foundry quality control. The inspections must meet approved specifications. Subparagraphs (c) and (d) apply to structural castings except castings that are pressure tested as parts of hydraulic or other fluid systems and do not support structural loads.

(b) Bearing stressed and surfaces. The casting factors specified in sub-paragraphs (c) and (d):

(1) Need not exceed 1.25 with respect to bearing stresses regardless of the method of inspection used; and

(2) Need not be used with respect to the bearing surfaces of a part whose bearing factor is larger than the applicable casting factor.

(c) Critical castings. For each casting whose failure would preclude continued safe flight and landing of the rotorcraft or result in serious injury to any occupant, the following apply:

(1) Each critical casting must:

(i) Have a casting factor of not less than 1.25; and

(ii) Receive 100% inspection by visual, radiographic, and magnetic particle (for ferro-magnetic materials) or penetrant (for non ferromagnetic materials) inspection methods or approved equivalent inspection methods.

(2) For each critical casting with a casting factor less than 1.50, three sample castings must be static tested and shown to meet:

(i) The strength requirements of [CS 29.305](#_DxCrossRefBm1178331784) at an ultimate load corresponding to a casting factor of 1.25; and

(ii) The deformation requirements of [CS 29.305](#_DxCrossRefBm1178331784) at a load of 1.15 times the limit load.

(d) Non critical castings. For each casting other than those specified in sub-paragraph (c), the following apply:

(1) Except as provided in sub-paragraphs (d)(2) and (3), the casting factors and corresponding inspections must meet the following table:

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="539"><tr><td valign="top" width="181">Casting factor</td><td valign="top" width="358">Inspection</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="181">2.0 or greater ……..</td><td valign="top" width="358">100% visual.</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="181">Less than 2.0 greater than 1.5</td><td valign="top" width="358">100% visual, and magnetic particle (ferromagnetic materials), penetrant (non ferro-magnetic materials), or approved equivalent inspection methods.</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="181">1.25 through 1.50......</td><td valign="top" width="358">100% visual, and magnetic particle (ferromagnetic materials), penetrant (non ferro-magnetic materials), and radiographic or approved equivalent inspection methods.</td></tr></table>

(2) The percentage of castings inspected by non visual methods may be reduced below that specified in sub-paragraph (d)(1) when an approved quality control procedure is established.

(3) For castings procured to a specification that guarantees the mechanical properties of the material in the casting and provides for demonstration of these properties by test of coupons cut from the castings on a sampling basis:

(i) A casting factor of 1.0 may be used; and

(ii) The castings must be inspected as provided in sub-paragraph (d)(1) for casting factors of ‘1.25 to 1.50’ and tested under sub-paragraph (c)(2).

CS 29.621 Casting factors

ED Decision 2003/16/RM

(b) Bearing stressed and surfaces. The casting factors specified in sub-paragraphs (c) and (d):

(1) Need not exceed 1.25 with respect to bearing stresses regardless of the method of inspection used; and

(2) Need not be used with respect to the bearing surfaces of a part whose bearing factor is larger than the applicable casting factor.

(c) Critical castings. For each casting whose failure would preclude continued safe flight and landing of the rotorcraft or result in serious injury to any occupant, the following apply:

(1) Each critical casting must:

(i) Have a casting factor of not less than 1.25; and

(2) For each critical casting with a casting factor less than 1.50, three sample castings must be static tested and shown to meet:

(i) The strength requirements of [CS 29.305](#_DxCrossRefBm1513259402) at an ultimate load corresponding to a casting factor of 1.25; and

(ii) The deformation requirements of [CS 29.305](#_DxCrossRefBm1513259402) at a load of 1.15 times the limit load.

(d) Non critical castings. For each casting other than those specified in sub-paragraph (c), the following apply:

(1) Except as provided in sub-paragraphs (d)(2) and (3), the casting factors and corresponding inspections must meet the following table:

(2) The percentage of castings inspected by non visual methods may be reduced below that specified in sub-paragraph (d)(1) when an approved quality control procedure is established.

(i) A casting factor of 1.0 may be used; and

(ii) The castings must be inspected as provided in sub-paragraph (d)(1) for casting factors of ‘1.25 to 1.50’ and tested under sub-paragraph (c)(2).